Gastroenterology

ABSTRAK
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mandala Waluya Kendari
Program Studi Farmasi
Skripsi Penelitian,  September 2020
BORIS YASIN (F201601082)
“UJI EFEKTIVITAS GASTROPROTEKTIF EKSTRAK DAUN LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata) PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI ASPIRIN”
Pembimbing I : apt. Jastria Pusmarani, S.Farm. M.Sc.
Pembimbing II : apt. Citra Dewi, S.Farm. M.Farm.
(xii + 86 Halaman + 5 Gambar + 6 Tabel + 9 Lampiran)

Di Indonesia Angka kejadian gastritis menurut World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2017 cukup tinggi yaitu 274.396 kasus dari 283.452.952 jiwa penduduk. Efek samping dari penggunaan obat antiinflamasi non steroid (OAINS) menjadi 20% penyebab dari ulkus peptikum dan akan meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia. Pengobatan ulkus peptikum hingga saat ini menggunakan obat sintetik yang memiliki beberapa efek samping sehingga diperlukan pengobatan alternatif seperti pengobatan herbal. Daun labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, tanin, alkaloid yang mampu melindungi mukosa lambung. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas gastroprotektif ekstrak daun labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) pada tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang  diinduksi aspirin.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik laboratorium. Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi. Pengujian efek gastroprotektif menggunakan 18 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol normal (Na.CMC 0,5%), kelompok kontrol positif (Omeprazole 20 mg/kgBB), kelompok kontrol induksi (Aspirin 300 mg/kgBB), kelompok (Dosis ekstrak 100 mg/kgBB), kelompok (Dosis ekstrak 200 mg/kgBB), dan kelompok (Dosis ekstrak 300 mg/kgBB). Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis dan Mann Whitney untuk mengetahui perbedaan tiap kelompok.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya efek gastroprotektif ekstrak daun labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) pada Dosis ekstrak 300 mg/kgBB dengan nilai P signifikan 0,037  <  0,05 yang sebanding dengan kelompok kontrol positif.

Kata Kunci : Gastroprotektif, Aspirin, Daun labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata).
Daftar Pustaka : 33 (2001-2018)

Textbook in Internal medicine consists of 37 chapters. This textbook is made up of text material and enough illustrations, including clinical findings and schematic figures. The textbook is intended for English-speaking students of medical and pharmaceutical faculties of higher educational establishments of Ukraine.

Підручник з внутрішньої медицини складається з 37 розділів. Містить текстові матеріали та достатньо ілюстрацій, у тому числі клінічні матеріали та схематичні рисунки. Підручник призначений для англомовних студентів медичних та фармацевтичних факультетів вищих навчальних закладів України.

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA in both sexes. Early diagnosis is difficult and the overall mortality rate is high. Individuals at high risk for pancreatic cancer include smokers, and persons with all forms of chronic alcoholic, metabolic, tropical or hereditary pancreatitis. The duration of exposure to inflammation seems to be the major factor involved in the transition from benign to malignant condition. Smoking, which appears to further accelerate the carcinogenic transformation, remains the strongest risk factor amenable to preventive intervention.

Background Patients with liver cirrhosis experience a large variety of metabolic disorders associated with more hepatic decompensation. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant complication in liver cirrhosis patients, presenting a wide spectrum of neuropsychological symptoms. A deficiency of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in the general population is associated with a loss of cognitive function, dementia, and Alzheimer&#39;s disease. Aim of the Study. Our study aims to check the relationship between low serum 25-OHD and HE in patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and assess its link with patient mortality. Patients and Methods. This study was observationally carried out on 100 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A—included 50 HCV-related cirrhotic patients with HE, and Group B—included 50 HCV-related cirrhotic patients without HE. Assessment of disease severity using the end-stage liver disease (MELD) model and Child Turc...

Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is aimed at suppressing viral replication to the lowest possible level, and thereby to halt the progression of liver disease and prevent the onset of complications. Two categories of drugs are used in HBV therapy: the interferons, including standard interferon alfa or pegylated interferon alfa, and specific nucleoside or nucleotide HBV inhibitors that target the reverse-transcriptase function of HBV-DNA polymerase. The reported results of clinical trials have used varying definitions of efficacy, failure, and resistance based on different measures of virologic responses. This article discusses HBV virologic markers and tests, and their optimal use both for planning and reporting clinical trials and in clinical practice.

Gastrointestinal motility disorders are often present in diabetic patients. Even if this problem has been attributed to autonomic neuropathy, the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible are not completely defined. Aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of eradication of small-intestine bacterial overgrowth on oro-cecal transit time in diabetic patients in order to identify a possible role of bacterial overgrowth on dysmotility. We selected among 74 diabetic patients who underwent H2-lactulose breath test, 21 subjects (13M, 8F, mean age 43.7 years, 11 with type 1 and 10 with type 2 diabetes) affected by bacterial overgrowth and delayed oro-cecal transit time and with normal cardiovascular autonomic test. Patients were treated with rifaximin and underwent a control breath test. Data were analyzed using paired-data t-test. Three patients still showed bacterial overgrowth, 5 persistent delayed transit time without bacterial overgrowth; 13 patients (62%) showed a significant (P &l...