Taqi Khan
Bahria University, karachi-pakistan, Computer Science, Undergraduate
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Concanavalin A (Con A) immobilized on the hexagonal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, using various techniques like atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed changes in morphology of Con A and ZnO... more
Concanavalin A (Con A) immobilized on the hexagonal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, using various techniques like atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed changes in morphology of Con A and ZnO nanoparticles. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the linking of Con A amino groups with ZnO nanoparticles. Con A immobilized nanoparticles in contrast to native lectin showed visible changes in hemagglutination activity as confirmed by pH dependence studies using fluorimetry. The Con A coated ZnO nanoparticles did not induce any significant damage to whole cell DNA as revealed from comet assay or plasmid DNA. Con A-immobilized nanoparticles retained the agglutination activity, this can be indicative of their potential application in detection of virus transformed and neoplastic cells. To summarize Con A immobilized on ZnO nanoparticles showed pH resistance and better hemagglutination activity. However, interestingly Con A immobilized ZnO nanoparticles show...
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The left kidney (LK) is preferred by transplant surgeons, because its vein is always of good length and has a thick wall that enables safe suturing. On the other hand, the right renal vein is generally shorter and thinner walled, and well... more
The left kidney (LK) is preferred by transplant surgeons, because its vein is always of good length and has a thick wall that enables safe suturing. On the other hand, the right renal vein is generally shorter and thinner walled, and well known for its technical difficulty during venous anastomosis, and can result in graft loss. We examined our living (LD) and deceased donor (DD) recipient data and compared the incidence of technical graft loss and early graft function in right and left kidneys. A cohort of 58 adult and pediatric recipients received an LD or DD kidney between January 2015 and December 2016. The donor and recipient data were retrieved and retrospectively analyzed. Technical graft loss was defined as graft thrombosis within the 7 days after transplant. Right kidneys (RKs) were not a risk factor for technical graft loss, and no graft was lost for technical reasons in either LD or DD transplants. Early graft function in LK and RKs was also comparable in the LD cohort, a...
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Kidney transplantation (KT) is one of the treatment options for patients with chronic kidney disease. The number of patients waiting for kidney transplantation is growing day by day. Various strategies have been put in place to expand the... more
Kidney transplantation (KT) is one of the treatment options for patients with chronic kidney disease. The number of patients waiting for kidney transplantation is growing day by day. Various strategies have been put in place to expand the donor pool. Extended criteria donors are now accepted more frequently. Increasing number of elderly donors with age > 60 years, history of diabetes or hypertension, and clinical proteinuria are accepted as donor. Dual kidney transplantation (DKT) is also more frequently done and experience with this technique is slowly building up. DKT not only helps to reduce the number of patients on waiting list but also limits unnecessary discard of viable organs. Surgical complications of DKT are comparable to single kidney transplantation (SKT). Patient and graft survivals are also promising. This review article provides a summary of evidence available in the literature.
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Cells constantly adapt to external humoral cues like cytokines and hormones, but practically most cellular behavior is under locally guided control via cell-cell interactions. Galectins (Gals) are one of the most prominent members of the... more
Cells constantly adapt to external humoral cues like cytokines and hormones, but practically most cellular behavior is under locally guided control via cell-cell interactions. Galectins (Gals) are one of the most prominent members of the group of molecules involved in this intercellular signaling. They are the family of β-galactoside specific lectins and consist of 15 different types, each with a specific function. They play crucial role in the immune system, inflammation, wound healing and carcinogenesis. In recent times, the role of Gals in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has gained attention. Gals have been reported to act ambiguously by both relieving ischemia and accelerating atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis can ultimately lead to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, which are both associated with Gals. There is also a role for Gals in the development of myocarditis by their influence on inflammatory processes. Moreover, Gal acts as a biomarker for the seve...
