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EPA Five-Year Review
      Process
Former Naval Air Station Moffett Field
 Restoration Advisory Board Meeting


            May 13, 2010


    Alana Lee, EPA Project Manager
          Lee.Alana@epa.gov
2
Purpose of Five-Year Review
To determine whether the Site remedy is
or upon completion will be protective of
human health and the environment.




                                           3
Roles and Responsibilities
Navy’s Role as Lead Agency

• Navy is responsible for conducting and writing
  the Five-Year Review report
• Conducting community involvement activities
• Tracking and implementing issues and
  recommendations identified




                                                   4
EPA’s Role

• EPA reviews the report and provides comments
  including recommendations for follow-up actions
• EPA is responsible for concurring or non-
  concurring on the protectiveness statement
• EPA signs the report or issues a
  concurrence/non-concurrence memo
• EPA maintains authority to determine
  protectiveness statements for ALL sites
  regardless of lead agency
                                                5
Five-Year Review Process
•Notify the community.
• Conduct data and document review.
• Conduct interviews and site inspections
• Identify issues.
• Develop recommendations and follow-up
 actions.
• Develop protectiveness statement.

                                            6
Assessing protectiveness of the remedy

     Question A: Is the remedy functioning as
      intended by the decision documents?




Question B: Are the exposure assumptions, toxicity
data and remedial action objectives used at the time
           of remedy selection still valid?



 Question C: Has any other information come to
     light that could call into question the
         protectiveness of the remedy?
                                                       7
Protectiveness Statements
• Protective - The remedy is protective of human health
  and the environment
• Protective in the Short-Term - The remedy is
  protective of human health and the environment in the
  short-term
• Will be Protective - The remedy will be protective of
  human health and the environment
• Not Protective - The remedy is not protective of human
  health and the environment
• Protectiveness Deferred - The protectiveness of the
  remedy is deferred until further information is obtained
                                                             8
Navy’s Five-Year Review




                          9
Estimated TCE Shallow
     Groundwater Contamination




10
Site 28 Issues                           Follow-up Actions
      Issues and Follow-up Actions
Indoor air sampling has not been         Sample and evaluate unsampled
performed at many of the buildings       buildings within the Vapor Intrusion
within EPA’s Vapor Intrusion Study       Study Area on Moffett Field.
Area

Existing groundwater remedy does         Amend the 1989 Record of Decision
not address the vapor intrusion          for the MEW Study Area to address
pathway.                                 the vapor intrusion pathway.


Potential contaminant sources in         Implement Treatability Study Pilot
former Building 88 area, associated      Tests, consider the results in Site-wide
sewer lines, and the Traffic Island      Feasibility Study, and implement any
Area.                                    recommended actions.

Mass removal efficiency of current       Prepare Site-wide Groundwater
groundwater remedy ineffective. No       Feasibility Study to evaluate alternate
institutional controls for groundwater   technologies to effectively expedite
                                         groundwater cleanup.               11
Protectiveness Statements
• Protective - The remedy is protective of human health
  and the environment
• Protective in the Short-Term - The remedy is
  protective of human health and the environment in the
  short-term
• Will be Protective - The remedy will be protective of
  human health and the environment
• Not Protective - The remedy is not protective of human
  health and the environment
• Protectiveness Deferred - The protectiveness of the
  remedy is deferred until further information is obtained
                                                             12
The Remedy is Not Protective
when:
• An immediate threat is present (e.g., exposure pathways
  that could result in unacceptable risks are not being
  controlled)
• Migration of contaminants is uncontrolled and poses an
  unacceptable risk to human health or the environment
• Potential or actual exposure is clearly present or there is
  evidence of exposure (e.g., institutional controls are not
  in place or not enforced and exposure is occurring) or
• The remedy cannot meet a new cleanup level and the
  previous cleanup level is outside of the risk range

                                                            13
EPA Protectiveness Assessment
• The remedy at Site 28, WATS Area, is NOT protective
  because it does not adequately address the potential
  long-term health risks from TCE from the vapor intrusion
  pathway.

• Remedial actions are necessary to ensure the protection
  of human health.

• The vapor intrusion remedy will be incorporated into the
  overall MEW Site remedy through an Amendment to the
  1989 MEW Record of Decision (ROD).
Follow-up Actions to Ensure the
         Protectiveness of the Remedy

• Finalize the ROD Amendment for the vapor intrusion
  pathway.
• Complete baseline sampling and evaluation of buildings
  within the Vapor Intrusion Study Area
• Implement remedial actions on buildings, as needed.
• Enhance groundwater cleanup efforts by implementing
  facility-specific and Regional optimization plans
• Evaluate and perform treatability studies of alternative
  groundwater cleanup technologies to expedite cleanup.


