Prevention of Substance

Use and Abuse

 WHAT IS
 A drug is DRUG
a chemical substance
that brings about physical,
emotional or behavioral change
in a person taking it.

 Is any other
than food or water that is
substance
intended to be taken or
administered for the
purpose of altering,
sustaining or controlling
the recipients physical,
mental or emotional state. 8
 WHAT IS DRUG
ABUSE the use
Drug abuse of any chemical
is substance, or illicit, resulting to
licit individual’s
physical, mental, or
impairment. social

It may refer to any of the following practices:

•Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs
which have the capacity to alter the mood or behavior.
•Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from
the one from which the drug has been prescribed.
•Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical
application or purposes other than research. 9
 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2008
 SEX: Ratio of male to female is 9:1
 CIVIL STATUS: Single 56.94%
 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: High School level
30.62%
 STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT : Unemployed (32.82%)
 PLACE OF RESIDENCE: Urban (Specifically NCR)
 DURATION OF DRUG – TAKING: More than six (6) years
 NATURE OF DRUG – TAKING : Poly drug use
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CLASSIFICATION

12
 Pharmacological
Classifications of Drugs

STIMULANTS

DEPRESSANTS

HALLUCINOGENS
 1. Stimulants
 Also known as “uppers”
 Any of a group of drugs that excite the
central nervous system. It increase alertness,
alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide
a feeling of well-being.
 Ex. Cocaine, Methamphetamine (SHABU)
 2.
Depressant
 also called as “downers” or “barbs”
any drug or chemical that decreases the activity
of any bodily function. The term is most often
used to refer to drugs that reduce the activity of
the central nervous system
Ex: Sedatives, Sleeping Pills, Tranquilizers
 3. Hallucinogens
 Also called “psychedelics”
First developed as appetite suppressant
 Any natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that
produce marked distortion of the senses and
changes in perception

Ex: MJ, LSD, Ecstasy, Ketamine

16
 M A R IJ U A NA
33.65

INHALANTS, 4.82

SHABU
81.36
DRUGS OF
ABUSE

18
Produces anxiety, tension, irritability irrational
behavior, talkativeness,
, and loss
of self-
control.
• Results in loss of appetite and inability to sleep.
• Euphoria, elation.
• Can lead to acute
psychotic reactions, violent and destructive
behavior and recklessness that may result in
accidents.
• Includes chest pain, irregularity of heart beat,
elevated or lowered blood pressure, evidence of
weight loss, convulsion and death from cardiac 20
Prolonged use or even a single
exposure, especially if
administrated intravenously,
can lead to manifestations of a
full blown “psychosis” which is
similar to schizophrenia
characterized by the presence
of paranoid delusions, auditory
and visual hallucinations. The
paranoia may lead to violent
and aggressive behavior. 21
 FACES OF METH

JULY 2003 17 MONTHS LATER

JENNIFER LUNDGREN
www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
24
 FACES OF METH
JOSEPH HARRIS

DECEMBER 1999 3 MONTHS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofm
eth 25
FACES OF METH

26
FACES OF METH

28
BRAIN OF DRUG ABUSER

31
Meth “BUGS”

33
Meth “BUGS”

34
TEETH OF DRUG ABUSER

35
 Drugs of Abuse
No. 2
Marijuana
or
Cannabis
Sativa
 Hallucinations/illusions  Severe irritation of the nasal
 Faster heart beat and pulse passages that leads to
rate frequent nose bleeding
 Bloodshot Eye/blurred  Renal damages, heart
vision/Rapid Eye Movement disease and strokes
(REM)
 Dry mouth and throat  Psychiatric
 Forgetfulness/inability to consequences
think  Gateway drug that may
 Altered sense of time/ lead to poly-drug use.
disorientation
 Impaired reflexes
coordination
and
concentration
 Acute panic
anxiety reaction
 “Food-trip” &
sleepiness (MJ)
 Drugs of Abuse
No. 3
Inhalants
 Volatile chemical substances that
contains psycho-active
(mind/mood altering) vapors
producing a state of intoxication.
Ex: Glue and Adhesive Cement
/ Rugby / Super Glue / Thinner

57
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
• Prone to bleeding and bruises
• Loss of memory
• Difficulty in learning and seeing things clearly
• Loss of bodily control
• Cramps, pains and bad cough

LONG TERM EFFECT

• Permanent damage to brain, liver and kidneys

WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
• Anxiety, depression and irritability
• Aggressive behavior
• Dizziness, shaking and nausea
• Insomnia
Other Drugs of Abuse

59
 SLEEPING PILLS
BENZODIAZEPINES –
commonly known as
tranquilizers and sleeping pills.
They are classified as
short,
medium and long acting. This
relates to the length of the
drug action in the
Length of action can also be
body.
influenced by the health of a
person’s liver, age and weight.
A.K.A. Valium, Ativan, Nubain,
etc.

