Kathleen Mathieson
A.T. Still University, Doctor of Health Sciences, Faculty Member
- Please see my ResearchGate profile for complete publication information: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kathleen_Mathiesonedit
Research Interests: Health Care, Medical Education, Interprofessional Education, Medicine, Curriculum, and 15 moreFaculty, Humans, Female, Male, Attitude, Workforce, Middle Aged, Adult, Patient Care Team, Curriculum and Pedagogy, Interdisciplinary Communication, Medicine and Health Sciences, Self report, Physician Assistant Education, and Physician Assistants
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One-year outcomes of older adults referred for community aging and mental health services through the Gatekeeper Model were examined in this study. Outcomes included level of social, physical, psychological, and economic isolation,... more
One-year outcomes of older adults referred for community aging and mental health services through the Gatekeeper Model were examined in this study. Outcomes included level of social, physical, psychological, and economic isolation, physical health problems, service need, and service utilization. Findings indicate that individuals referred by gatekeepers were more likely to live alone and to be socially isolated but less likely to have physical health problems. They were also less likely to have a physician at referral, but at 1 year this difference was not found. Cognitive problems had a significant impact on the lives of clients referred by gatekeepers at referral but not after one year. At referral, those referred by gatekeepers had greater service needs, but after 1 year they did not use more services than those referred by other sources. Implications of these findings are discussed. The findings from this study indicate that the adoption of the Gatekeepers model does not result in high service utilization. The Gatekeeper model is inexpensive to implement and can benefit communities through increased collaboration among service providers.
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Research Interests: Gastroenterology, Hepatitis C, Hepatology, Biopsy, Antiretroviral Therapy, and 15 moreHumans, Internal Medicine, Liver Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Clinical Sciences, European, Fatty Liver, Adult, Biological markers, Cirrhosis, Cross Sectional Studies, Drug Induced Liver Injury, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Alanine Transaminase, and HIV infections
Research Interests: Computer Science, Perception, Statistics, Educational Technology, Distance Education, and 11 moreAction Research, Mathematics Education, Multimedia, Computer Mediated Communication, Surveys, Education Systems, Comparative Analysis, Online Courses, Questionnaires, Student Perception, and Large classes
Objectives: This paper explores the relationship between speech therapy intensity and parent satisfaction with speech therapy (ST) in children with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (P-MS), a rare genetic disorder.Methods: ST intensity (ST Dose... more
Objectives: This paper explores the relationship between speech therapy intensity and parent satisfaction with speech therapy (ST) in children with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (P-MS), a rare genetic disorder.Methods: ST intensity (ST Dose [minutes per session]) × (ST Dose Frequency) × (ST Length [years]) and parent satisfaction (modified PSQ-18) with ST were measured by online questionnaire. Non-parametric correlation, partial correlation, and linear regression calculations were performed.Results: Significant correlations between ST Dose and parent satisfaction were observed in the subscales of Time Spent with ST (r = .36, p < .05) and Accessibility and Convenience (r = .40, p < .05) in children with P-MS controlling for child age. ST Dose was also a significant independent predictor of parent satisfaction with ST in specific subscales.Conclusion: Significant positive correlation and linear regression results indicate increases in ST Dose (minutes per session) represent a mechanism for increasing parent satisfaction with ST in children with P-MS.
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Research Interests: Gerontology, Self Care, Medicine, Activities of Daily Living, Humans, and 15 moreUnited States, Female, Male, The, Income, Health Status, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Health Expenditures, Geriatric Assessment, Multinomial Logistic Regression, Household Articles, Logistic Models, Personal autonomy, and Medicare Part B
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Patients with complex medical conditions require collaboration among multiple health care providers, and dental hygienists must be prepared to communicate effectively with medical providers to provide comprehensive quality patient care.... more
Patients with complex medical conditions require collaboration among multiple health care providers, and dental hygienists must be prepared to communicate effectively with medical providers to provide comprehensive quality patient care. The aim of this study was to assess U.S. dental hygiene students&#39; attitudes about interprofessional collaboration (IPC) and identify any differences based on age, year in program, and program location. Participants were limited to students enrolled in dental hygiene associate degree programs across the United States. In response to an email soliciting participation sent to all dental hygiene program directors, 504 students completed the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) online (response rate could not be calculated). The IEPS is a validated survey that measures attitudes about interprofessional collaboration. The majority of the respondents were female (97%) and under 30 years of age (74.6%). Their mean scores indicated positive attitudes about IPC. There were no statistically significant differences in scores by age (p=0.700) or program location (p=0.527). There were also no statistically significant differences between first- and second-year students for total mean scores (p=0.106); for the competency and autonomy subscale (p=0.125); and for the perception of actual cooperation subscale (p=0.890). There was a statistically significant difference between first- and second-year students on the perception of actual cooperation subscale, with first-year students scoring higher than second-year students (p=0.016). This study&#39;s findings of positive attitudes about IPC and that age and program location had little bearing on the responses suggest that associate degree dental hygiene students may welcome the interprofessional education that will prepare them for practice in the future.