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Faced with an extreme shortage of organs transplant professionals continue to explore various strategies to expand the donor pool. Transplantation of kidneys from older and very young donors are two such options. Although kidneys from... more
Faced with an extreme shortage of organs transplant professionals continue to explore various strategies to expand the donor pool. Transplantation of kidneys from older and very young donors are two such options. Although kidneys from young donors (less than 5 years of age) have been associated with a high rate of technical complications and suboptimal results, use of these kidneys en bloc has been advocated to improve the outcomes. We reviewed our experience with en bloc kidney transplantation at the University of Kentucky over the past 10 years. Between 1991 and 2000 ten patients underwent kidney transplantation using kidneys en bloc from donors <5 years age. The mean age of the donors was 2.8 years with a mean weight of 16 kg (range 13-21). Mean age of the recipients was 42 years. One patient lost the graft on day one from venous thrombosis. One patient lost the graft 7 years post-transplant from chronic rejection. All of the remaining patients are doing well with functioning grafts (mean follow-up 4.5 years; range 6 months to 10 years). Both one-year and five-year graft survival rates are 89 per cent. The present study confirms that excellent results can be achieved with kidney transplantation using kidney transplantation using kidneys en bloc from donors younger than 5 years of age.
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ABSTRACT Plants are most attractive biological resources because of their ability to produce a huge variety of chemical compounds, and the familiarity of production in even the most rural settings. Alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids,... more
ABSTRACT Plants are most attractive biological resources because of their ability to produce a huge variety of chemical compounds, and the familiarity of production in even the most rural settings. Alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, polyketides, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids are among the economically important compounds derived from plants. By comparison, bacteria and mammals together produce around 3000 economic natural products. Agronomic traits such as herbicide tolerance, insecticides, nematodes resistance, disease-tolerance, and delayed ripening, were initial focus of crop improvement during these days through genetic recombinant DNA technology. Among all the crop quality damaging parasites, nematode infection occupies a most significant position. In this paper, we review the status of neutraceuticals under nematode infection.
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Sulphur management: An agronomic and transgenic approach.
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Free radicals are generated as byproduct of our body metabolism, and their adverse effect on normal functioning of our body is prevented by body's own antioxidant machinery. Any perturbation in the defense mechanism of antioxidants... more
Free radicals are generated as byproduct of our body metabolism, and their adverse effect on normal functioning of our body is prevented by body's own antioxidant machinery. Any perturbation in the defense mechanism of antioxidants inside body, its abnormal production or its induction from environment to our body leads to serious threats and is responsible for the development of various neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Perturbed antioxidants result in sensory and functional impairments in neuronal cells, which in turn cause NDDs. Free radical attack on neuronal cells plays a catastrophic role in NDDs. Impaired metabolism and generation of excessive reactive oxygen species lead to a range of NDDs. Free radical induced toxicity is responsible for DNA injury, protein degradation, damage to tissue inflammation and cell death. Besides various genetic and environmental factors, free radical induced oxidative stress is also a major cause of NDDs. Application of upstream and downstre...
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We present a 64-year-old Malay lady who had undergone a choledochoduodenostomy (CDD) two years ago for obstructive jaundice. She was admitted with jaundice and underwent ultrasonography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC),... more
We present a 64-year-old Malay lady who had undergone a choledochoduodenostomy (CDD) two years ago for obstructive jaundice. She was admitted with jaundice and underwent ultrasonography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP) and computed tomographic (CT) scanning of the liver and biliary tree. All the investigations confirmed a type IVa choledochal cyst. At operation, the grossly dilated biliary system was packed with a thick mucoid material and the mucosa of the bile ducts was visibly abnormal with scattered nodules. This mucoid material had caused occlusion of the entire biliary tree resulting in obstructive jaundice. To the best of our knowledge, this is probably the first report of obstructive jaundice caused by thick mucus. The peculiar management problems of this case and the risk of malignant change in choledochal cysts are discussed.
