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    CORRELATION

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    jaykumar14921

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    CORRELATION

    Uploaded by

    jaykumar14921
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    3 views9 pages

    CORRELATION

    Uploaded by

    jaykumar14921

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    ADVANCED INSTRUMENTAL TECHNIQUES – SEMINAR

    TOPIC:-CORRELATION
    PRESENTED BY:- SUBMITTED TO:-
    NAME- SUSHIL HASA
    -ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
    ENROLLMENT NO. -
    COURSE- B. PHARMA
    SEMESTER- 8th
    BATCH- 2020-2024
    Introduction to Correlation

    Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the strength


    and direction of the linear relationship between two variables. It
    helps analysts understand how changes in one variable are
    associated with changes in another.
    What is Range of Correlation Strength of
    Correlation? Correlation values range from Relationship
    Correlation is a statistic -1 to +1, with -1 indicating a The strength of the
    that measures the perfect negative relationship, relationship is indicated by
    degree to which two 0 indicating no relationship, how close the correlation
    variables move in and +1 indicating a perfect value is to -1 or +1.
    relation to each other. positive relationship.
    Types of Correlation

    Positive Correlation Negative Correlation Zero Correlation


    When two variables When one variable When there is no
    increase or decrease increases as the other relationship between
    together. decreases. the two variables.
    Calculating Correlation Coefficient

    Pearson's r Spearman's rho Kendall's tau


    The most common Used for ordinal or Another correlation
    correlation coefficient, ranked data, measures coefficient for ordinal data
    used to measure the the monotonic that measures the
    linear relationship relationship between concordance between two
    between two two variables. rankings.
    continuous variables.
    Interpreting Correlation Coefficient

    + - 0
    Positive Negative Zero
    Variables move Variables move in No relationship
    in the same opposite directions between variables
    direction.
    Assumptions of Correlation Analysis

    Linearity Homoscedasticity Normality


    The relationship The variance of the The variables should be
    between variables residuals should be normally distributed.
    should be linear. constant.
    Limitations of Correlation Analysis

    Causality Sample Size Complex Relationships


    Correlation does not Correlation results can Correlation may not
    imply causation - it only be sensitive to the size capture nonlinear or
    shows the strength of and representativeness multivariate relationships
    the relationship. of the sample. between variables.
    Practical Applications of Correlation

    Market Research Finance Healthcare


    Analyzing relationships Identifying correlations Examining associations
    between consumer between stock prices, between lifestyle factors,
    behaviors, preferences, economic indicators, and disease risks, and
    and demographics. portfolio performance. treatment outcomes.

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