Article

Animation and rendering of complex water surfaces

Authors:

Douglas Enright,

Stephen Marschner,

Ronald FedkiwAuthors Info & Claims

SIGGRAPH '02: Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques

Pages 736 - 744

https://doi.org/10.1145/566570.566645

Published: 01 July 2002 Publication History

Abstract

We present a new method for the animation and rendering of photo-realistic water effects. Our method is designed to produce visually plausible three dimensional effects, for example the pouring of water into a glass (see figure 1) and the breaking of an ocean wave, in a manner which can be used in a computer animation environment. In order to better obtain photorealism in the behavior of the simulated water surface, we introduce a new "thickened" front tracking technique to accurately represent the water surface and a new velocity extrapolation method to move the surface in a smooth, water-like manner. The velocity extrapolation method allows us to provide a degree of control to the surface motion, e.g. to generate a windblown look or to force the water to settle quickly. To ensure that the photorealism of the simulation carries over to the final images, we have integrated our method with an advanced physically based rendering system.

References

[1]

ADALSTEINSSON, D., AND SETHIAN, J. 1999. The fast construction of extension velocities in level set methods. J. Comp. Phys. 148, 2-22.

Digital Library

[2]

CHEN, J., AND LOBO, N. 1994. Toward interactive-rate simulation of fluids with moving obstacles using the navier-stokes equations. Computer Graphics and Image Processing 57, 107-116.

Digital Library

[3]

CHEN, S., JOHNSON, D., AND RAAD, P. 1995. Velocity boundary conditions for the simulation of free surface fluid flow. J. Comp. Phys. 116, 262-276.

Digital Library

[4]

CHEN, S., JOHNSON, D., RAAD, P., AND FADDA, D. 1997. The surface marker and micro cell method. Int. J. for Num. Meth. in Fluids 25, 749-778.

[5]

ENRIGHT, D., FEDKIW, R., FERZIGER, J., AND MITCHELL, I. 2002. A hybrid particle level set method for improved interface capturing. J. Comp. Phys. To appear.

Digital Library

[6]

FOSTER, N., AND FEDKIW, R. 2001. Practical animation of liquids. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2001, ACM Press / ACM SIGGRAPH, E. Fiume, Ed., Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM, 23-30.

Digital Library

[7]

FOSTER, N., AND METAXAS, D. 1996. Realistic animation of liquids. Graphical Models and Image Processing 58, 471-483.

Digital Library

[8]

FOURNIER, A., AND REEVES, W. T. 1986. A simple model of ocean waves. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 86), 20(4), ACM, 75-84.

Digital Library

[9]

HARLOW, F., AND WELCH, J. 1965. Numerical calculation of time-dependent viscous incompressible flow of fluid with free surface. Phys. Fluids 8, 2182-2189.

[10]

HECKBERT, P. S. 1990. Adaptive radiosity textures for bidirectional ray tracing. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 90), vol. 24, ACM, 145-154.

Digital Library

[11]

HILTZIK, M. A., AND PHAM, A. 2001. Synthetic actors guild. Los Angeles Times. May 8, 2001, natl. ed.: A1+.

[12]

HIRT, C., AND NICHOLS, B. 1981. Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries. J. Comp. Phys. 39, 201-225.

[13]

JENSEN, H. W. 1995. Importance driven path tracing using the photon map. In Eurographics Rendering Workshop 1995, 326-335.

[14]

JENSEN, H. W. 2001. Realistic Image Synthesis Using Photon Maps. A K Peters.

Digital Library

[15]

JIANG, G.-S., AND PENG, D. 2000. Weighted eno schemes for hamilton-jacobi equations. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 21, 2126-2143.

Digital Library

[16]

KAJIYA, J. T. 1986. The rendering equation. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 86), vol. 20, 143-150.

Digital Library

[17]

KASS, M., AND MILLER, G. 1990. Rapid, stable fluid dynamics for computer graphics. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 90), vol. 24, ACM, 49-57.

Digital Library

[18]

LAFORTUNE, E. P., AND WILLEMS, Y. D. 1993. Bi-directional path tracing. In Proceedings of Compugraphics '93, 145-153.

