Welcome, Grade 11

Students!
Oral Communication Class
of

JOANNA V. PAALAMAN
TEACHER - 3
•Mind Teaser

•What's Italian for "good bye"?

ARRIVEDERCI
Review
•Different noise that hinders
communication
Motivation
• Call a student in front and ask them both using different
language.
• Comment on the reply or reaction of the 2 students.
 EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
Group work (by strand)
• What do you understand about the passage
“Effective Communication”?
Presentation of Reports
Processing of reports
 What is effective communication?
• Communication is about more than just exchanging
information. It's about understanding the emotion and
intentions behind the information. Effective communication
is also a two-way street. It’s not only how you convey a
message so that it is received and understood by someone
in exactly the way you intended, it’s also how you listen to
gain the full meaning of what’s being said and to make the
other person feel heard and understood.
Skills/techniques to develop to have effective
communication/effective communicator
•
1. Improving communication skills #1: Become an
engaged listener
• 2. Improving communication skills #2: Pay attention
to nonverbal signals
• 3. Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress in
check
• 4. Improving communication skills #4: Assert yourself
Improving communication skills #1: Become an engaged
listener

• People often focus on what they should say, but

effective communication is less about talking and
more about listening. Listening well means not just
understanding the words or the information being
communicated, but also understanding the emotions
the speaker is trying to communicate
Improving communication skills #1: Become an engaged
listener
• There’s a big difference between engaged listening and
simply hearing. When you really listen—when you’re
engaged with what’s being said—you’ll hear the subtle
intonations in someone’s voice that tell you how that
person is feeling and the emotions they’re trying to
communicate. When you’re an engaged listener, not only
will you better understand the other person, you’ll also
make that person feel heard and understood, which can
help build a stronger, deeper connection between you.
Improving communication skills #1: Become an engaged
listener
• There’s a big difference between engaged listening and
simply hearing. When you really listen—when you’re
engaged with what’s being said—you’ll hear the subtle
intonations in someone’s voice that tell you how that
person is feeling and the emotions they’re trying to
communicate. When you’re an engaged listener, not only
will you better understand the other person, you’ll also
make that person feel heard and understood, which can
help build a stronger, deeper connection between you.
 How do you become an engaged listener?
1. Focus fully on the speaker, his or her body language, tone of voice, and
other nonverbal cues. Tone of voice conveys emotion, so if you’re thinking
about other things, checking text messages or doodling, you’re almost certain
to miss the nonverbal cues and the emotional content behind the words
being spoken. And if the person talking is similarly distracted, you’ll be able
to quickly pick up on it. If you find it hard to concentrate on some speakers,
try repeating their words over in your head—it’ll reinforce their message and
help you stay focused.
 How do you become an engaged listener?
2. Favor your right ear. The left side of the brain contains the
primary processing centers for both speech comprehension and
emotions. Since the left side of the brain is connected to the right
side of the body, favoring your right ear can help you better detect
the emotional nuances of what someone is saying. Try keeping your
posture straight, your chin down, and tilting your right ear towards
the speaker—this will make it easier to pick up on the higher
frequencies of human speech that contain the emotional content of
what’s being said.
How do you become an engaged listener?
3. Avoid interrupting or trying to redirect the
conversation to your concerns, by saying something like,
“If you think that’s bad, let me tell you what happened to
me.” Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to
talk. You can’t concentrate on what someone’s saying if
you’re forming what you’re going to say next. Often, the
speaker can read your facial expressions and know that
your mind’s elsewhere.
How do you become an engaged listener?
4. Show your interest in what’s being said. Nod
occasionally, smile at the person, and make sure your
posture is open and inviting. Encourage the speaker to
continue with small verbal comments like “yes” or “uh
huh.”
How do you become an engaged listener?
5. Try to set aside judgment. In order to communicate
effectively with someone, you don’t have to like them or
agree with their ideas, values, or opinions. However, you do
need to set aside your judgment and withhold blame and
criticism in order to fully understand a person. The most
difficult communication, when successfully executed, can
lead to the most unlikely and profound connection with
someone
 How do you become an engaged listener?
6. Provide feedback. If there seems to be a disconnect, reflect what has
been said by paraphrasing. "What I'm hearing is," or "Sounds like you are
saying," are great ways to reflect back. Don’t simply repeat what the speaker
has said verbatim, though—you’ll sound insincere or unintelligent. Instead,
express what the speaker’s words mean to you. Ask questions to clarify
certain points: "What do you mean when you say..." or "Is this what you
mean?"
Improving communication skills #2: Pay attention to nonverbal signals

When we communicate things that we care about, we do so

mainly using nonverbal signals. Nonverbal communication,
or body language, includes facial expressions, body
movement and gestures, eye contact, posture, the tone of
your voice, and even your muscle tension and breathing.
The way you look, listen, move, and react to another person
tells them more about how you’re feeling than words alone
ever can.
Improving communication skills #2: Pay attention to nonverbal signals

Developing the ability to understand and use nonverbal

communication can help you connect with others, express
what you really mean, navigate challenging situations, and
build better relationships at home and work.
• You can enhance effective communication by using
open body language—arms uncrossed, standing with
an open stance or sitting on the edge of your seat, and
maintaining eye contact with the person you’re talking
to.
• You can also use body language to emphasize or
enhance your verbal message—patting a friend on the
back while complimenting him on his success, for
example, or pounding your fists to underline your
message.
Tips for improving how you read nonverbal
communication
1. Be aware of individual differences. People
from different countries and cultures tend to use
different nonverbal communication gestures, so
it’s important to take age, culture, religion, gender,
and emotional state into account when reading
body language signals. An American teen, a
grieving widow, and an Asian businessman, for
example, are likely to use nonverbal signals
differently.
Tips for improving how you read nonverbal
communication
2. Look at nonverbal communication signals as a
group. Don’t read too much into a single gesture or
nonverbal cue. Consider all of the nonverbal signals
you receive, from eye contact to tone of voice to body
language. Anyone can slip up occasionally and let eye
contact slip, for example, or briefly cross their arms
without meaning to. Consider the signals as a whole
to get a better “read” on a person.
 Tips for improving how you deliver nonverbal
communication

1. Use nonverbal signals that match up

with your words. Nonverbal communication
should reinforce what is being said, not
contradict it. If you say one thing, but your
body language says something else, your
listener will likely feel you’re being dishonest.
For example, you can’t say “yes” while
shaking your head no.
 Tips for improving how you deliver nonverbal
communication

2. Adjust your nonverbal signals according

to the context. The tone of your voice, for
example, should be different when you’re
addressing a child than when you’re
addressing a group of adults. Similarly, take
into account the emotional state and cultural
background of the person you’re interacting
with.
 Tips for improving how you deliver nonverbal
communication

3. Use body language to convey positive

feelings even when you're not actually experiencing them. If
you’re nervous about a situation—a job interview, important
presentation, or first date, for example—you can use positive
body language to signal confidence, even though you’re not
feeling it. Instead of tentatively entering a room with your head
down, eyes averted, and sliding into a chair, try standing tall with
your shoulders back, smiling and maintaining eye contact, and
delivering a firm handshake. It will make you feel more self-
confident and help to put the other person at ease.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
• To communicate effectively, you need to be
aware of and in control of your emotions. And
that means learning how to manage stress.
When you’re stressed, you’re more likely to
misread other people, send confusing or off-
putting nonverbal signals, and lapse into
unhealthy knee-jerk patterns of behavior.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
• How many times have you felt stressed during a
disagreement with your spouse, kids, boss, friends, or
coworkers and then said or done something you later
regretted? If you can quickly relieve stress and return to a
calm state, you’ll not only avoid such regrets, but in many
cases you’ll also help to calm the other person as well. It’s
only when you’re in a calm, relaxed state that you'll be able
to know whether the situation requires a response, or
whether the other person’s signals indicate it would be
better to remain silent.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
1. Staying calm under pressure-In situations
such as a job interview, business presentation,
high-pressure meeting, or introduction to a
loved one’s family, for example, it’s important to
manage your emotions, think on your feet, and
effectively communicate under pressure:
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
1. Staying calm under
Tips: a. Use stalling tactics to give
yourself time to think. Have a question
repeated, or ask for clarification of a statement
before responding.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
1. Staying calm under
Tips: b. Pause to collect your
thoughts. Silence isn’t necessarily a bad thing
—pausing can make you seem more in control
than rushing your response.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
1. Staying calm under
Tips: c. Make one point and provide an
example or supporting piece of information. If
your response is too long or you waffle about a
number of points, you risk losing the listener’s
interest. Follow one point with an example and
then gauge the listener’s reaction to tell if you
should make a second point.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
1. Staying calm under
Tips: d. Deliver your words clearly. In
many cases, how you say something can be as
important as what you say. Speak clearly,
maintain an even tone, and make eye contact.
Keep your body language relaxed and open.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
1. Staying calm under
Tips: e. Wrap up with a summary and
then stop. Summarize your response and then
stop talking, even if it leaves a silence in the
room. You don’t have to fill the silence by
continuing to talk.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
When things start to get heated in the middle of a
conversation, you need something quick and immediate to bring
down the emotional intensity. By learning to quickly reduce stress in
the moment, though, you can safely face any strong emotions you’re
experiencing, regulate your feelings, and behave appropriately.
When you know how to maintain a relaxed, energized state of
awareness—even when something upsetting happens—you can
remain emotionally available and engaged.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
To deal with stress during communication:
a. Recognize when you’re becoming stressed. Your body
will let you know if you’re stressed as you communicate.
Are your muscles or your stomach tight and/or sore? Are
your hands clenched? Is your breath shallow? Are you
"forgetting" to breathe?
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
To deal with stress during communication:

b. Take a moment to calm down before

deciding to continue a conversation or
postpone it.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
To deal with stress during communication:
c. Bring your senses to the rescue and quickly manage stress by
taking a few deep breaths, clenching and relaxing muscles, or
recalling a soothing, sensory-rich image, for example. The best way
to rapidly and reliably relieve stress is through the senses: sight,
sound, touch, taste, and smell. But each person responds differently
to sensory input, so you need to find things that are soothing to you.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
To deal with stress during communication:
d. Look for humor in the situation. When used
appropriately, humor is a great way to relieve stress
when communicating. When you or those around
you start taking things too seriously, find a way to
lighten the mood by sharing a joke or amusing story.
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
To deal with stress during communication:
e. Be willing to compromise. Sometimes, if you can both
bend a little, you’ll be able to find a happy middle ground
that reduces the stress levels for everyone concerned. If you
realize that the other person cares much more about
something than you do, compromise may be easier for you
and a good investment in the future of the relationship
 Improving communication skills #3: Keep stress
in check
2. Quick stress relief for effective
communication
To deal with stress during communication:
f. Agree to disagree, if necessary, and take time away from
the situation so everyone can calm down. Take a quick
break and move away from the situation. Go for a stroll
outside if possible, or spend a few minutes meditating.
Physical movement or finding a quiet place to regain your
balance can quickly reduce stress.
Improving communication skills #4: Assert yourself

• Direct, assertive expression makes for clear

communication and can help boost self-esteem and
decision-making. Being assertive means expressing
your thoughts, feelings, and needs in an open and
honest way, while standing up for yourself and
respecting others. It does NOT mean being hostile,
aggressive, or demanding. Effective communication is
always about understanding the other person, not about
winning an argument or forcing your opinions on
others.
Improving communication skills #4: Assert yourself

• To improve assertiveness:
a. Value yourself and your opinions. They are as
important as anyone else’s.
b. Know your needs and wants. Learn to express
them without infringing on the rights of others.
c. Express negative thoughts in a positive way.
It’s OK to be angry, but you must be respectful
as well.
Improving communication skills #4: Assert yourself

• To improve assertiveness:
d. Receive feedback positively. Accept
compliments graciously, learn from your mistakes,
ask for help when needed.
e. Learn to say “no.” Know your limits and don’t let
others take advantage of you. Look for alternatives
so everyone feels good about the outcome.
Developing assertive communication techniques

• Empathetic assertion conveys sensitivity to the other

person. First, recognize the other person's situation or
feelings, then state your needs or opinion. "I know you've
been very busy at work, but I want you to make time for us
as well."
Developing assertive communication techniques

• Escalating assertion can be used when your first

attempts are not successful. You become increasingly firm
as time progresses, which may include outlining
consequences if your needs are not met. For example, "If
you don't abide by the contract, I'll be forced to pursue
legal action."
Developing assertive communication techniques

• Practice assertiveness in lower risk situations to start

with to help build up your confidence. Or ask friends or
family if you can practice assertiveness techniques on them
first.
Practice
• Have a role play on the different techniques
on improving communication skills
Evaluation

• Identify what kind of improving communication

skills/ technique is being shown in a particular
situation. (teacher will give orally the situations)
Assignment

• Read in advance Functions of

Communication.