COMPUTER

APPLICATION-
II
BY: Dr. PRADEEP CHAURASIYA
Assistant Professor
(Commerce)
CPU-CENTRAL PROCESSING
UNIT
 CPU is considered as the brain of the computer.CPU
performs all types of data processing operations. It stores
data, intermediate results and instructions (program).It
controls the operation of all parts of the computer.
COMPONENTS OF CPU
 Memory or Storage Unit
 Control Unit

 ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)

MEMORY OR STORAGE UNIT
 This unit can store instructions, data, and supplies
information to other units of the computer when needed.
It is also known as internal storage unit or the main
memory or the primary storage or Random Access
Memory (RAM).
 Its size affects speed, power, and capability of the
computer.
CONTROL UNIT
 This unit controls the operations of all parts of the
computer but does not carry out any actual data
processing operations.
 It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and
instructions among other units of a computer.
 It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets
them, and directs the operation of the computer.
 It communicates with Input/Output devices for transfer
of data or results from storage.
ALU (ARITHMETIC LOGIC
UNIT)
This unit consists of two subsections namely,
Arithmetic Section: Function of arithmetic section is to
perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division. All complex operations are
done by making repetitive use of the above operations.

Logic Section : Function of logic section is to perform

logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching,
and merging of data.
COMPUTER HARDWARE &
SOFTWARE

 A computer system is divided into two categories:

 Hardware and Software.

 Hardware refers to the physical and visible components

of the system such as a monitor, CPU, keyboard and
mouse.
 Software, on the other hand, refers to a set of
instructions which enable the hardware to perform a
specific set of tasks.
COMPUTER HARDWARE

Hardware is further divided into four main categories:

 Input Devices

 Output Devices

 Secondary Storage Devices

 Internal Components
COMPUTER SOFTWARE

Software is further divided into two main categories:-

 System Software.
 Application Software.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE

 System software is a type of computer program that is

designed to run a computer's hardware and application
programs. If we think of the computer system as a
layered model, the system software is the interface
between the hardware and user applications.
COMPONETS OF SYSTEM
SOFTWARE

 Operating system
 Language translator

 Device driver
OPERATING SYSTEM

 An operating system (OS) is the program that, after

being initially loaded into the computer by a boot
program, manages all of the other application
programs in a computer.
 Eg: Window,Linux,Unix & MaC OS
LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR

 A translator is a program that converts source code into

object code.
 Generally, there are three types of translator:

 compilers.

 interpreters.

 assemblers.
COMPILERS
 A compiler is a special program that translates a
programming language's whole source code into
machine code in one go and vice versa. The source code
is typically written in a high-level i.e. human-readable
language such as Java or C++.
INTERPRETERS
 An interpreters is a special program that translates a
programming language's whole source code into
machine code line by line and vice versa. The source
code is typically written in a high-level i.e. human-
readable language such as Java or C++.
ASSEMBLERS
 An assembler is a program that takes basic computer
instructions (Low level language) and converts them
into a pattern of bits that the computer's processor can
use to perform its basic operations.
DEVICE DRIVER
 A driver, or device driver, is a set of files(Programs)
that tells a piece of hardware how to function by
communicating with a computer's operating system.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE

 Application software is computer program that perform

general, specific and computer utilities functions in
computer.
 Application software can be divided into three parts
namely:-

 General application software

 Customized application software

 Utility application software

GENERAL APPLICATION
SOFTWARE

 General application software refers to those application

software which is used by a large section of society for
performing different general work
 Eg : MS office, Google chrome etc.
CUSTOMIZED APPLICATION
SOFTWARE

 Customized application software refers to those

application software which are used to perform a specific
work.
 Eg: IRCTC, Make my trip etc
UTILITY APPLICATION
SOFTWARE

 Utility application software refers to those application

software which are used for smooth functioning of a
computer operations.
 Eg: Antivirus, firewall etc.
WORD PROCESSING
Word Processing refers to the act of using a computer to
create, edit, save and print documents. In order to
perform word processing, specialized software (known
as a Word Processor) is needed. One example of a Word
Processor is Microsoft Word.
SPREADSHEET PACKAGE
 A spreadsheet is a tool that is used to store, manipulate
and analyze data. Data in a spreadsheet is organized in a
series of rows and columns and can be searched, sorted,
calculated and used in a variety of charts and graphs.
 The true power of the spreadsheet is its ability to handle
complex mathematical calculations and automatically
recalculate totals as the underlying data in the sheet
changes.
 Eg: MS Excel
PRESENTATION PACKAGE
 Presentation Software allows display information in the
form of an electronic slide show.
 Slides in a slideshow, can contain text, images, clipart,
graphical representations of data (charts), audio,
animation and videos.
 The Slideshows that are created with presentation
software can be used in a number of ways. Slideshows
can be projected on a screen in order to add visual
elements to a lecture or presentation.
 Eg: MS Power point.
DATA BASE OPERATIONS
 Database operations allow users to easily define,
modify, retrieve, and manage data in real-time. In
database operations we commonly perform following
four task:-

 Creation of data
 Reading of data

 Updating data

 Delete data
THANK YOU