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Modified subtotal cholecystectomy involves removal of the gall bladder after circumferential division of the neck. Either the impacted stone or the surgeons finger was used as a guide to identify the neck. The stump cavity in the neck is... more
Modified subtotal cholecystectomy involves removal of the gall bladder after circumferential division of the neck. Either the impacted stone or the surgeons finger was used as a guide to identify the neck. The stump cavity in the neck is obliterated with interrupted sutures to prevent recurrent stone formation. Indications for this procedure are obscure anatomy, due either to the severe inflammation in acute cholecystitis or dense adhesions in the small fibrosed gall bladder. The decision to perform modified subtotal cholecystectomy is taken during the operation. Forty three patients (14%) underwent this procedure during the period between August 85 and April 90. Out of 289 cholecystectomies performed seven were emergency and thirty-six were early cholecystectomies. With the increasing trend towards urgent and early cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis the author has found this to be a safe and definitive procedure.
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Plants are most attractive biological resources because of their ability to produce a huge variety of chemical compounds, and the familiarity of production in even the most rural settings. Alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, polyketides,... more
Plants are most attractive biological resources because of their ability to produce a huge variety of chemical compounds, and the familiarity of production in even the most rural settings. Alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, polyketides, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids are among the economically important compounds derived from plants. By comparison, bacteria and mammals together produce around 3000 economic natural products. Agronomic traits such as herbicide tolerance, insecticides, nematodes resistance, disease-tolerance, and delayed ripening, were initial focus of crop improvement during these days through genetic recombinant DNA technology. Among all the crop quality damaging parasites, nematode infection occupies a most significant position. In this paper, we review the status of neutraceuticals under nematode infection.
Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is one of the fastest growing oil seed crops of India. It is highly desirable as a premium oil to supplement our oil seeds production, contributes about 24% of the domestic edible oil production and may... more
Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is one of the fastest growing oil seed crops of India. It is highly desirable as a premium oil to supplement our oil seeds production, contributes about 24% of the domestic edible oil production and may substitute imports substantially, reduces the level of blood cholesterol and ultimately coronary heart diseases. The commercial cultivation of sunflower began in early seventies with a meagre area of 14 thousand hectares. It has gone up to 2.77 million hectares of the area with a production of 1.35 million tonnes in the year 2010. Gibberellic acid (GA3), a sesquiterpenoid chemical compound, is the first widely available active form of commercial gibberellins. GA3 improves growth physiology, cell elongation and cell differentiation thus augmenting plant height. Therefore, it is proposed to apply GA3 to chickpea to increase the stem height for better harvesting of solar energy for maximum utilization of its potential for seed production. However, this fa...
Farm productivity is directly proportional to use of agrochemicals as observed from the first green revolution. Modern agriculture practices have been great promise for economic development of nation. Agriculture is the mainstay of Indian... more
Farm productivity is directly proportional to use of agrochemicals as observed from the first green revolution. Modern agriculture practices have been great promise for economic development of nation. Agriculture is the mainstay of Indian economy. Indian farmer is using wide ranges of chemical pesticides to limit the losses from diseases, in which insecticides account for 78%, 14% herbicides, 16% fungicides and others 4%. Chemical pesticide use is associated with risk and health hazards if not handled properly. Agriculture and agriculture allied sectors contribute nearly 26% of Gross Domestic Product of India, while about 60-80% of population depends on agriculture for livelihood. A majority of the population in India is engaged in agriculture and is therefore, exposed to the pesticides used in agriculture. Pesticides cause 14% of all occupational injuries in agriculture and 15% of fatal injuries. It is found that more than 70% of labourers used either “moderately hazardous” or “hig...
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The increased availability of routine Doppler has increased the diagnosis of TRAS by 12.4% in asymptomatic cases who were probably wrongly labeled TRAS and by only 2.4% is cases of clinically suspected TRAS already suspected of having... more
The increased availability of routine Doppler has increased the diagnosis of TRAS by 12.4% in asymptomatic cases who were probably wrongly labeled TRAS and by only 2.4% is cases of clinically suspected TRAS already suspected of having TRAS. This increase in the above suspected TRAS cases have insignificant TRAS with normal renal function and only need follow-up, like all transplant recipients.