Alan D Cameron
Columbia University, Classics, Emeritus
- Alan Cameron is Charles Anthon Professor Emeritus of Latin Language and Literature at Columbia University. His lates... moreAlan Cameron is Charles Anthon Professor Emeritus of Latin Language and Literature at Columbia University. His latest books are The Last Pagans of Rome (Oxford, 2011); Wandering Poets: Essays in Late Antique Literature and Philosophy (Oxford, 2015); and Studies in Late Roman Literature and History (Edipuglia, forthcoming 2016).edit
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This article explores the development of the imperial title pontifex maximus from Emperor Augustus (12 BCE) to fourth-century Emperor Gratian (382 CE) as well as the transformation of the title into that of pontifex inclitus after... more
This article explores the development of the imperial title pontifex maximus from Emperor Augustus (12 BCE) to fourth-century Emperor Gratian (382 CE) as well as the transformation of the title into that of pontifex inclitus after Gratian. Following the precedent of Augustus, every emperor down to Gratian (d. 383) was pontifex maximus. The title pontifex maximus formed a standing element in the imperial titulature, usually in first place in the litany of titles. The article demonstrates that the title pontifex maximus was modified into pontifex inclitus from Gratian on. Christian emperors were anxious to eliminate the pagan associations of pontifex maximus but they were reluctant to give up their traditional claim to priestly authority.
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video of lecture at University College, London, 4 September 2014