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    Density and Pressure in Solids and Fluids

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    NGAYINTERANYA Janvier
    Physics lesson that contains the density and pressure in solids and in fluids (Gaz and liquids)

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Density and Pressure in Solids and Fluids

    Uploaded by

    NGAYINTERANYA Janvier
    7 views10 pages
    Physics lesson that contains the density and pressure in solids and in fluids (Gaz and liquids)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Physics lesson that contains the density and pressure in solids and in fluids (Gaz and liquids)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    7 views10 pages

    Density and Pressure in Solids and Fluids

    Uploaded by

    NGAYINTERANYA Janvier
    Physics lesson that contains the density and pressure in solids and in fluids (Gaz and liquids)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    I am NGAYINTERANYA Janvier Physics Teacher

    In this video we are going to discuss about:


    Density and Pressure in Solids and Fluids
    Though this unit we are going to discuss about:
    Definition and units of pressure
    Static fluid pressure
    Atmospheric pressure
    The manometer density measurement methods
    The U-tube Manometer case
    Simple pressure related applications
    End Unit Assessment
    Key unit competence
    At the end of this unit “the learner should be able to
    define pressure and explain factors affecting it”.
    Force exerted by solids
    If the force is concentrated on a small area, it will
    exert higher pressure than if the same force is
    distributed over a larger surface area.
    Definition and units of pressure
    Pressure (symbol “p”) is the force acting normally
    per unit area applied in a direction perpendicular to
    the surface of an object.
    Worked example: A substance has mass of 3kg submitted by
    acceleration of 9m/.
    a) Find the force in Newton. b) What is the pressure of it on a
    square of 4m for a side?
    Solution
    m = 2kg a) Force a) F = m a F = 2Kg x 9m/ = 18N
    a = 9m/ b) pressure b) P = P = = 1.125pa
    Side of square = 4m A= =
    The Pascal (symbol: Pa) is the SI derived unit of pressure. It is a
    measure of force per unit area, equivalent to l Pa ≡ 1 N/. We use a
    manometer to measure pressure in liquids and a barometer to
    measure air pressure.
    Static fluid pressure
    The pressure exerted by a static fluid depends only upon the
    depth of the fluid, the density of the fluid, and the acceleration
    of gravity.
    Static fluid pressure does not depend on the shape,
    total mass, or surface area of the liquid but it
    depends on density and depth only
    The pressure in a static fluid arises from the weight
    of the fluid and is given by the expression:Pressure
    in fluid =

    Where ρ is the density of fluid; g is acceleration of


    gravity; and h is depth of fluid.
    Worked example 1:
    a) Name another quantity, besides depth of a liquid, on
    which variation of pressure in liquids depends.
    b) The density of lake water is 1000kg/. The pressure at a
    point A below the surface of the lake water is 45000Pa.
    Calculate the depth under the point A the surface of the
    lake water.
    Answer
    a. Density
    Pressure= h = = = 4.5m
    Worked example 2:
    Calculate the pressure water exerts at 8m below the below
    the surface of the water in a lake. Assume the density of
    water, and g = 10N/kg.
    Atmospheric pressure
    The atmospheric pressure is the weight exerted by
    the overhead mass of air on a unit area of surface.
    The most commonly used pressure unit is the
    atmosphere (atm) (1atm = 1.013 × Pa) the bar (b) (1
    b = 1 × Pa), the millibar (mb) (1 mb = 100 Pa) and
    the torr. (1 torr = 1 mm Hg = 134 Pa) The use of
    millibars is slowly giving way to the equivalent SI
    unit of hectoPascals. The mean atmospheric pressure
    at sea level is given equivalently as; 1.013 × Pa =
    1013hPa = 1013mb = 1 atm = 760torr.
    Equilibrium of several non-miscible liquids
    In a container, immiscible fluids are superposed according to their
    decreasing relative densities from the lightest to the heaviest. We use
    the funnel method or decanting to separate immiscible liquid e.g.
    mixture of water and paraffin.

    The manometer density measurement methods


    The method can only be used with non-miscible liquids. The
    two liquids are separated by air and never mix (if you are
    careful!). The formula relating the densities and height is:
    S.G = =
    END UNIT ASSESSMENT
    Why do camels or elephants have wide and large feet? Think critically
    and relate this observation by pressure. (5marks)

    2. Why do trucks or lorries that carry heavy loads have so many wheels
    often eighteen? Think critically and relate this observation by pressure.
    (5marks)
    3. a) Define the term pressure. (1mark)
    b) A store exerts a pressure of 500N on a surface. If
    the stone is 0.5kg, calculate the area of stone in
    contact with the surface. (2marks)
    GOOD LUCK!!

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