Miriam Grunstein

... 4 In addition to privatization laws, Estonia also has enacted favorable Sheila Hollis is a ... The CRE, loosely modeled after the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, is charged ... President Zedillo, Secretary of Energy Jesus Reyes Heroles, Secretary of the Treasury Guillermo ...

espanolA pesar de contar con las condiciones y argumentos para ser una empresa publica, la CFE no lo es en la practica debido a la normatividad que le impone el Estado mexicano. Su marco normativo no le permite tomar las decisiones optimas que garanticen alcanzar su potencial comercial. La transformacion de la CFE no implica necesariamente la sustitucion de su marco de derecho publico por uno de derecho privado. Finalmente, estamos ante la oportunidad de dotar a la CFE con las atribuciones de una empresa a traves de la definicion de empresa productiva del Estado EnglishAlthough there exist conditions and justifications to let CFE become a truly state owned, commercially oriented, utility company, this hasn’t been the case until now, due to the limitations posed by its legal framework. Such legal framework does not allow CFE to make the best decisions to achieve its fullest commercial potential. CFE´s transformation into a true publicly owned company does not require it to abandon it...

As a result of the 2013 energy reform, oil and gas companies completing projects in Mexico must now meet mandatory requirements to utilize local goods and services suppliers. The authors analyze the legislative framework in place to enforce the local content requirement and the economic implications of the policy.

Energy regulation under Mexico's energy-sector reforms are of great interest to investors, since autonomous regulators — protected from political pressures and able to make and sustain technical decisions — can guarantee greater legal consistency than government authorities exposed to political pressures. The difficulty was finding an alternative model that ensured the institutional strengthening of the agencies without relinquishing too much control of the executive branch.

The widespread use of conventional energy started during the industrial revolution with coal combustion and hydro power as main electricity sources, later followed by oil and nuclear power as main contributors of energy. For a long time, little was done to mitigate the well-known environmental risks associated with these energy sources. Recently, issues such as increased CO 2 emissions put energy and environment higher on the political agenda and we are nowadays taking challenges in waste management, water, peak oil, peak phosphorous and pollution into consideration in energy systems development. Future energy systems will require intelligent technology (grid, market etc.) and new strategies to enable the introduction of different kinds of renewable energy sources and to make them available to the consumer. In future energy systems, both in urban and remote areas, many consumers will also be small scale producers of energy from solar, wind or biofuels.

One of the goals of Mexico's energy reform was to create a regulatory system that would foster competition in a very complex political environment. This framework, known as "coordinated regulatory bodies," was established in Article 28 of the Constitution and is intended to oversee and regulate the hydrocarbons sector. This paper conducts a legal analysis of this new model of regulation and seeks to determine whether its implementation strengthens the rule of law in Mexico. This paper is part of a Baker Institute Mexico Center research project examining the rule of law in Mexico (https://www.bakerinstitute.org/the-rule-of-law/) and the challenges it poses to implementing the country's energy reform.