- In this article, the comparisons of parameters of S-shaped radiating patch using L-strip feeding for multiband operation. It is proposed that antenna fabricated on foam shows better performance than Bakelite substrate.The antenna is... more
- In this article, the comparisons of parameters of S-shaped radiating patch using L-strip feeding for multiband operation. It is proposed
that antenna fabricated on foam shows better performance than Bakelite substrate.The antenna is first analyzed using software simulation, and
then fabricated on Foam and Bakelite substrates and their characteristics are compared. The resonating modes of S-shaped patch antenna are
obtained between 6 GHz to 45 GHz for foam whereas 2 GHz to 20 GHz for Bakelite. The reflection coefficients and bandwidth of both antennas
are compared and discussed. The geometry is simulated using commercially available IE3D software and the results are measured and tested. It
is found that the agreement between the computed and experimental results was very good.
that antenna fabricated on foam shows better performance than Bakelite substrate.The antenna is first analyzed using software simulation, and
then fabricated on Foam and Bakelite substrates and their characteristics are compared. The resonating modes of S-shaped patch antenna are
obtained between 6 GHz to 45 GHz for foam whereas 2 GHz to 20 GHz for Bakelite. The reflection coefficients and bandwidth of both antennas
are compared and discussed. The geometry is simulated using commercially available IE3D software and the results are measured and tested. It
is found that the agreement between the computed and experimental results was very good.
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The paper proposes soft computing based neural network model for analysis of parameters of ellipsoidal fractal microstrip antenna (EFM Antenna) utilizing wide band applications. Sierpinski Gasket fractal concept is used to design the... more
The paper proposes soft computing based neural network model for analysis of parameters of ellipsoidal fractal microstrip antenna (EFM Antenna) utilizing wide band applications. Sierpinski Gasket fractal concept is used to design the radiating patch with second degree of iterations. The design parameters like minor axis, major axis of ellipse, height of substrate, number of iterations, resonant frequencies, and bandwidth are used for the data collection in designing the model for predicting the efficient values in the design of the proposed antenna. Artificial neural network model is used here for training, testing and validating the sampled data for analysis. The model is trained with 75 data sets and 25 sets for testing purpose. The algorithm used here for this purpose is multilayer perceptron. The result of soft computing model is found in close agreement with the simulated results. Also, the minor and major axis of ellipse for the second iteration of fractals suggest the wide band and multiband operation of the antenna in Ku (12-18 GHz) and K(18-27 GHz) band applications.
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This proposed article demonstrates the loading behaviour of PIN diode on orthogonally coupled rectangular patch antenna (OCRPA). The changes in behaviour of several parameters are seen due to the loading of PIN diodes, such as shifting of... more
This proposed article demonstrates the loading behaviour of PIN diode on orthogonally coupled rectangular patch antenna (OCRPA). The changes in behaviour of several parameters are seen due to the loading of PIN diodes, such as shifting of bands from higher to lower range of frequencies and polarization changes from circular to RHCP (right hand circular polarization). When both PIN diodes are in conduction mode triple band achieved at frequencies 6.84 GHz, 10.81GHz and 15.75 GHz with reflection coefficients -18.41 dB, -31.15 dB and - 15.11 dB respectively.
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The proposed microstrip antenna is designed using fractal concept that operates for Ku-band and K-band applications. The shape of radiating element is Isosceles- Triangle. Fractal concept is used to design the isosceles triangle shaped... more
The proposed microstrip antenna is designed using fractal concept that operates for Ku-band and K-band applications. The shape of radiating element is Isosceles- Triangle. Fractal concept is used to design the isosceles triangle shaped patch antenna and the required Isosceles Triangle Fractal Antenna (ITF- Antenna) is designed. This antenna uses the concept of Von Koch’s snowflake. Koch snowflake concept is based on generating L Euclidian segment which is divided into three segments. The antenna is developed using two iterations geometry. Simulations were carried out using commercially available method of moment based IE3D software. The proposed design is also verified using another methodology HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) based of finite element method. The antenna resonates at 12.31 GHz, 13.18 GHz, 15.21 GHz and 19.7 GHz. Hence, Ku-band [12– 18 GHz] and K-band [18– 27 GHz] is the frequency of operating band under consideration. Also the gain of proposed antenna 5.1613 dB at frequency of 15.21 GHz is achieved. The comparison of return loss versus frequency plot of proposed antenna using both the simulation verified the results.
In this paper a dual overlapped half circular shaped patch with slit antenna design has been proposed. The dimensions of antenna are 29.8 × 25.2 mm2 and substrate thickness 1.6 mm. The performance analysis of designed antenna considering... more
In this paper a dual overlapped half circular shaped patch with slit antenna design has been proposed. The dimensions of antenna are 29.8 × 25.2 mm2 and substrate thickness 1.6 mm. The performance analysis of designed antenna considering parameters such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio, directivity, and radiation pattern has been done using ANSOFT designer HFSS. The antenna has resonating frequencies at (13.44– 14.822) GHz and (16.279- 30) GHz which covers Ku, K and Ka bands. The centre frequency at 14.13 GHz and 23.13 GHz with impedance bandwidth 9.78% and 59.29% and directivity 10.17 dB and 3.6 dB respectively has been achieved in this article.
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This proposed article presents multiband circular ring loop patch antenna (CLPA). The design is simulated using HFSS tool and studied by varying the ground patch size (area). The substrate material FR-4 is used and studied for the... more
This proposed article presents multiband circular ring loop patch antenna (CLPA). The design is simulated using HFSS tool and studied by varying the ground patch size (area). The substrate material FR-4 is used and studied for the frequency range from 1 to 30 GHz in the proposed article. After analysing the effect of change in ground (GND), it is found that multiband characteristics slightly change in terms of S11 (dB) parameter below 20 GHz and above 20 GHz bandwidth increases. The CLPA shows eight to ten resonating frequency bands. Simulated data show −40.98 (dB) reflection coefficient at the frequency 15.88 GHz in design 1; similarly, design 2, design 3, design 4, design 5, and design 6 obtain maximum reflection coefficient −33.76 (dB) at 10.70 GHz, −37.27 (dB) at 27.65 GHz, −36.43 (dB) at 10.70 GHz, −37.08 (dB) at 21.33 GHz, and −29.11 (dB) at 15.35 GHz. The proposed antenna can be applied in numerous wireless applications by selecting different ground size.
A half circular F slot multiband microstrip patch antenna (MSA) with defected ground structure (DGS) presented through this paper. The dimension of proposed antenna is 39.6 × 24.6 × 1.6 mm3 for two different substrate materials (Fr-4... more
A half circular F slot multiband microstrip patch antenna (MSA) with defected ground structure (DGS) presented through this paper. The dimension of proposed antenna is 39.6 × 24.6 × 1.6 mm3 for two different substrate materials (Fr-4 andTeflon). The performance analysis of proposed antenna characteristics such as return loss, VSWR and radiation pattern has simulated using ANSoft HFSS. This antenna has resonated at frequencies 3.4 GHz, 6GHz and 8.25 GHz with impedance bandwidth 2.35%,2.58% and 3.15% respectively lies in S, C and X band for Teflon base substrate, and resonated at frequencies 2.5 GHz, 4.45 GHz, 5.15 GHz and 6.15 GHz operated with impedance bandwidth3.2%, 4.26%, 2.52% and 3.98% in S and C bands respectively for Fr-4 substrate.
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In this paper, E-slot microstrip antenna is explored to obtain multi-band resonance.The proposed design shows three resonance frequencies which pivot on the structure of E-slot in the radiating patch. The frequency range of the proposed... more
In this paper, E-slot microstrip antenna is explored to obtain multi-band resonance.The proposed design shows three resonance frequencies which pivot on the structure of E-slot in the radiating patch. The frequency range of the proposed antenna is between 4–9 GHz. The operating bands are at 4.7, 5.7, 8.4 GHz and is suitable for S, C and X bands. The results are analysed on HFSS simulator.
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Here, a neoteric Fractal Microstrip patch antenna (MSA) has been proposed using Rotated Square Sierpinski Gasket (RSSG) structure. The key contribution of this article is to design a reduced size of MSA using modified Sierpinski gasket... more
Here, a neoteric Fractal Microstrip patch antenna (MSA) has been proposed using Rotated Square Sierpinski Gasket (RSSG) structure. The key contribution of this article is to design a reduced size of MSA using modified Sierpinski gasket structure and to achieve multiband applications. The parametric performance of RSSG fractal antenna has been completed using HFSS simulation software. The antenna resonates at different frequencies at 6.95 GHz, 15.77 GHz, 18.24 GHz, 20.91 GHz and 25.63 GHz bands, respectively. The multiband behavior of the designed antenna is obtained which works well for C-band, Ku- band, and K-band Application. The simulated result shows that the proposed technique outperforms conventional approaches significantly.
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In this article, a modified Koch fractal Antenna for Ku and K-band utilizing satellite application is proposed. The design is based on the conventional microstrip antenna (MSA) and the advantage of fractal concepts. The proposed antenna... more
In this article, a modified Koch fractal Antenna for Ku and K-band utilizing satellite application is proposed. The design is based on the conventional microstrip antenna (MSA) and the advantage of fractal concepts. The proposed antenna is the combination of triangular shape of radiating patch and two iterations Koch snowflake is applied on each side. Modified Koch Antenna used Von Koch's snowflake concept with an additional notch generation in second iteration. Commercially available High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is used here for simulation purpose. The suggested antenna is assembled on FR4 substrate with dielectric constant (εr) 4.4. The antenna covers 12.31 GHz, 13.18 GHz, 15.21 GHz and 19.7 GHz which is useful in uplinking and downlinking of satellite applications.