Research Interests: Dentistry, Perception, Family Medicine, Interprofessional Education, Medicine, and 14 moreDental Education, Humans, United States, Female, Male, Young Adult, Hygiene, Adult, Dental Hygiene, Curriculum and Pedagogy, Dental Students, Dental Hygienists, Surveys and Questionnaires, and interprofessional relations
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Clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostic procedures hope to establish high values for both sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity is the probability of a positive test, given the presence of the disease, while... more
Clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostic procedures hope to establish high values for both sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity is the probability of a positive test, given the presence of the disease, while specificity is the probability of a negative test, given the absence of the disease. 1,2 A diagnostic test that is both sensitive and specific is thus likely to give the correct result in either the presence or the absence of the disease. In other words, it will minimize the chance of both a false negative (when a disease is present) and a false positive (when the disease is not present). The terms “sensitivity” and “specificity” are misleading and often misinterpreted. The natural inclination is to conclude that a highly sensitive test is effective at identifying those with the disease, and a highly specific test is effective at identifying those without the disease. Counterintuitively, the reverse is true. A highly sensitive test is effective at ruling out the disease, while a highly specific test is effective at ruling in the disease. To help remember this, Sackett and colleagues 3 developed the following acronyms: SnNout (“snout”) is the mnemonic for: “If a test has high Sensitivity, a Negative result helps rule out the disease.” In other words, if a patient actually does have the disease, we would expect a highly sensitive test to be positive. Therefore, when a highly sensitive test is negative, we can confidently rule out the disease. SpPin (“spin”) is the mnemonic for: “If a test has a high Specificity, a Positive result helps rule in the disease.” In other words, if a patient actually does not have the disease, we would expect a highly specific test to be negative. Therefore, when a highly specific test is positive, we can confidently rule in the disease. Table 1. Sensitivity and Specificity
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Purpose. Results of a study comparing pain control outcomes with preoperative oral versus intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen use in adults undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty are reported. Methods. A single‐center, randomized,... more
Purpose. Results of a study comparing pain control outcomes with preoperative oral versus intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen use in adults undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty are reported. Methods. A single‐center, randomized, placebo‐controlled, equivalence trial was conducted. Patients were assigned (1:1) to receive 2 500‐mg capsules of acetaminophen before surgery, with an i.v. placebo infusion during surgery (the oral group), or 2 oral placebo capsules followed by an i.v. infusion of acetaminophen 1,000 mg/100 mL (the i.v. group). Patients were followed after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission up to 24 hours postoperatively. Results. Among 486 patients included in a modified intention‐to‐treat analysis (mean ± S.D. age, 66.3 ± 9.4 years), there were no significant differences in preoperative and intraoperative use of pain medication between the oral and i.v. groups. Postoperative opioid use in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) was equivalent in the oral and i.v. groups (i.e., the mean difference in median MME values was within the prespecified equivalence margin), with no significant between‐group differences in mean pain scores over 24 hours. Conclusion. In patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, oral acetaminophen given preoperatively was equivalent to i.v. acetaminophen administered in the operating suite in controlling pain in the immediate postoperative period. I.V. acetaminophen was not superior to oral acetaminophen in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting, time to ambulation, time to first dose of as‐needed pain medication, length of PACU stay, or total length of hospital stay.
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Clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostic procedures hope to establish high values for both sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity is the probability of a positive test, given the presence of the disease, while... more
Clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostic procedures hope to establish high values for both sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity is the probability of a positive test, given the presence of the disease, while specificity is the probability of a negative test, given the absence of the disease. 1,2 A diagnostic test that is both sensitive and specific is thus likely to give the correct result in either the presence or the absence of the disease. In other words, it will minimize the chance of both a false negative (when a disease is present) and a false positive (when the disease is not present). The terms “sensitivity” and “specificity” are misleading and often misinterpreted. The natural inclination is to conclude that a highly sensitive test is effective at identifying those with the disease, and a highly specific test is effective at identifying those without the disease. Counterintuitively, the reverse is true. A highly sensitive test is effective at ruling...
