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Lesson 1 Overview of Philosophy

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PHILOSOPHY

IT IS THE SCIENCE OF BEING IN THEIR


ULTIMATE REASON, CAUSE AND PRINCIPLE
ACQUIRED BY THE AID OF HUMAN REASON
ALONE
SCIENCE - it is a systematized body of knowledge
based on facts and observation.

BEING - it refers to all the things that our human


mind can reach.
REASON - is that by means of which a thing is
known and can be understood.

CAUSE - is that by means of which contributes


something towards the production of things
PRINCIPLE - is that by means of which something
proceeds

ACQUIRED BY THE AID OF HUMAN REASON


ALONE - it means that (a) philosophy doesn’t
base its knowledge on authority but solely on the
reasoning power of the individual;
(b) philosophy doesn’t make use of the article of faith

(c) philosophy uses the light of natural reason


BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
LOGIC - the science and art of correct thinking

PHILOSOPHY OF MAN (RATIONAL


PSYCHOLOGY) - it focuses mostly on the idea of who
really man is in general
METAPHYSICS (ONTOLOGY) - study of being in
general

COSMOLOGY (PHILOSOPHY OF THE WORLD) -


it focuses on the idea of the world whether things are
actually a substance or by accident
EPISTEMOLOGY (CRITIC F KNOWLEDGE) -
this focuses on the truthfulness of things

AESTHETICS (PHILOSOPHY OF BEAUTY) -


deals with the different form of arts
ETHICS - it is the study of morality; the act of doing
good and avoiding evil
ACTIVITY:
WHAT IS YOUR PHILOSOPHY IN LIFE?

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