Level 1 Students Book B1

University of Cauca
Language Education Program
REGULAR COURSES B1
PFI
English I
Student’s Textbook
PROGRAMA DE FORMACIÓN EN IDIOMAS - FICHAS DE VOCABULARIO
Traducido y adaptado del libro de Paul Nation “What do you need to know to learn a
foreign language?”
Cómo usar fichas de vocabulario: la estrategia de aprendizaje de vocabulario consciente

más importante es el aprendizaje por medio de fichas de vocabulario bilingües. Las fichas de
vocabulario son pequeñas fichas de 6 cm x 4 cm que tienen una palabra o una frase del
idioma extranjero en un lado y la traducción en el idioma nativo de esta palabra o frase en el
otro lado. Cada estudiante hace su propio conjunto de fichas. Instrucciones para los
estudiantes:
1. Escriba en fichas de vocabulario las palabras que necesite aprender que se trabajan
en la clase de inglés y el vocabulario de los libros de lectura por niveles que se
asignan en el semestre.
2. Escriba la palabra en la pequeña ficha con su pronunciación en un lado y su

traducción en el otro lado. Esto ayuda a que usted recuerde la palabra después del primer
encuentro. Cada vez que usted recuerda la palabra se fortalece la conexión entre la forma y
el significado de la palabra. Si usted escribe la palabra en el idioma extranjero y al frente su
traducción no hay fortalecimiento de esta conexión.
6cm
Bump
/ bʌmp/ 4 cm
Chichón
E.g. The man has a

bump on the back of
his head.
3. Repase las palabras tratando de recordar la traducción del otro lado. No voltee la
ficha demasiado rápido cuando no recuerde la traducción de la palabra. Usted debe tratar de
recordarla sin mirar la traducción por unos instantes. Si no recuerda la traducción, voltee la
ficha para ver la traducción. Después de mirar la palabra y su traducción ponga la ficha en
medio del conjunto de fichas para que la vuelva a repasar rápido de nuevo.
4. Al comienzo, empiece con pequeños conjuntos de fichas –alrededor de 15 o 20

palabras. Las palabras difíciles deben estudiarse en pequeños grupos para que haya mayor
repetición y procesamiento más profundo. A medida que el aprendizaje se vuelva más fácil,
incremente el número de fichas –más de 50 palabras en un conjunto de fichas parece ser
inmanejable porque se hace difícil mantener las fichas juntas y estudiarlas todas a la vez.
Mantenga grupos pequeños de fichas en su bolso, maletín, bolsillo para estudiarlas cada vez
que usted tenga unos minutos libres.
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5. Espacie las repeticiones. La mejor forma de estudiar las fichas es repasarlas unos pocos
minutos después de haberlas escrito, luego se deben estudiar una hora después, luego al
siguiente día, luego dos días después, luego una semana más tarde y finalmente un par de
semanas después. Esta repetición espaciada es mucho más efectiva que repeticiones
masivas juntas en una hora de estudio. La cantidad de tiempo invertido en el estudio de las
palabras puede ser el mismo pero los resultados son diferentes. Las repeticiones espaciadas
dan como resultado un aprendizaje de larga duración.
6. Use técnicas de procesamiento profundo con las palabras que son difíciles de
aprender como la técnica de la palabra clave. Piense la palabra en contextos
situacionales. Divida la palabra en partes, si es posible. Entre más asociaciones usted pueda
hacer con la palabra, mejor la recordará.
7. Asegúrese que las palabras de escritura parecida o de significado parecido no estén

juntas en el mismo conjunto de fichas. Esto significa que los días de la semana no se
deben aprender juntos. Lo mismo aplica para los meses del año, sinónimos, números,
antónimos, nombres de prendas de vestir, frutas, partes del cuerpo, cosas en la cocina, etc.
Estas palabras interfieren unas con otras y hacen que el aprendizaje de vocabulario sea
mucho más difícil.
8. Continúe cambiando el orden de las palabras en su conjunto de fichas. Esto evitará

