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    Power Factor

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    human.out20

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    Power Factor

    Uploaded by

    human.out20
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views9 pages

    Power Factor

    Uploaded by

    human.out20

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 9

    POWER FACTOR

    Power Factor
     The power factor indicates the portion
    of the current in the system performing
    useful work.
     A power factor of unity (100 percent)
    denotes 100 percent utilization of the
    total current for useful work.
     a power factor of 0.70 shows that only
    70 percent of the current is performing
    useful work.
    Power Factor
     It can be termed as “ The Cosine of angle
    between voltage and current in AC circuit is
    known as Power Factor.”
    I cos Æ
    Æ

    I sin Æ

     Here,
    • I cos Æ = In phase or Useful Component utilized for
    doing work.
    • I sin Æ = Quadrature or Reactive Component utilized for
    creating magnetic field.
    • cos Æ = Power Factor
    Power Factor
     It can also be defined as” The Ratio of True
    Power to the Apparent power.”

     Power Factor = True Power/Apparent power


    or
    COS Æ = KW / KVA
    or
    KW = KVA x COS Æ
    Principle Causes of Low Power
    Factor
     Induction motors of all types particularly
    when they are under loaded.
     Power transformers and voltage
    regulators
     Arc welders
     Induction furnaces and heating coils.
     Choke coils and magnetic systems.
     Fluorescent and discharge lamps, neon
    signs etc.
    Effect of Low Power Factor to
    Consumer
     Overloading of cables and transformers

     Decreased line voltage at point of


    application.

     Inefficient operation of plant, and

     Penal power rates.


    The advantages of high power
    factor
     Reduction in the current.
     Reduction in power cost.
     Reduced losses in the transformers and
    cables.
     Lower loading of transformers, switchgears,
    cables, etc.
     Increased capability of the power system
     Improvement in voltage in voltage conditions
    and apparatus performance, and
     Reduction in voltage dips caused by welding
    and similar equipment.
    Methods of Improving Power
    Factor
     While purchasing High HP motors, motors
    designed to operate at unity power factor
    should be chosen.
     Installation of synchronous Induction motor
    designed to operate with over excited field.
     To take care while ordering for new induction
    motor that they will not work on too lightly
    loaded while in service.
     Installation of a static condenser (Capacitor
    bank) is the very common and easy method
    for improving the power factor.
    Thanks

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