60
 Tobacco means the curved
leaves the tobacco plant
of tobacu” which
“nicotiana a very
contains called nicotine.potent
ingredient

63
 Icebreaker

1. What is the most addictive ingredient

of a cigarette?

Carbon Monoxide
Nicotine
Tar
2. Ayon sa batas, pwedeng
manigarilyo sa mga
colleges/universities?

Oo Hindi

Pwede
 National Figures

240 Filipinos die

daily due to
tobacco-related
diseases
ADULT CURRENT SMOKERS
(15 years old and above)

• 28.3% of total adults (17.3M)

• 47.7% of adult males (14.6M)
• 9.0% of adult females (
2.8M)
SOURCE: Philippines’ Global Adult Tobacco Survey, 2009
 YOUTH CURRENT SMOKERS
(13 - 15 years old)
• 27.4% currently use any tobacco product (M-34.7%; F-19.6%)
• More than 1 in 5 students (21.9%) currently smoke cigarettes
• Almost 1 in 10 (9.7%) currently use some other form of
tobacco
SOURCE: Philippines’ Global Youth Tobacco Survey, 2007
 Why TOBACCO USE
is prevalent in the Philippines

• EASY ACCESS & LOW PRICES

• AGGRESSIVE AND WIDESPREAD MARKETING

• LACK OF AWARENESS ABOUT ITS DANGER

• WEAKNESSES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF

POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TO CURB THE
TOBACCO EPIDEMIC
 TOBACCO
is the only LEGAL product that,
when used according to the
manufacturers’ instructions,
surely kills half
of the people who use it.
 Tobacco smoke contains
more than 7,000 chemicals,
more than 50 known or suspected carcinogens,
and many potent irritants.
OTHER TOXIC COMPONENTS
3 MAIN COMPONENTS
OF TOBACCO
SMOKE • NICOTINE is the addictive
component of tobacco. It is
absorbed into the blood and
affects the brain within 10
seconds. It causes smokers
to feel good because of the
chemicals in the brain that
it
releases. It also causes a surge
of heart rate, blood pressure,
and adrenaline which also feels
good.
•TAR is a thick, sticky substance, and when inhaled it sticks to
the tiny hairs on the lungs, the cilia. These normally protect the
lungs from dirt and infection, but when covered in tar they
can't do their job. Tar also coats the walls of the whole
respiration system, narrowing the tubes that transport air (the
bronchioles) and reducing elasticity of the lungs.
• CARBON MONOXIDE is the
poisonous chemical found in
car exhaust fumes. It decreases
the amount of oxygen in the
blood, which deprives all the
organs of oxygen too. Because
there's less oxygen in the blood,
it gets thicker and puts a
strain on the heart to pump.
Smokers die younger.
Smoking is the most common cause of cancers.
Smoking at an early age increases the risk of lung cancer.
 Smoking makes you about 10 times more likely
to die early from a major stroke or heart attack.
Smoking also increases the risk of developing
diabetes.
 Smokers suffer more frequently from
severe bronchitis and emphysema
(a disease where the chemicals in tobacco smoke severely damage
the lining of the lungs, and make it difficult to breathe).
 Smoking damages small blood vessels,
and restricts blood flow to the hands and feet,
can lead to gangrene and even the amputation
of limbs.
Smoking affects your sense of taste and smell,
making both of them less sensitive.
 Smoking leads to tooth decay,
and turns your teeth and fingers
yellow.
Smoking affects your skin and complexion;
it leads to premature aging and wrinkles.
 Men who smoked for years were often unable
to have an erection due to low penile blood pressure.
Male smokers also have a lower sperm count and
more abnormal sperm than non-smokers.
 PATAY ANG
KINABUKASAN
KO!?!

ART by Antonio Totto, Jr.

 Tobacco Smoke

10 Filipinos die
by the hour due to
tobacco-related diseases
For every cigarette stick smoked,
a smoker loses 5 to 10 minutes
of his/her precious life
and also endangers the lives
of the innocent people around
him/her
• ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE

- Mimics cigarette smoking using atomized vapor

- Contains propylene, glycol, water, flavoring and varying
levels of nicotine
- User inhales, a sensor detects air flow and starts a process
to heat liquid from a replaceable cartridge so it vaporizes
- Powered by a small rechargeable battery
- Banned by Israel, Australia, Canada
and Mexico over safety issues
- NOT A SMOKING
CESSATION DEVICE
Vaping 101
Discussion: e-
ou k n o w a bo u t
What do y
cig arett es /v a p in g ?
 rette?
What is an E-Ciga
te d d ev ice that e glycol
A batte r y- op e ra
l (e-juice) E-juice = propylen
c he m ic a avouring
changes a liq u id and/or glycerin, fl
a t c a n be inhaled. e.
into a v a p o u r th and often nicotin

