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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
U+86C7, 蛇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86C7

[U+86C6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+86C8]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 142, +5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 中戈十心 (LIJP), four-corner 53111, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1080, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32964
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1548, character 36
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2845, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+86C7

Chinese

[edit]
simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal) : semantic + phonetic (OC *l̥ʰaːl). was also the original pictographic form of this character.

Etymology 1

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Unclear. Various theories have been proposed:

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • chôa - vernacular;
  • siâ - literary.
Note:
  • zua5 - vernacular;
  • se5 - literary.
Note:
  • sha2 - vernacular;
  • she2 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂɤ³⁵/
Harbin /ʂɤ²⁴/
Tianjin /ʂɑ⁴⁵/
/sɑ⁴⁵/
/ʂɤ⁴⁵/
/sɤ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʂa⁴²/
Qingdao /ʃə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩ɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /ʂɤ²⁴/
Xining /ʂɛ²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂə⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʂə⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʂɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /sɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /se³¹/
Guiyang /se²¹/
Kunming /ʂə³¹/
Nanjing /ʂe²⁴/
Hefei /ʂe⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /sɤ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩e̞¹³/
Hohhot /sɤ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zo²³/
Suzhou /zo¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷei²¹³/
Wenzhou /ze³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
/ɕia⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕia⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʂə¹³/
/ʂa¹³/
Xiangtan /ʂɒ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sɑ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sa¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʃɑ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɛ²¹/
Nanning /sɛ²¹/
Hong Kong /sɛ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sia³⁵/
/t͡sua³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /yɛ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sua⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tua³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3 2/3
Initial () (27) (6)
Final () (100) (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III I
Fanqie
Baxter zyae tha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʑia/ /tʰa/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʑĭa/ /tʰɑ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/d͡ʑʰi̯a/ /tʰɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shé tuō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
se4 to1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shé
Middle
Chinese
‹ zyæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.lAj/
English snake

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3 1/3
No. 12232 12211
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɦljaːl/ /*l̥ʰaːl/
Notes
Definitions
[edit]

  1. snake; serpent (Classifier: m c;  m mn)
  2. illegal immigrant
      ―  rénshé  ―  illegal immigrant
      ―  shétóu  ―  people smuggler
  3. (Cantonese) to shirk one's duty; to be lazy on the job
  4. (Cantonese, poker) straight
  5. (regional, pathology) herpes zoster; shingles
    [Cantonese]  ―  saang1 se4 [Jyutping]  ―  to have shingles
    [Cantonese]  ―  se4 zam1 [Jyutping]  ―  shingles vaccine
  6. a surname
Synonyms
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  • (snake):
Descendants
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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (じゃ) (ja); () (da)
  • Okinawan: (じゃー) ()
  • Korean: 사(蛇) (sa)
  • Vietnamese: ()
  • Wutunhua: shai
  • Compounds
    [edit]

    Pronunciation 2

    [edit]


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (36)
    Final () (11)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ye
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /jiᴇ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /jiɛ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /jɛ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /jiə̆/
    Li
    Rong
    /ie/
    Wang
    Li
    /jǐe/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /ie̯/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ji4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ye ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*laj/
    English 委蛇 compliant, complacent

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 12236
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*lal/
    Definitions
    [edit]

    1. Used in 蛇蛇 (“facile (of words); calmly; leisurely”).
    2. Used in 委蛇 (wēiyí, “winding; meandering; pretending interest and sympathy”).
    Compounds
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    Etymology 2

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    From English sir.

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. (Cantonese) sir (used when addressing policemen or male schoolteachers)

    Compounds

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    See also

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    (Jōyō kanji)

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Etymology 1

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    へび
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia

    /pemi//ɸemi//ɸebi//hebi/

    Shift from older hemi (see below).[1][2] The medial /m/ lost its nasal quality to become a plosive.