que se aprenda el significado de una palabra por la cercanía a otra palabra en el conjunto de
fichas.
9. Diga la palabra en voz alta. Esto ayuda a que la forma de la palabra entre en la memoria
de largo plazo.
10. Escriba frases u oraciones que contengan las palabras de las fichas cuando esto
sea necesario. Esto se aplica particularmente a los verbos. Algunas palabras se aprenden
mejor en frases o en imágenes mentales.
Nation, I.S.P. (2014). What do you need to know to learn a foreign language? New Zealand:
Victoria University of Wellington.
3
UNIT 1: FRIENDS
CLASSROOM VOCABUALRY
FRASES Y ORACIONES DE USO EN
EL SALÓN DE CLASE
Students:
Good morning/afternoon/evening.
Excuse me…
What is your name?
Say that again please?
How do I say “Compañero” in English?
Can you help me?
How do you spell “clase”?
I don’t know. I don’t understand.
Teacher:
Move into pairs.
Move into groups of four.

Quiet, please.
FRASES Y ORACIONES PARA

CONTROLAR AL HABLANTE
Please speak slowly.
Please speak more slowly.
I don’t understand.
Repeat please.
Can you repeat that please?
Once more please.
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NAMES
In many cultures, it is common to have three names.
Example: Brad Robert Pitt
Brad is the first name or Christian name

Robert is the middle name
Pitt is the last name, surname, or family name
Nicknames are also often used when introducing yourself in a casual setting. Nicknames
can be shorter forms of first names, e.g., Bradley / Brad, Cynthia / Cindy, Michael / Mike.
FORMAL GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS

When introducing yourself and others in a formal situation, use your first and last name.
Introducing yourself: Introducing others: Responses:
Hello, My name is John Miller, please meet Nice to meet you

………….. Nicolas Smith (too).
Let me introduce myself, I’d like you to meet Emily Please to meet you
My name is ………… Harrington (too).
I’d like to introduce myself, I’d like to introduce you to Glad to meet you
My name is ………… Justin Ledger. (too).
'Excuse me. Are you...?
INFORMAL GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS

When introducing yourself and others in an informal situation, use your first name.
Introducing yourself: Introducing others: Responses:
Hi, I’m ……………………. Jack, this is Nick. It’s great to meet

you (too).
Hello, I’m ……………… This is my good friend It’s nice to meet you
Are you ………? Emily (too).
My name is ……… How are you?
What’s your name? Kim, this is Anna. How’s it going?
Anna, this is Kim
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PRONUNCIATION REVIEW
CONSONANT TYPES / SOUNDS
English has 25 consonant sounds. Consonant sounds are produced by blocking air as it
leaves the mouth. Below is an example of each consonant sound – Listen to your teacher and
read them.
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VOWELS / SOUNDS
A neutral English accent has 19 vowel sounds. There are 3 types of English vowel sound –
short, long and diphthong. English spelling does not always show us which sound to
pronounce.
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INTENSIVE READING
1. Read and listen to the following text.
What makes a best friend? This is what some of our readers
said…
My name’s Katie and I’m from New York. My best friend is in my class, so I see
her every day. It’s not a problem because we never argue! I like her because
she is interesting, and she always listens to me. I always tell her my secrets and other
personal information and I know she doesn’t tell other people.
I’m Sarah and I’m from London. My best friend lives on the other side of town, so
we don’t meet often. She isn’t perfect because she doesn’t always listen to me.
She can also be a bit boring because she doesn’t like going out. I usually go to
her house on Saturdays and sometimes stay until Sunday. She’s funny though
and we have a lot in common. For a start, we like the same singers and bands.
I’m Mandisa and I’m from Cape Town in South Africa. I’ve got a really special best
friend. We go to the same basketball club, that’s how I know him. He’s friendly and
knows a lot of people, but he is really kind and always has time for me. He’s also
very clever and often comes round to my house and helps me with my maths.
2. Read the article and the following questions. Underline the key information then
choose the best answer.
Questions Katie Sarah Mandisa

