French

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of language and of degree of contextualization of the speech sample on native-speaker judgments of nonnative language. Two languages from different linguistic families were used: French and Kiswahili. Ten contextualized and ten decontextualized speech samples were drawn from oral interviews conducted and rated by trained raters using procedures outlined by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). Both French and Kiswahili speech excerpts were chosen in such a way that each exemplified the characteristics of the intermediate level according to the ACTFL Guidelines, ensuring that they were relatively homogeneous in terms of fluency, vocabulary, accuracy and language function. Twenty French native speakers from France and twenty Kiswahili native speakers from Tanzania and Kenya listened and rated the pre-recorded speech samples on two major criterion measures: comprehensibility and acceptability. Four linguistic criterion measures were also used to rate the samples; grammar, pronunciation, fluency and vocabulary. Data analysis showed that native-speaker judgments were significantly influenced by the language of the judges, but not by the degree of contextualization. Specifically, Kiswahili native speakers were more lenient in their judgments of nonnative speech than were French native speakers. These findings suggest that linguistic and cultural backgrounds have an important impact on native-speaker perception of nonnative speech. Differences in linguistic and cultural backgrounds constitute important factors which should be taken into consideration for language syllabus designs and oral proficiency guidelines.A subsequent comparison of native-speaker ratings of all criterion measures showed that comprehensibility was rated higher than acceptability and all the linguistic measures. Phonological measures (fluency and pronunciation) were rated the lowest, followed by lexical and syntactic measures. This hierarchy in native-speaker ratings of interlanguage suggests that intermediate learner speech is intelligible to native speakers despite linguistic errors. At this level, language teachers should stress the improvement of learners' pronunciation and fluency.U of I OnlyETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissio

Socialisation theories of professional identity formation (PIF) consider clinical rotations to be critically intense transformative experiences. However, few studies have explored what trainees grapple with during these transformative experiences or their influence on performance. Applying a threshold concepts (TCs) lens, this study investigates and documents 'troublesome' and 'transformative' concepts that junior trainees may encounter during a clinical rotation. Insights gained are essential for supporting trainee development. Constructivist grounded theory was used to guide the collection and analysis of data for this two-phase study. Phase 1 involved direct observation and field interviews with 17 junior trainees over two observation periods and phase 2 involved in-depth interviews with 13 attending physicians. The theory of TCs was used as a sensitising concept. In total, nine TCs were identified and thematically grouped under the headings: Developing as a Profe...

Socialisation theories of professional identity formation (PIF) consider clinical rotations to be critically intense transformative experiences. However, few studies have explored what trainees grapple with during these transformative experiences or their influence on performance. Applying a threshold concepts (TCs) lens, this study investigates and documents 'troublesome' and 'transformative' concepts that junior trainees may encounter during a clinical rotation. Insights gained are essential for supporting trainee development. Constructivist grounded theory was used to guide the collection and analysis of data for this two-phase study. Phase 1 involved direct observation and field interviews with 17 junior trainees over two observation periods and phase 2 involved in-depth interviews with 13 attending physicians. The theory of TCs was used as a sensitising concept. In total, nine TCs were identified and thematically grouped under the headings: Developing as a Profe...

... Matthew Roberson. ... I spent a day in Chicago with Federman once, and we dined in Wicker Park, on the outdoor patio of a neighborhood joint. ... In June, I finally sent Raymond an email; the next day I had a reply: "It's so good to hear from you, and learn that I have a new FAN." He ...

The following conversation took place on 3 December 1994 in Paul Auster's home in Park Slope, Brooklyn, where he lives with his wife, the novelist Siri Hustvedt, their daughter Sophie, and his son from a previous marriage, Daniel.(Daniel, as we shall see, played a ...

René Belletto's most recent published novel, Coda (POL, 2005), takes all the previous genres in which he has worked—thriller, science fiction, experimental fiction, and horror story—and compresses them into a breathless narrative where what is at stake is nothing ...

Alyson Waters: I would like first to ask you about translation and self-translation in general. Then, more specifically, I'd like us to speak about La fourrure de ma tante Rachel (1996), which you wrote in French, and its English translation, or" free transaction," as you call it. ...

The following excerpt from Andre Karatson's" Nouvelle du masque, ou comment traduire le mot-a-mot," translated into French from the Hungarian by Nicole Bagarry, places the figure of the translator front and center; well, not exactly: like all translators, the main character has ...

Alyson Waters: I would like first to ask you about translation and self-translation in general. Then, more specifically, I'd like us to speak about La fourrure de ma tante Rachel (1996), which you wrote in French, and its English translation, or" free transaction," as you call it. ...

L'A. montre comment le probleme de l'actualite trouve une resolution spatiale dans le Discours sur les miseres de ce temps de Ronsard et Les Tragiques de d'Aubigne, et suggere de lire ces Tragiques comme une reponse directe au Discours de Ronsard

Résumé Le premier recueil poétique imprimé en France demeure un chef-d’oeuvre inconnu dans ce sens qu’on ne le lit plus aujourd’hui que dans une version très remaniée (à la fois augmentée et tronquée) qui en détruit la cohérence et en altère le sens. Un examen attentif de la version originale de L’Adolescence Clementine révèle un dessein qui ne sera jamais égalé et une promesse qui ne sera jamais réalisée dans l’oeuvre subséquente de Marot.

Preface List of abbreviations 1. Introduction 2. 'Innamoramento' 3. Tradition 4. Sceve: composer of 'imprese amorose' 5. Precieux poet 6. Oblique art 7. Thematic structure 8. Passion and linguistic control 9. 'Simple' themes 10. Nature and solitude Bibliography Index.