[19]

MARSCHNER, S., AND LOBB, R. 1994. An evaluation of reconstruction filters for volume rendering. In Proceedings of Visualization 94, IEEE Comput. Soc. Press, 100-107.

Digital Library

[20]

MASTEN, G., WATTERBERG, P., AND MAREDA, I. 1987. Fourier synthesis of ocean scenes. IEEE Computer Graphics and Application 7, 16-23.

Digital Library

[21]

MILLER, G., AND PEARCE, A. 1989. Globular dynamics: A connected particle system for animating viscous fluids. Computers and Graphics 13, 3, 305-309.

[22]

NISHITA, T., AND NAKAMAE, E. 1994. Method of displaying optical effects within water using accumulation buffer. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 94, ACM SIGGRAPH / ACM Press, Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM, 373-381.

Digital Library

[23]

O'BRIEN, J., AND HODGINS, J. 1995. Dynamic simulation of splashing fluids. In Proceedings of Computer Animation 95, 198-205.

Digital Library

[24]

OSHER, S., AND FEDKIW, R. 2002. The Level Set Method and Dynamic Implicit Surfaces. Springer-Verlag, New York.

[25]

OSHER, S., AND SETHIAN, J. 1988. Fronts propagating with curvature dependent speed: Algorithms based on hamiliton-jacobi formulations. J. Comp. Phys. 79, 12-49.

Digital Library

[26]

PEACHEY, D. R. 1986. Modeling waves and surf. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 86), 20(4), ACM, 65-74.

Digital Library

[27]

PREMOZE, S., AND ASHIKHMIN, M. 2000. Rendering natural waters. In The proceedings of Pacific Graphics 2000, 23-30.

Digital Library

[28]

RADOVITZKY, R., AND ORTIZ, M. 1998. Lagrangian finite element analysis of newtonian fluid flows. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. 43, 607-619.

[29]

SCHACHTER, B. 1980. Long crested wave models. Computer Graphics and Image Processing 12, 187-201.

[30]

SETHIAN, J. 1999. Level Set Methods and Fast Marching Methods. Cambridge University Press.

Digital Library

[31]

STAM, J. 1999. Stable fluids. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 99, ACM SIGGRAPH / Addison Wesley Longman, Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM, 121-128.

Digital Library

[32]

TERZOPOULOS, D., PLATT, J., AND FLEISCHER, K. 1989. Heating and melting deformable models (from goop to glop). In Graphics Interface '89, 219-226.

[33]

TESSENDORF, J. 2001. Simulating ocean water. In Simulating Nature: Realistic and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH 2001 Course Notes 47.

[34]

TS'O, P. Y., AND BARSKY, B. A. 1987. Modeling and rendering waves: Wave-tracing using beta-splines and reflective and refractive texture mapping. ACM Transactions on Graphics 6, 3, 191-214.

Digital Library

[35]

UNVERDI, S.-O., AND TRYGGVASON, G. 1992. A front-tracking method for viscous, incompressible, multi-fluid flows. J. Comp. Phys. 100, 25-37.

Digital Library

[36]

VEACH, E., AND GUIBAS, L. J. 1994. Bidirectional estimators for light transport. In Eurographics Rendering Workshop 1994 Proceedings, 147-162.

[37]

VEACH, E., AND GUIBAS, L. J. 1997. Metropolis light transport. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 97, ACM SIGGRAPH / Addison Wesley, Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM, 65-76.

Digital Library

[38]

WATT, M. 1990. Light-water interaction using backward beam tracing. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 90), vol. 24, ACM, 377-385.

Digital Library

Cited By

Kim JSong CLee JKim JLee JKim S(2024)Isoline Tracking in Particle-Based Fluids Using Level-Set Learning RepresentationApplied Sciences10.3390/app1406264414:6(2644)Online publication date: 21-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/app14062644
Li JSuzuki RNakagaki K(2023)Physica: Interactive Tangible Physics Simulation based on Tabletop Mobile Robots Towards Explorable Physics EducationProceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3563657.3596037(1485-1499)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3563657.3596037
Onyelowe KFazel Mojtahedi FGolaghaei Darzi AKontoni D(2023)Solving large deformation problems in geotechnical and geo-environmental engineering with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics: a state-of-the-art review of constitutive solutionsEnvironmental Earth Sciences10.1007/s12665-023-11079-882:17Online publication date: 9-Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11079-8
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Animation and rendering of complex water surfaces
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Computer graphics
    1. Animation
    2. Rendering
      1. Ray tracing