A circular patch antenna with inset feed notch loaded MSA (Microstrip Antenna) is described in this paper. The Impedance bandwidth of 12.30 GHz (2.315GHz – 14.624 GHz) is obtained with return loss of -29.913dB at 3.067 GHz, -29.856dB at... more
A circular patch antenna with inset feed notch loaded MSA (Microstrip Antenna) is described in this paper. The Impedance bandwidth of 12.30 GHz (2.315GHz – 14.624 GHz) is obtained with return loss of -29.913dB at 3.067 GHz, -29.856dB at 8.986 GHz and -35.401dB at 12.745 GHz frequency. The antenna operates at triple band with acceptable values of VSWR (<2) in S band, X band and Ku band respectively. The proposed antenna is simulated using FEM (Finite Element Method) based simulation HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulation) software.
In this paper, a modified swastika shaped slotted (MSSS) microstrip antenna is designed for multiband and ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The analysis of the proposed microstrip antenna has been analyzed using HFSS simulation software.... more
In this paper, a modified swastika shaped slotted (MSSS) microstrip antenna is designed for multiband and ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The analysis of the proposed microstrip antenna has been analyzed using HFSS simulation software. The multiband behavior of antenna has been achieved for UWB, Ku-band, and K-band applications. The proposed antenna covers almost entire UWB band (3.1–10.6 GHz) useful for commercial purposes such as Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), WiMAX (3.3–3.8 GHz), and WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz) and also useful for Ku-band (12–18 GHz) and K-band (18–27 GHz) applications. The antenna resonates at different frequencies 6.65 GHz, 13.87 GHz, 16.99 GHz, 19.52 GHz, and 27.91 GHz having return loss of −33.785 dB, −12.401 dB, −17.869 dB, −19.313 dB, and −13.267 dB, respectively. Its radiation characteristics show that it has better UWB and multiband performances for wireless applications.
In this paper, we analyze the performance of CDMA system in telecommunication by using cell splitting technique to divide a biggest macro cell into micro, pico and femto cells. We have calculated the processing gain, number of subscribers... more
In this paper, we analyze the performance of CDMA system in telecommunication by using cell splitting technique to divide a biggest macro cell into micro, pico and femto cells. We have calculated the processing gain, number of subscribers requesting for service within each type of cell, user-transmitted in-band signal power to achieve desired SNR, probability that a call attempt fails and also compared the results by simulating their equations using MATLAB simulation software.
ABSTRACT This article is based on dual fractal techniques to design the Koch–Sierpinski Fractal Microstrip (KSFM) antenna for wireless applications. The concept of the Koch fractal is applied on the outer periphery of the square-shaped... more
ABSTRACT This article is based on dual fractal techniques to design the Koch–Sierpinski Fractal Microstrip (KSFM) antenna for wireless applications. The concept of the Koch fractal is applied on the outer periphery of the square-shaped patch and Sierpinski gasket concept on the inner segment of the square-shaped patch to reduce the effect of surface currents. The antenna design involves two degrees of iteration using dual fractal techniques. The antenna is simulated using HFSS software and fabricated. The measurements of antenna parameters are done using a vector network analyser (VNA). The proposed antenna covers multiband resonant frequencies of 5.699 GHz, 10.108 GHz, 11.100 GHz, 15.812 GHz and 17.621 GHz for C-band (4–8 GHz), X-band (8–12 GHz) and Ku-band (12–18 GHz) applications. The antenna achieved better bandwidth at high range of frequencies. Three different substrates were chosen to compare the results of the proposed antenna (Fr4, Rogers RO 4003 and Rogers Ultralam) with the Fr4 substrate achieving the best results. The simulation agreed well with those obtained experimentally.
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Abstract In this paper, the slot loaded microstrip antenna has been developed with Sierpinski gasket technique. The proposed Modified Square Sierpinski Gasket (MSSG) fractal antenna involves a square patch utilizing Sierpinski gasket... more
Abstract In this paper, the slot loaded microstrip antenna has been developed with Sierpinski gasket technique. The proposed Modified Square Sierpinski Gasket (MSSG) fractal antenna involves a square patch utilizing Sierpinski gasket (triangular) structure. Four triangular slots are loaded at each iteration. The structure is then simulated using commercially available Ansoft HFSS simulator. The multi-band operation has been achieved by the proposed antenna at 15.915 GHz, 20.045 GHz, 23.077 GHz, 27.77 GHz frequencies with −20 dB, −25 dB, −22 dB, −28 dB return loss respectively which works well for Ku (12–18 GHz) and K (18–27 GHz) band. The consistent result is obtained after simulation and the validity of fabricated design is checked by the measured result. The designed antenna is an attractive candidate for applications like wireless multi-band communication systems.