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Research Interests: Obstetrics, Adolescent, Medicine, Logistic Regression, Biopsy, and 15 moreMultivariate Analysis, Humans, Female, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Age Factors, Cryosurgery, Electrosurgery, Ambulatory Surgical Procedures, Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Logistic Models, Confidence Interval, Cohort Studies, and Neoplasm staging
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences in quality of life (QoL) between two groups of pediatric sickle cell patients: those who used hydroxyurea and those who chose not to use the medication to treat sickle cell disease.... more
The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences in quality of life (QoL) between two groups of pediatric sickle cell patients: those who used hydroxyurea and those who chose not to use the medication to treat sickle cell disease. The study was a quantitative, non-randomized, cross-sectional, comparative study. In total, 100 children ages seven to 17 participated in the study. Parents of the patients completed a demographic questionnaire while the participants completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds QoL) and Sickle Cell Disease Quality of Life Inventory (SCD QoL). The Ped QoL regression analysis revealed that hydroxyurea use and parental marital status accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in Ped QoL. The SCD QoL regression analysis also revealed that hydroxyurea and age accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in SCD QoL. Finally, the regression analysis revealed that SCD, parental marital status, parental income, sex, age, race and number of siblings did not account for a significant proportion of the variance in SCD crises per year. This paper proved a need to study the differences in QoL between those pediatric patients who used hydroxyurea and those who did not use the medication.
Research Interests: Pain, Sickle Cell Anemia, Quality of life, Adolescent, Medicine, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Female, Disease, Male, Health and Safety, Public health systems and services research, Analysis of Variance, Age Factors, Hydroxyurea, Medical Records, Cross Sectional Studies, Marital Status, Socioeconomic Factors, and Family Characteristics
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The increasing prevalence and risk of complications from diabetes necessitate patient participation and attentiveness to select appropriate foods, perform regular physical activity, and be active in diabetes management and... more
The increasing prevalence and risk of complications from diabetes necessitate patient participation and attentiveness to select appropriate foods, perform regular physical activity, and be active in diabetes management and self-maintenance. Diabetes is often largely asymptomatic; consequently, early diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Inmates are a unique population challenged by the increased prevalence of chronic conditions including diabetes. Diabetes standards for inmates contain diagnostic and treatment management guidelines that incorporate personal glucose monitoring for insulin users. In December 2009, the Federal Bureau of Prisons initiated a program to distribute glucose meters to insulin-dependent inmates to facilitate self-monitoring blood glucose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of these glucose meters on hemoglobin A1c levels.
Research Interests: Health Behavior, Self Care, Self Monitoring, Medicine, Prisons, and 15 morePopulation, Humans, Insulin, Diabetes mellitus, Male, Diabetes Management, Aged, Prevalence, Middle Aged, Adult, Asymptomatic, Self monitoring of blood glucose, Correctional Health Care, Blood Glucose Monitoring, and Socioeconomic Factors
Research Interests: Organizational Behavior, Health Sciences, Nursing, Psychometrics, Organizational Culture, and 15 morePatient Safety, Instrumentation and Measurement Science, Peru, Accreditation and Quality Assurance, Medicine, Safety Culture, Latin America, Nursing Research, Clarity, Cross cultural studies, Cross Cultural Research, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Instrument Validation, Instrument translation, and Hospital Survery on Patient Safety Culture
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This study assessed factors impacting practice selection among primary care and specialty physician assistants (PAs). Certified PAs randomized by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA) (30,000) were... more
This study assessed factors impacting practice selection among primary care and specialty physician assistants (PAs). Certified PAs randomized by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA) (30,000) were surveyed, with 2,020 responses (RR = 6.7%). Results showed that factors influencing primary care and specialty selection differ. Increasing reimbursements may not increase selection of primary care by PAs.
