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Le présent article esquisse les traits généraux du vocabulaire et des pratiques diplomatiques en usage dans les principautés de Valachie et de Moldavie aux XVe-XVIe siècles. L’intérêt de ce terrain d’étude, très peu investi par la... more
Le présent article esquisse les traits généraux du vocabulaire et des pratiques diplomatiques en usage dans les principautés de Valachie et de Moldavie aux XVe-XVIe siècles. L’intérêt de ce terrain d’étude, très peu investi par la recherche historique, réside dans la spécificité des deux états, qui se situent au carrefour de plusieurs traditions politiques (byzantino-slave, occidentale, ottomane) et de plusieurs langues (grec, slavon d’église, latin, polonais, italien, turc ottoman). De ce fait, ils se sont trouvés au cœur de multiples processus de transferts culturels, dont les conséquences sur leur organisation politique, la diplomatie comprise, restent encore à investiguer. À l’aide de quelques études de cas, l’auteur soulève des questions et lance des hypothèses de travail concernant les motivations, les caractéristiques et le statut des émissaires diplomatiques, leur recrutement et hiérarchies ainsi que le traitement qu’ils recevaient de la part des cours étrangères. L’analyse du vocabulaire et l’incursion dans les pratiques diplomatiques sont redoublées par un aperçu critique des sources disponibles.The present paper draws the general features of the diplomatic vocabulary and practices in the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia (15th-16th centuries). The interest of this research field, which is practically neglected by scholars, lies in the geopolitical specificity of these two states, as they are situated on the crossroads of several cultural traditions (byzantine, slavic, occidental, ottoman) and languages (Greek, Church Slavonic, Latin, Polish, Italian, Ottoman Turkish). By this fact, they stood at the core of multiple process of cultural transfer whose consequences on their political organization, including diplomacy, still remain to be investigated. With the help of some case studies, the author raises some questions and put forward some work hypothesis concerning the motivations, the character and the status of the diplomatic envoys, as well as the ways they were recruited and were welcomed at the foreign courts. The analysis of the vocabulary and of the diplomatic practices is coupled with a critical overview of the available sources
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« ‘Ambassadeurs’, ‘émissaires’ et autres. Vocabulaire et pratiques de la diplomatie au carrefour des langues (principautés de Valachie et de Moldavie, XVe-XVIe siècles) », dans Nicolas Drocourt (dir.), « La figure de l’ambassadeur entre mondes éloignés. Ambassadeurs, envoyés officiels et représen...more
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The author suggests the use of a serial and comparative approach of the Moldavian and Wallachian revolts. In order to accomplish this, he takes four factors into account. The first relates to the dynamics of the relationship between the... more
The author suggests the use of a serial and comparative approach of the Moldavian and Wallachian revolts. In order to accomplish this, he takes four factors into account. The first relates to the dynamics of the relationship between the Porte and the vassal principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia from the mid-sixteenth century onward. The second refers to the general European policy toward the Ottomans, whose main feature was, at that time, the quasi-permanent oscillation between the idea of "Crusade" and the "capitulations' regime." The third point concerns the personal careers of the social actors who orchestrated the revolts, namely the capi Moro spoke about. Where did they come from? What did they think about Ottoman power? What did they hope for in these seemingly hopeless wars? Finally, he also refers to the "spiritual atmosphere" of that time and to ideas on the destiny of the Ottoman Empire. Keywords: capi Moro; military revolts; Moldavia; Ottoman; Porte; spiritual atmosphere; Wallachia
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Page 416. paradoxes des langues. Des usages du français au premier XIXe siècle roumain RADU G. PĂUN l'idée que la langue française a joué un rôle de premier ordre dans ce qu'on... more
Page 416. paradoxes des langues. Des usages du français au premier XIXe siècle roumain RADU G. PĂUN l'idée que la langue française a joué un rôle de premier ordre dans ce qu'on appelle la «modernisation» de la culture ...
The present paper deals with the manuscript 519 (426) from the archives of Hilandar monastery on Mount Athos, which contains the memorial book (pomenik) of the so-called « Albanian Tower » (Arbanaški pirg), that is, the chapel of... more
The present paper deals with the manuscript 519 (426) from the archives of Hilandar monastery on Mount Athos, which contains the memorial book (pomenik) of the so-called « Albanian Tower » (Arbanaški pirg), that is, the chapel of Saint-Georges, a small and less known monastic dependency of the Hilandar monastery. The article focuses on the oldest part of the manuscript (ff.1 r-6 v ; end of the 15 th and beginning of the 16 th century), containing the synodikon of the house and the list of the main ktitors to whom the monks had to offer prayers. The examination of this valuable document shed light on the relations between the Albanian Tower's monastic community and the Orthodox world before and after the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans and provides relevant clues for the study of the commemoration practices. The part under scrutiny is published in the Appendix (transcription and facsimile).
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Le présent article tente d'apporter quelques précisions concernant les relations entre la Valachie et le monastère de Chilandar au Mont Athos. Une réévaluation critique des documents et des travaux portant sur ce sujet est entreprise afin... more
Le présent article tente d'apporter quelques précisions concernant les relations entre la Valachie et le monastère de Chilandar au Mont Athos. Une réévaluation critique des documents et des travaux portant sur ce sujet est entreprise afin de recomposer le contexte ayant permis le transfert du patronage sur Chilandar de Mara Branković aux princes valaques.