    Appears in texts from the 1300s.[1]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

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    (へび) or (ヘビ) (hebi

    1. a snake, serpent
      • 1999 March 6, “デビル・スネーク [Devil Snake]”, in Starter(スターター) Box(ボックス), Konami:
        ()(ひと)つしかないヘビ(れい)()をはき()し、(あい)()(こおり)づけにする。
        Me ga hitotsu shikanai hebi. Reiki o hakidashi, aite o kōrizuke ni suru.
        A single-eyed snake that breathes out frigid air to freeze its opponents.
      • 1999 May 27, “()()をすするもの [Lifeblood-Slurping One]”, in Vol.3, Konami:
        (くら)(やみ)(なか)(みち)()(ひと)(びと)(おそ)(ひと)(がた)(きゅう)(けつ)ヘビ
        Kurayami no naka, michiyuku hitobito o osou hitogata no kyūketsu hebi.
        A humanoid blood-sucking serpent who assaults passerby from the dark.
      • 2000 May 1, “グラップラー [Grappler]”, in BOOSTER 7, Konami:
        ずるがしこいヘビ(ふと)くて(なが)(しん)(たい)()()ける(こう)(げき)(ちゅう)()
        Zurugashikoi hebi. Futokute nagai shintai de shimetsukeru kōgeki ni chūi!
        Watch out! This devious serpent will grapple you tight with its long and thick body!
    2. a snake (treacherous person)
    Usage notes
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    As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヘビ.

    Derived terms
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    Idioms
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    Proverbs
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    Etymology 2

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    へみ
    Grade: S
    irregular

    ⟨pe2mi1 → */pəɨmʲi//pemi//ɸemi//hemi/

    From Old Japanese.

    Derivation theories include:

    Noun

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    (へみ) (hemi

    1. (obsolete) a snake, serpent
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 3

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    Kanji in this term
    くちなわ
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi

    Extension of 朽ち縄 (kuchinawa, literally rotten rope),[1][2][4][5] as such a rope resembles the appearance of a snake.

    朽ち縄 (kuchinawa) itself is from くち (kuchi, (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb くちる (to rot).) + (なわ) (nawa, rope)

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

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    (くちなわ) (kuchinawaくちなは (kutinafa)?

    1. (obsolete) a snake, serpent
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 4

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    じゃ
    Grade: S
    goon

    From Middle Chinese (MC zyae).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    (じゃ) (ja

    1. a snake, serpent
    2. Short for 蛇之助 (janosuke): a heavy drinker
    Derived terms
    [edit]
    Proverbs
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    Affix

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    (じゃ) (ja

    1. snake, serpent
    2. snakelike, snaky
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 5

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term

    Grade: S
    kan'yōon

    Confusion of pronunciation with () (da) via phonetic radical .

    Affix

    [edit]

    () (da

    1. snake, serpent
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 6

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term

    Grade: S
    on'yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC ye).

    Affix

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    () (i

    1. winding, meandering
    Derived terms
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    References

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    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
    4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

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    Etymology 1

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC zyae).

    Historical Readings
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄇᆡ얌〯 (Yale: pòyyǎm) (Yale: syà)

    Hanja

    [edit]

    (eumhun (baem sa)) or (eumhun (gin baem sa))

    1. snake; long snake

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC ye).

    Hanja

    [edit]

    (eumhun 구불구불 (gubulgubul i))

    1. winding, meandering

    Okinawan

    [edit]

    Kanji

    [edit]

    (Jōyō kanji)

    Readings

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC zyae).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

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    (じゃー) (

    1. a snake, serpent
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    Cognate with Japanese (hebi).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    (ふぃーぶ) (fību

    1. (rare) a snake, serpent

    References

    [edit]


    Okinoerabu

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    Kanji

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    (Jōyō kanji)

    Etymology

    [edit]

    Cognate with Japanese (hebi).

    Noun

    [edit]

    (ひび) (hibi

    1. a snake, serpent

    Old Japanese

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    Derivation theories include:

    • Possibly cognate with modern Korean (baem, snake).
    • Possibly related to or influenced by the verb 食む (pamu, to bite).

    Compounds

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    (pe2mi1) (kana へみ)

    1. a snake, serpent
      • 711–712, Kojiki, upper volume (Ōkuninushi no mikoto):
        於是、其妻須勢理毘賣命、以比禮二字以音授其夫云「其將咋以此比禮三擧打撥」。
        Now the mighty one Lady Bold gave her husband a scarf for the snakes and spoke to him, saying: “When the snakes try to bite you, wave this scarf three times to drive them off.”[1]

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Japanese: (hemi → hebi)

    References

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    1. ^ Gustav Heldt, transl. (2014), The Kojiki: An Account of Ancient Matters (Translations from the Asian Classics), illustrated edition, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 31

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

    [edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: , thạch

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.