Lesson 5: Weathering and erosion
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Constructive waves build up the coastline by carrying sediment to shore and depositing it, while destructive waves erode the coastline by removing sediment. Physical processes like weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition are constantly changing the coastline. Erosion wears away rock and sediment by abrasion, attrition and hydraulic action, while weathering breaks rocks through corrosion and wetting/drying. The rate of erosion depends on factors like the rock type, shape of the coastline, and distance waves have traveled.
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- Coastal weathering involves physical, chemical, and biological breakdown of rock, and erosion is the wearing away and transport of material.
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TRUE OR FALSE: The Earth’s surface has stayed the same for thousands of years
FALSE: the Earth’s surface is always changing
EXAMPLE
EROSION & DEPOSITION
EROSION
Is the process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
Sediment – material moved by erosion .
DEPOSITION
Occurs where the agents of erosion lay down sediment.
Mass Movement
Any one of several processes that move sediment downhill.
Different types of Mass Movement
Landslide
- occurs when rock and soil slide quickly down a steep slope.
Different types of Mass Movement
Mudflow
- mudflow is a rapid downhill movement of a mixture of water, rock, and soil.
Different types of Mass Movement
Slump
- a mass of rock and soil suddenly slips down a slope.
Different types of Mass Movement
Creep
- very slow downhill movement of rock and soil.
Water Erosion
Rills and Gullies
Rills
- tiny grooves in the soil.
Gully
- a large groove , or channel, in the soil that carries runoff after a rainstorm
Streams and Rivers
Stream
- a channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope.
River
- a large stream
Amount of Runoff
In an area depends on five main factors:
1st – amount of rain
2nd – vegetation
3rd – type of soil
4th – shape of the land
5th – how people use the land
Erosion by River
Through erosion, a river creates a waterfalls, flood plains, meanders, and oxbow lakes.
Waterfall
May occur where a river meets an area of rock that is very hard and erodes slowly.
Flood plain
Flat, wide area of land along a river.
Meander
A loop like bend in the course of the river
Oxbow lake
A meander that has been cut off from the river.
Deposits by River
Deposition creates landforms such as alluvial fans and deltas. It can also add soil to a river’s flood plain.
Alluvial Fans
A wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range.
Deltas
Sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake.
Groundwater Erosion
Groundwater can cause erosion through a process of chemical weathering.
Stalactite – hangs down from the roof of a cave.
Stalagmite – pointed piece of rock that sticks u p from the floor.
How Water Erode and Carries Sediment
Most sediment washes or falls into the river as a result of mass movement and runoff. Other sediment erodes from the bottom or sides of the river.
Abrasion- is the wearing away of rock by grinding action.
- occurs when particles of sediment in flowing water bumped into the steam again and again.
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Slope
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Streambed Shape
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Is Email Marketing Really Effective In 2024?
Slide 1
Is Email Marketing Really Effective in 2024?
Yes, Email Marketing is still a great method for direct marketing.
Slide 2
In this article we will cover:
- What is Email Marketing?
- Pros and cons of Email Marketing.
- Tools available for Email Marketing.
- Ways to make Email Marketing effective.
Slide 3
What Is Email Marketing?
Using email to contact customers is called Email Marketing. It's a quiet and effective communication method. Mastering it can significantly boost business. In digital marketing, two long-term assets are your website and your email list. Social media apps may change, but your website and email list remain constant.
Slide 4
Types of Email Marketing:
1. Welcome Emails
2. Information Emails
3. Transactional Emails
4. Newsletter Emails
5. Lead Nurturing Emails
6. Sponsorship Emails
7. Sales Letter Emails
8. Re-Engagement Emails
9. Brand Story Emails
10. Review Request Emails
Slide 5
Advantages Of Email Marketing
1. Cost-Effective: Cheaper than other methods.
2. Easy: Simple to learn and use.
3. Targeted Audience: Reach your exact audience.
4. Detailed Messages: Convey clear, detailed messages.
5. Non-Disturbing: Less intrusive than social media.
6. Non-Irritating: Customers are less likely to get annoyed.
7. Long Format: Use detailed text, photos, and videos.
8. Easy to Unsubscribe: Customers can easily opt out.
9. Easy Tracking: Track delivery, open rates, and clicks.
10. Professional: Seen as more professional; customers read carefully.
Slide 6
Disadvantages Of Email Marketing:
1. Irrelevant Emails: Costs can rise with irrelevant emails.
2. Poor Content: Boring emails can lead to disengagement.
3. Easy Unsubscribe: Customers can easily leave your list.
Slide 7
Email Marketing Tools
Choosing a good tool involves considering:
1. Deliverability: Email delivery rate.
2. Inbox Placement: Reaching inbox, not spam or promotions.
3. Ease of Use: Simplicity of use.
4. Cost: Affordability.
5. List Maintenance: Keeping the list clean.
6. Features: Regular features like Broadcast and Sequence.
7. Automation: Better with automation.
Slide 8
Top 5 Email Marketing Tools:
1. ConvertKit
2. Get Response
3. Mailchimp
4. Active Campaign
5. Aweber
Slide 9
Email Marketing Strategy
To get good results, consider:
1. Build your own list.
2. Never buy leads.
3. Respect your customers.
4. Always provide value.
5. Don’t email just to sell.
6. Write heartfelt emails.
7. Stick to a schedule.
8. Use photos and videos.
9. Segment your list.
10. Personalize emails.
11. Ensure mobile-friendliness.
12. Optimize timing.
13. Keep designs clean.
14. Remove cold leads.
Slide 10
Uses of Email Marketing:
1. Affiliate Marketing
2. Blogging
3. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
4. Newsletter Circulation
5. Transaction Notifications
6. Information Dissemination
7. Gathering Feedback
8. Selling Courses
9. Selling Products/Services
Read Full Article:
https://digitalsamaaj.com/is-email-marketing-effective-in-2024/
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Lesson 5: Weathering and erosion
- 3. How physical processes shape the coastline Learning objectives (LO) Describe and explain the difference between constructive and destructive waves. Explain how weathering and erosion affect the coastline.
- 4. Coasts The coastline is in a state of constant change . It is affected by waves, tides and also the weather . Along coasts the processes of erosion , transportation and deposition are always taking place. These processes create many different types of landforms.
- 5. Waves Waves
- 6. Types of Waves What are the differences between these waves?
- 7. Constructive and destructive waves Add the key terms on page 14(brown box) to your key word list Use annotated diagrams to explain: a) constructive waves b) destructive waves
- 8. Erosion , Transportation and Deposition Erosion : The wearing away of the coastline by the power of the sea Transportation : The movement of eroded material by the power of the sea Deposition : When the sea deposits(drops) the eroded material it is carrying(when the sea loses energy) Weathering: The wearing away of the coastline by the action of the weather, plants or chemicals
- 10. Weathering and erosion There are 3 types of erosion: abrasion, attrition and hydraulic action (see key word list) Add these to your key word list using p15 There are 2 types of weathering: Corrosion and Wetting/drying (see key word list) 2. Add these to your key word list
- 11. What affects the rate of erosion? Rock type: Shape of the coastline: Distance waves have travelled Explain the effects of each of these.
- 12. How physical processes shape the coastline Learning objectives (LO) Describe and explain the difference between constructive and destructive waves. Explain how weathering and erosion affect the coastline.
Editor's Notes
- Students need a summary of this
- Read p.14 and look at diagrams on slide.
- Use the diagram to help describe and explain the 4 types of erosion