                                                         15

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Moffett RAB EPA Five-Year Review

  • 1. EPA Five-Year Review Process Former Naval Air Station Moffett Field Restoration Advisory Board Meeting May 13, 2010 Alana Lee, EPA Project Manager Lee.Alana@epa.gov
  • 2. 2
  • 3. Purpose of Five-Year Review To determine whether the Site remedy is or upon completion will be protective of human health and the environment. 3
  • 4. Roles and Responsibilities Navy’s Role as Lead Agency • Navy is responsible for conducting and writing the Five-Year Review report • Conducting community involvement activities • Tracking and implementing issues and recommendations identified 4
  • 5. EPA’s Role • EPA reviews the report and provides comments including recommendations for follow-up actions • EPA is responsible for concurring or non- concurring on the protectiveness statement • EPA signs the report or issues a concurrence/non-concurrence memo • EPA maintains authority to determine protectiveness statements for ALL sites regardless of lead agency 5
  • 6. Five-Year Review Process •Notify the community. • Conduct data and document review. • Conduct interviews and site inspections • Identify issues. • Develop recommendations and follow-up actions. • Develop protectiveness statement. 6
  • 7. Assessing protectiveness of the remedy Question A: Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents? Question B: Are the exposure assumptions, toxicity data and remedial action objectives used at the time of remedy selection still valid? Question C: Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy? 7
  • 8. Protectiveness Statements • Protective - The remedy is protective of human health and the environment • Protective in the Short-Term - The remedy is protective of human health and the environment in the short-term • Will be Protective - The remedy will be protective of human health and the environment • Not Protective - The remedy is not protective of human health and the environment • Protectiveness Deferred - The protectiveness of the remedy is deferred until further information is obtained 8
  • 10. Estimated TCE Shallow Groundwater Contamination 10
  • 11. Site 28 Issues Follow-up Actions Issues and Follow-up Actions Indoor air sampling has not been Sample and evaluate unsampled performed at many of the buildings buildings within the Vapor Intrusion within EPA’s Vapor Intrusion Study Study Area on Moffett Field. Area Existing groundwater remedy does Amend the 1989 Record of Decision not address the vapor intrusion for the MEW Study Area to address pathway. the vapor intrusion pathway. Potential contaminant sources in Implement Treatability Study Pilot former Building 88 area, associated Tests, consider the results in Site-wide sewer lines, and the Traffic Island Feasibility Study, and implement any Area. recommended actions. Mass removal efficiency of current Prepare Site-wide Groundwater groundwater remedy ineffective. No Feasibility Study to evaluate alternate institutional controls for groundwater technologies to effectively expedite groundwater cleanup. 11
  • 12. Protectiveness Statements • Protective - The remedy is protective of human health and the environment • Protective in the Short-Term - The remedy is protective of human health and the environment in the short-term • Will be Protective - The remedy will be protective of human health and the environment • Not Protective - The remedy is not protective of human health and the environment • Protectiveness Deferred - The protectiveness of the remedy is deferred until further information is obtained 12
  • 13. The Remedy is Not Protective when: • An immediate threat is present (e.g., exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are not being controlled) • Migration of contaminants is uncontrolled and poses an unacceptable risk to human health or the environment • Potential or actual exposure is clearly present or there is evidence of exposure (e.g., institutional controls are not in place or not enforced and exposure is occurring) or • The remedy cannot meet a new cleanup level and the previous cleanup level is outside of the risk range 13
  • 14. EPA Protectiveness Assessment • The remedy at Site 28, WATS Area, is NOT protective because it does not adequately address the potential long-term health risks from TCE from the vapor intrusion pathway. • Remedial actions are necessary to ensure the protection of human health. • The vapor intrusion remedy will be incorporated into the overall MEW Site remedy through an Amendment to the 1989 MEW Record of Decision (ROD).
  • 15. Follow-up Actions to Ensure the Protectiveness of the Remedy • Finalize the ROD Amendment for the vapor intrusion pathway. • Complete baseline sampling and evaluation of buildings within the Vapor Intrusion Study Area • Implement remedial actions on buildings, as needed. • Enhance groundwater cleanup efforts by implementing facility-specific and Regional optimization plans • Evaluate and perform treatability studies of alternative groundwater cleanup technologies to expedite cleanup. 15