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Objective We sought to determine the frequency, reasons for, and factors associated with energy drink consumption in adolescents with or without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Design Anonymous surveys were completed by... more
Objective We sought to determine the frequency, reasons for, and factors associated with energy drink consumption in adolescents with or without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Design Anonymous surveys were completed by 115 adolescents and their parents prior to appointments at two separate outpatient clinics (pediatric and psychiatric) over a three-month period. Trained staff provided surveys to be completed by adolescents and their parents on a voluntary basis, and all data was self-reported. Care was given to ensure adolescents and their parents completed surveys independently from each other. Results A total of 114 adolescent surveys and 100 parent surveys were included in analysis. There was a statistically significant association between parent and adolescent consumption of energy drinks. The mean number of energy drinks consumed in the past month was lower among adolescents than among parents. The most common reason among all respondents for energy drink cons...
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The increase in online learning has led to research comparing student outcomes in online and face-to-face (FTF) statistics courses. This systematic review presents an analysis of studies comparing student achievement and student... more
The increase in online learning has led to research comparing student outcomes in online and face-to-face (FTF) statistics courses. This systematic review presents an analysis of studies comparing student achievement and student satisfaction in statistics courses taught online to those taught FTF. Multiple databases, conference programs, and bibliographies from selected articles were searched. Among the 411 studies identified, 13 met inclusion criteria. Student achievement was generally similar between online and FTF methods, but results on student satisfaction were inconclusive. Studies comparing online and FTF statistics courses are characterized by considerable methodological limitations. Instructors teaching statistics online would benefit from future research that is grounded in sound methodology, that is informed by past research and theory, and that examines specific ways to improve learning in an online environment.
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Research Interests: Nursing, Nonparametric Statistics, Personality Assessment, Medicine, Medical Students, and 15 moreHumans, Female, Male, Graduate medical education, Family Relations, Parents, Questionnaires, Career Choice, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Retrospective Studies, Rural Health Services, Cross Sectional Studies, Predictive value of tests, and Professional Practice Location
Purpose. Results of a study comparing pain control outcomes with preoperative oral versus intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen use in adults undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty are reported. Methods. A single‐center, randomized,... more
Purpose. Results of a study comparing pain control outcomes with preoperative oral versus intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen use in adults undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty are reported. Methods. A single‐center, randomized, placebo‐controlled, equivalence trial was conducted. Patients were assigned (1:1) to receive 2 500‐mg capsules of acetaminophen before surgery, with an i.v. placebo infusion during surgery (the oral group), or 2 oral placebo capsules followed by an i.v. infusion of acetaminophen 1,000 mg/100 mL (the i.v. group). Patients were followed after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission up to 24 hours postoperatively. Results. Among 486 patients included in a modified intention‐to‐treat analysis (mean ± S.D. age, 66.3 ± 9.4 years), there were no significant differences in preoperative and intraoperative use of pain medication between the oral and i.v. groups. Postoperative opioid use in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) was equivalent in the oral and i.v. groups (i.e., the mean difference in median MME values was within the prespecified equivalence margin), with no significant between‐group differences in mean pain scores over 24 hours. Conclusion. In patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, oral acetaminophen given preoperatively was equivalent to i.v. acetaminophen administered in the operating suite in controlling pain in the immediate postoperative period. I.V. acetaminophen was not superior to oral acetaminophen in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting, time to ambulation, time to first dose of as‐needed pain medication, length of PACU stay, or total length of hospital stay.
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The increasing prevalence and risk of complications from diabetes necessitate patient participation and attentiveness to select appropriate foods, perform regular physical activity, and be active in diabetes management and... more
The increasing prevalence and risk of complications from diabetes necessitate patient participation and attentiveness to select appropriate foods, perform regular physical activity, and be active in diabetes management and self-maintenance. Diabetes is often largely asymptomatic; consequently, early diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Inmates are a unique population challenged by the increased prevalence of chronic conditions including diabetes. Diabetes standards for inmates contain diagnostic and treatment management guidelines that incorporate personal glucose monitoring for insulin users. In December 2009, the Federal Bureau of Prisons initiated a program to distribute glucose meters to insulin-dependent inmates to facilitate self-monitoring blood glucose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of these glucose meters on hemoglobin A1c levels.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences in quality of life (QoL) between two groups of pediatric sickle cell patients: those who used hydroxyurea and those who chose not to use the medication to treat sickle cell disease.... more
The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences in quality of life (QoL) between two groups of pediatric sickle cell patients: those who used hydroxyurea and those who chose not to use the medication to treat sickle cell disease. The study was a quantitative, non-randomized, cross-sectional, comparative study. In total, 100 children ages seven to 17 participated in the study. Parents of the patients completed a demographic questionnaire while the participants completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds QoL) and Sickle Cell Disease Quality of Life Inventory (SCD QoL). The Ped QoL regression analysis revealed that hydroxyurea use and parental marital status accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in Ped QoL. The SCD QoL regression analysis also revealed that hydroxyurea and age accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in SCD QoL. Finally, the regression analysis revealed that SCD, parental marital status, parental income, sex, age, race...
