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- ———, and F. Vázquez, 2005, “Any Link Between Legal Central Bank Independence and Inflation? Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean†IMF Working Paper 05/75, (Washington: International Monetary Fund).
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———, E. Schaling, and M. Hoeberichts, 1998, “Central Bank Independence: A Sensitivity Analysis,†European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 14, pp. 73–88.
- ———, P. Miller, and B. Neyapti, 2002, “Central Bank Reform, Liberalization, and Inflation in Transition Economies – An International Perspective,†Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 49, pp. 237–64.
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Carare, A., A. Schaechter, M. Stone, and M. Zelmer, 2002, “Establishing Initial Conditions in Support of Inflation Targeting,†IMF Working Paper 02/102 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).
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- For studies that look at developed countries, see for example the seminal work by Grilli, Masciandaro, and Tabellini (1991) and those by Eijffinger and Schaling (1993), Eijffinger, Schaling, and Hoeberichts (1998), and Brumm (2000). The transition economies have also received some attention (see for example Loungani and Sheets, 1997 and Cukierman, Miller, and Neyapti, 2002). While the influential study by Cukierman (1992) included some Latin American countries as part of a large sample of industrial and developing countries, it covers a time span prior to the 1990s in which the legal reform took place in the region.
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Jácome, 2003, “Independencia Legal de la Banca Central en la América Latina e Inflación,†El Trimestre Económico, Vol. LXX(4), pp. 673–719, Mexico, D.F (OctoberDecember) .
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Lora, E., 2001, “Structural Reforms in Latin America: What Has Been Reformed and How to Measure It,†Research Department Working Paper No. 466, (Washington: Inter-American Development Bank).
Loungani, P., and N. Sheets, 1997, “Central Bank Independence, Inflation, and Growth in Transition Economies,†Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 381–99 (August).
Rogoff, K., 1985, “The Optimal Degree of Commitment to an Intermediate Monetary Target,†Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp. 1169–1190 (November).
Siklos, P., 2002, The Changing Face of Central Banking: Evolutionary Trends Since World War II (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
- The data is obtained from the structural reform index calculated for Latin America by the Inter-American Development Bank. The index incorporates reforms in the trade, tax, financial, and labor spheres, and also includes privatization (see Lora, 2001). For this dummy variable, a value of 1 is assigned in the years when a systemic banking crisis occurred and 0 elsewhere.
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- The specifics of the methodology used in this statistical exercise are similar to those discussed in Jácome and Vázquez (2005) for a sample that also includes the Caribbean countries. This variable takes a value in the range of 0 to 1, with higher variables reflecting deeper structural reforms.
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