a re a ls o k n o w n as e-cigs,
E-cigarette s
s, v a pe pens, mods like
e-hook ah s , va p e 1000s of flavours
coffee,
and tank systems. fruit, candy, mint,
wberry
belgian waffle, stra
t s:
4 main componen daiquiri...
● Battery
● Cartridge or tank
-juice)
● Liquid chemical (e
e r w it h a he atin g element
● Atomiz
 Types of E-cigare
ttes
Cigalike Disposa
bles: one-time
use, look like ciga
rettes
Cigalikes: look lik
e cigarettes,
Cigalike use replaceable, p
re-filled
cartridges for e-ju
ice
Vape Pens: pen-s
tyle devices,
can be refilled wit
h e-juice
Advanced Tank S Tank Systems
ystems: Box-
like or tubular, ca
n be refilled
with e-juice, mod
ifiable settings
Vape Pens
JUUL
rettes
● A brand of e-ciga
. that
popular in the U.S
anada
are now sold in C
USB
● Look similar to a
flash drive
uice
● 1 JUUL “pod” (e-j
much
cartridge) has as
k of
nicotine as 1 pac
cigarettes
 Other Electronic
Devices
E-Hookahs: esse
ntially the same a
marketed with de s e-cigarettes,
signs that reflect
hookah culture.
Heated Tobacco
Products (“heat-
tobacco to high t not-burn”): heat
emperatures usin
powered heating g battery-
systems that cre
IQOS, Glo, Ploom ate aerosols (e.g.,
, Pax).
Cannabis Vaporiz
ers: heat either le
cannabis oil to a af cannabis or
temperature that
Not usually interc creates aerosol.
hangeable with e
some e-cigarette -cigarettes, but
s can be modifie
d to vape cannab
is.
Discussion:
hy d o yo ut h vap e?
W
 y E-
Why Do Youth Tr
cigarettes?
 In Canada:
● 77% of yo In WDG:
uth in grades 7- ● 80% of grad
12 had never trie Ontario: e 7 and 10
d an e- In in
cigarette. ● 89% of students students reported n
ot
d
● Use was h grades 7-12 reporte using an e-cigarette
in the
igher among arette
males and studen not using an e-cig past 12 months.
ts in
grades 10-12. in the past year. ● Grade 10 stu
dents were
among
● Use was higher more likely to report
use
nts in
Canadian Student
Tobacco, Alcohol males and stude than grade 7 studen
ts.
and Drugs Survey
(CSTADS),
2016-17 grades 11-12.
WDG Youth Survey, 2
017-18
rug Use and
Ontario Student D
UHS), 2017
Health Survey (OSD

Use of E-cigarettes By Youth

 E -cig arettes & Spreading
Sharing
Illnesses
p e o ple a re n o t sick, they can
● Even if
re a d m ic ro o rg a nisms (germs).
still sp

sh a rin g e -c ig a re ttes, keep in mind

● If saliva, and
y g e rm s e x is t in
that man
e s c an b e sp re a d through direct
illness
.
exposure to saliva

m e n d e d th a t e-c igarettes be
● It is recom
and water and
cleaned with soap
z ed w it h a b le a ch and water
saniti
ti o n (½ te a sp o o n of bleach for
solu .
e ry li tre o f w a te r) for 45 seconds
ev
Discussion: alt h
he n e g ati ve h e
What are t
effec t s of va p ing ?
 What’s in E-Ciga
rette Vapour?
● Flavouring: chem
icals like diacetyl
the lungs when in which can damag
haled have been e
sweet e-juice flav found in many
● Particles: ours (e.g., vanilla).
sometimes at lev
smoke. Can incre els comparable to
ase the risk of he cigarette
cancer and asthm art disease, lung
a attacks and inte
function. rfere with lung
● Metals: lik
e lead, chromium
and mercury. Exp , nickel, copper, al
osure can have a uminum
health effects incl v ariety of negative
● Tobacco-s u d ing b ra in d a mage and cancer.
pecific nitrosamin
cigarettes that cau es: compounds fo
se cancer. und in
● Carbonyls
: like formaldehy
cancer. de which potenti
ally cause
 s of E-Cigarette s
He a lth Effect

rett e v a p ou r c an cause light-

● E-ciga ro at irritation,
, ey e an d th
headedness d coughing.
, d izzi ne ss an
headaches
cause injuries.
● E-cigarettes can s
cti ve b a tt e rie s have caused fire
Defe
and explosions.

g s h av e b e e n d ocumented,
● Poisonin
o st ly m in o r to x ic effects like
with m
usea.
vomiting and na

ct s o f lo n g-t e rm , frequent
● The effe vapour are
re to e -c ig a re tt e
exposu
not yet known.
 sage
Take Home Mes

u Don’t Smo ke, Don’t Vape.

If Yo

o u gh e v ide n ce to suggest
There is e n
y w h o d o e s n o t smoke
that anybod a pe e - c igarettes.
ld n o t v
cigarettes shou
 WHICH ONE

RIP
(Death)
NBP
(Prison)
NMH
(Mental Hospital) 94