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Sampling methods have important implications for the quality of research results. Ideally, a clinical research study could draw on a database of all potentially eligible patients. However, clinical studies are usually limited to... more
Sampling methods have important implications for the quality of research results. Ideally, a clinical research study could draw on a database of all potentially eligible patients. However, clinical studies are usually limited to interested patients drawn from site populations and advertising programs, a small fraction of the total population that may, further, be biased in a variety of ways. Nevertheless, this column will discuss three variations on the ideal case as a baseline for the next column, which will deal with the real world of clinical research.
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Clinical studies are typically designed to compare the effectiveness of a medical treatment vs. a control, i.e., a placebo or a different treatment. Ideally, the results will show a distinct, positive advantage for the experimental... more
Clinical studies are typically designed to compare the effectiveness of a medical treatment vs. a control, i.e., a placebo or a different treatment. Ideally, the results will show a distinct, positive advantage for the experimental treatment. The study requires a large enough sample size to reveal the difference between the two groups (“power”), given the natural variability among people and other variability: sampling and measurement errors. The types and sources of variability have a direct impact on many statistical tests. Researchers are most interested in the variability between study groups. This betweengroup variability represents the differences that are attributable to the intervention under investigation. The other source of variability is within-group variability — the “spread” of scores within each study group. We can think of this variability as statistical noise; the greater it is, the more difficult it is for us to detect the signal of whether the intervention under s...
Background: Barcode medication administration (BCMA) has been widely implemented in the inpatient setting of hospitals throughout the United States, resulting in lower medication administration errors. Understanding nurses’ attitudes... more
Background: Barcode medication administration (BCMA) has been widely implemented in the inpatient setting of hospitals throughout the United States, resulting in lower medication administration errors. Understanding nurses’ attitudes toward BCMA in the Emergency Department (ED) may assist administrators with creating implementation strategies that will improve medication administration process turnaround time and remove barriers to use ensuring increased compliance and improved patient safety. Methods: The aim of this descriptive research study was to identify Emergency Department nurses’ attitudes towards acceptance of this technology, based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Data collection was carried out using an online, cross-sectional survey of nurses (n=55) who were members of the National Emergency Nurses Association of Canada. Results: The results demonstrated that two-thirds of those surveyed had approximately one year of experience with usi...
Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative comparative study was to examine possible relationship between nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and cardiac disorder risk by comparing the rates of cardiac disorder risk of NRT with cardiac... more
Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative comparative study was to examine possible relationship between nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and cardiac disorder risk by comparing the rates of cardiac disorder risk of NRT with cardiac disorder risk of non-replacement drugs among smokers seeking smoking cessation. Methods: The study used retrospective quantitative design, which involved collection of secondary data from U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)’s adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database. Rates of cardiac disorder were compared between the NRT group and nonNRT (varenicline and bupropion) group. Statistical analyses involved using 2x2 contingency table and logistic regression to calculate odds ratio (reporting odds ratio (ROR)). Results: Unadjusted ROR was 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28, 0.70). With age and sex confounder adjusted, the smokers in NRT group still had lower odds of having cardiac disorder risk than non-NRT group (adjusted ROR=0.44, 95% CI 0.2...
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Due to the shortage of occupational therapists (OTs) in Haiti and over 800,000 individuals with disabilities, most occupational therapy assessments and interventions are provided by OTs on short-term medical missions (STMMs). Learning... more
Due to the shortage of occupational therapists (OTs) in Haiti and over 800,000 individuals with disabilities, most occupational therapy assessments and interventions are provided by OTs on short-term medical missions (STMMs). Learning which methods OT use to provide assessments and interventions during these STMMs is the first step to understanding how to facilitate follow-up and carry-over for clients and ensure longevity for STMMs in Haiti. This study used a cross-sectional, descriptive design to gather data on methods used by OTs. Thirty-three OTs, who travelled to Haiti on STMMs, completed a 16-question, online survey. The most common method provided by OTs was education to patients, caregivers, and local providers. Training of Haitian rehabilitation technicians was also prevalent. There was an association between the years of the OTs’ clinical experience and the effort of OTs to train local providers, but this result was not statistically significant. Further research should be...