Recommendations

Practical animation of liquids
SIGGRAPH '01: Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques

We present a general method for modeling and animating liquids. The system is specifically designed for computer animation and handles viscous liquids as they move in a 3D environment and interact with graphics primitives such as parametric curves and ...
Animation and rendering of complex water surfaces

We present a new method for the animation and rendering of photo-realistic water effects. Our method is designed to produce visually plausible three dimensional effects, for example the pouring of water into a glass (see figure 1) and the breaking of an ...
Efficient animation of water flow on irregular terrains
GRAPHITE '06: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and Southeast Asia

We present an optimization of the water column-based height-field approach of water simulation by reducing memory footprint and promoting parallel implementation. The simulation still provides three-dimensional fluid animation suitable for water flowing ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

SIGGRAPH '02: Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques

July 2002

574 pages

ISBN:1581135211

DOI:10.1145/566570

Conference Chair:
Tom Appolloni
Harris Corporation

Copyright © 2002 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 July 2002

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

SIGGRAPH02

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH

SIGGRAPH02: The 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

July 23 - 26, 2002

Texas, San Antonio

Acceptance Rates

SIGGRAPH '02 Paper Acceptance Rate 67 of 358 submissions, 19%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 1,822 of 8,601 submissions, 21%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

199
Total Citations
View Citations
6,660
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)85
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)3

Reflects downloads up to 02 Sep 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Kim JSong CLee JKim JLee JKim S(2024)Isoline Tracking in Particle-Based Fluids Using Level-Set Learning RepresentationApplied Sciences10.3390/app1406264414:6(2644)Online publication date: 21-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/app14062644
Li JSuzuki RNakagaki K(2023)Physica: Interactive Tangible Physics Simulation based on Tabletop Mobile Robots Towards Explorable Physics EducationProceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3563657.3596037(1485-1499)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3563657.3596037
Onyelowe KFazel Mojtahedi FGolaghaei Darzi AKontoni D(2023)Solving large deformation problems in geotechnical and geo-environmental engineering with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics: a state-of-the-art review of constitutive solutionsEnvironmental Earth Sciences10.1007/s12665-023-11079-882:17Online publication date: 9-Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11079-8
Sattari AHanafizadeh P(2021)Controllable preparation of double emulsion droplets in a dual-coaxial microfluidic deviceJournal of Flow Chemistry10.1007/s41981-021-00155-4Online publication date: 31-Mar-2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41981-021-00155-4
Chen YMeier JSolenthaler BAzevedo V(2020)An extended cut-cell method for sub-grid liquids tracking with surface tensionACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3414685.341785939:6(1-13)Online publication date: 27-Nov-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3414685.3417859
Du TWu KSpielberg AMatusik WZhu BSifakis E(2020)Functional optimization of fluidic devices with differentiable stokes flowACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3414685.341779539:6(1-15)Online publication date: 27-Nov-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3414685.3417795
Goldade RAanjaneya MBatty C(2020)Constraint bubbles and affine regionsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3386569.339245539:4(43:1-43:15)Online publication date: 12-Aug-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3386569.3392455
Li CGuo X(2020)Topology-Change-Aware Volumetric Fusion for Dynamic Scene ReconstructionComputer Vision – ECCV 202010.1007/978-3-030-58517-4_16(258-274)Online publication date: 10-Oct-2020
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58517-4_16
El-Ajou AOqielat MOgilat OAl-Smadi MMomani SAlsaedi A(2019)Mathematical Model for Simulating the Movement of Water Droplet on Artificial Leaf SurfaceFrontiers in Physics10.3389/fphy.2019.001327Online publication date: 18-Sep-2019
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2019.00132
Hyde DFedkiw R(2019)A unified approach to monolithic solid-fluid coupling of sub-grid and more resolved solidsJournal of Computational Physics10.1016/j.jcp.2019.03.049Online publication date: Apr-2019
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2019.03.049
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents