journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research

Article Info ABSTRACT 10.30699/jambs.28.130.291 Background & Objective: Candida species, and most frequently isolated Candida albicans, are normal microorganisms of oral cavities; however, C. albicans is responsible for oral cavities in children with dental caries. As a new biologic technique, using probiotics has gained popularity in preventing and controlling diseases at present. Enterococcus durans has exhibited useful antioxidative properties and antibacterial and probiotic characteristics. This study aims to evaluate the effects of probiotic Enterococcus durans on the in vitro adhesion of Candida albicans. Materials & Methods: Reference bacteria strain of probiotic E. durans (ATCC 6056), C. albicans reference strain (PTCC-5027), and 10 clinical samples of C. albicans were provided. Adherence inhibition of Candida albicans was measured using microtiter plates applying two methods (addition of a mixed suspension of C. albicans and E. durans simultaneously and addition of E. durans 30 minutes before C. albicans). Data were analyzed with a repeated measure model. Statistical significance was set at P-value<0.01. Results: Adhesions of C. albicans biofilms decreased in the presence of the probiotic strain E. durans. Mean OD620 nm was within the range of 0.45 to 0.49, and 0.33 for OD490 nm. Conclusion: Using E. durans as a probiotic could reduce Candida albicans adhesion and, therefore, can be considered as an effective way to decrease its pathogenicity.

thrombolytic therapy, an appropriate treatment option , if primary angioplasty is not available for the treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction patients in the early hours after the onset of the symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the tenecteplase drug vs alteplase  in the treatment of STEMI patients. We searched the PubMed, cochrane library, Web Of Science for safety and clinical effectiveness. we hand searched US, european, and iranian cardiovascular journals. Randomized clinical trials that included comparison TNKase with alteplase drugs alone OR with other drugs in STEMI patients in English, Persian and Korean languages were selected in this study. Two review authors  independently assessed RCTs studies eligibility and quality. Finally, the data were analysis with Review Manager v 5.3. there was no statistically significant difference between tenecteplase and alteplase in risk of 30 day mortality(RR=1.01;95% CI:0.89-1.13, p=0.82).the risk of Reinfarction, cardiogenic shock ,ICH, stroke and minor bleeding were similar in AMI patients treated With both drugs. tenecteplase was associated with a statistically significant reduction total bleeding and major bleeding , Respectively (p=0.0003)and(p=0.0003). tenecteplase in comparison with alteplase is recommended due to the easier use and better safety in reducing the risk of bleeding.
Keywords: Thrombolytic therapy, Acute Myocardial Infarction, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Background and Objectives
Zanjan is reported as the hot spot region of  Brucellosis infection in Iran. This longitudinal study aimed to determine the epidemiologic pattern as well as the risk of Brucellosis using geospatial estimation in Zanjan province.
Materials and Methods
The data used in this study were collected from the Health Center of the cities of Zanjan province during 2012-2017 and after the approval of the disease control unit of the province, entered the study. This longitudinal study was used to determine the annual pattern of the disease and to identify high-risk areas using Moran statistics and then analyzed using the temporal spatial cox model.
Results
The results of the research show that the number of affected people in the province was increased after 2012 and the maximum number was observed from 2013 to 2014, however, from 2015 to 2016 it showed a significant decrease. Spatial variations show that the incidenceof the disease was increased in all areas over the six years. the temporal variations shows that during the years 2012 to 2017 the incidence of brucellosis in spring and summer was higher than other seasons; thereafter the incidence peak was witnessed in Khordad, Tir and Mordad.
Conclusion
The results of this study can be used to determine the starting point of future programs and to evaluate their effectiveness.

Keywords: Brucella Infection, Geospatial, longitudinal, Trend, Iran

Article Info ABSTRACT 10.30699/jambs.28.130.230 Background & Objective: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) represent serious chronic auto-inflammatory conditions, affecting the alimentary tract. The beneficial effect of dexpanthenol has been observed on some inflammatory conditions. Here, the therapeutic potential of combined dexpanthenol and prednisolone in alleviating the symptoms of the animal model of IBD was investigated. Materials & Methods: Luminal instillation of 4% acetic acid (2 ml for each rat) was used to induce IBD. Rats in the treatment groups received dexpanthenol (500 mg/kg), prednisolone (2 mg/kg), or a combination of both (half doses of each drug) by oral gavage for 11 consecutive days. Results: Dexpanthenol could regress the clinical scores of the IBD model more than prednisolone. More importantly, combination therapy with half doses of dexpanthenol and prednisolone caused more considerable improvement in the disease activity index (DAI) compared to IBD rats received monotherapy. Both monotherapies promoted a remarkable decrease in the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of NF-κBp65, as well as the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and TNF-α activity in the inflamed colon. Dexpanthenol could regress the intensity of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and nitric oxide (NO) in the inflamed colon more than prednisolone. More importantly, our results demonstrated that combination therapy resulted in a much more prominent decrease in the level of TNF-α and NF-κBp65, as well as the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total gut protein content, than monotherapy. Conversely, combination therapy resulted in a much more pronounced decrease in NO and MDA levels than those recorded in IBD rats received individual treatment. Finally, the mRNA level of IκBα did not show any remarkable discrepancy between the experimental groups. Conclusion: The combination of dexpanthenol and prednisolone could be used as a promising strategy to alleviate the signs of IBD.

Article Info ABSTRACT 10.30699/jambs.28.130.230 Background & Objective: Allergies are manifested with a variety of signs and symptoms. In this study, the frequencies of asthma symptoms, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and related factors among 6-to 7-year-old schoolchildren were investigated. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among schoolchildren of 35 elementary schools of Zanjan by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire consisting of the following: asthma symptoms, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, sex, weight, height, feeding, paracetamol and antibiotic use, maternal education, physical activity, exposure to pets or farm animals, heavy traffic exposure, and parental tobacco use. Data were gathered and analyzed by SPSS software. Results: In this study, 800 children (383 girls and 417 boys) were recruited. The prevalence of wheezing was 28% (95% Confidence Interval; 27,36), rhinitis 20% (95% CI; 19, 27), and dermatitis 16.8% (95% CI;13.1, 17.5). However, the rates of physician-diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema were 1%, 8.9%, and 4.1%, respectively. The prevalence rates of asthma symptoms and atopic dermatitis were significantly higher in girls than in boys (P=0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). The weight of children with asthma was significantly higher than children without asthma (P=0.01). Conclusion: The frequencies of wheezing, rhinitis, and dermatitis among 6-to 7-year-old children were high. Thus, symptoms and history should be considered for the accurate diagnosis and management of children.