a. Who sometimes has problems with schoolwork?
b. Who goes to the same school as her best friend?
c. Who enjoys listening to music?
d. Who talks about herself with her best friend?
e. Who visits her best friend at weekends?
f. Who has a best friend who is very popular?
g. Whose best friend prefers staying at home?
3. Read the text again and pay special attention to the underlined words and phrases.
a. How is the verb “to be” used? What rule can you infer?
b. “I’ve got a really special best friend” What other form can you use to say this same
information?
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VERB “TO BE” CONJUGATION
Affirmative Sentences
Subject Verb Complement Pronoun Verb Contractions
My name is John I am I’m
I am 17 years old You are you’re
My father’s name is Jorge He is he’s
My sister is fourteen She is she’s
They are students It is it’s
We are we’re
You are you’re
They are they’re
Negative Sentences
Subject verb + Complement Pron. Verb + Contractions
not not
I am not a good player I am not I’m not
I ’m not short You are not you’re not you aren’t
He is not he’s not he isn’t
She is not she’s not she isn’t
It is not It’s not it isn’t
We are not we’re not we aren’t
You are not you’re not you aren’t
They are not they’re not they aren’t
Yes/No Question
Verb Subject Complement Verb Subject Complement
Am I your friend?
Are you a good player? Are you a good English student?
Is he your husband?
Is she a good student?
Is it here?
Are we in the museum?
Are you at the university?
Are they married?
WH-Questions
WH-word Verb Subject WH word Verb Subject
What is your favorite sport? Where am I?
What kind of person are you?
How many chairs are there?
Who is he?
When is it?
What color is it?
How tall are we?
Why are you here?
How old are they?
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VERB “TO BE” EXERCISES
I. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb TO BE
1. I ________ an English student. 6. The car _______black.

2. How old ______ you? 7. They ________ angry.
3. We _______ singers. 8. My sisters _______ happy.
4. _______ she a teacher? 9. ______they my siblings?
5. They ________ my parents. 10. What _______ your name?
II. Correct each one of the following sentences.
1. My father and mother is teachers. ___________________________________________

2. Is your parents 45 years old? _______________________________________________
3. I are a good student. _____________________________________________________
4. Juan and Nancy is my siblings. _____________________________________________
5. What are your name? ____________________________________________________
III. Exercises:
1. Which word completes 2. In which sentence can you 3. Which question is

the sentence? write is? NOT correct?
You _____ very hungry! a. _____ you a doctor? a. You are a manager?
b. This _____ my mother. b. Where is your house?
c._____ your parents here? c. How old are you?
4. Which sentence is 5. Which is the correct answer 6. Complete:

correct? to this question? _________it cold
a. I’m no a student, I’m a Are you thirsty? outside?
teacher. a. No, I not.
b. Maria’s not in the kitchen. b. Yes, I’m.
c. He not my dad, he’s my c. No, I’m not.
husband!
7. Complete: 8. Complete: 9. Complete:
Where _________you? Sorry, but we _________ free That _________ my sister,
on Friday. We're busy.? it’s my mum!

My parents are not rich, but My sister and I ________ twins. That ________ a really
my aunt ________. good movie!

His tests ________ very ________ he Mexican? These _________ my
difficult. friends.
INTENSIVE READING
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A. Read and answer the questions.
B. Look at picture 1. Andy says “I’m angry. Gary’s got six of my CDs!
Look at picture 5. The girl says “Has Gary got your Radiohead CDs? I can lend you mine.
When is it possible to use “has/have got” in English?
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HAVE / HAVE GOT
Have Have got

Affirmative sentence
I’ve got…
I have… You’ve got…
You have… He’s got…
She has… It’s got…
He has… She’s got…
It has… They’ve got…
They have… We’ve got…
We have…
Usually the contracted form of “have” is
The contracted form of “have” is not used for “have got”
usually used for “have” by itself
Negative sentence
I don’t have… I haven’t got…
You don’t have… You haven’t got…
She doesn’t have… She hasn’t got…
He doesn’t have… He hasn’t got…
It doesn’t have… It hasn’t got…
They don’t have… They haven’t got…
We don’t have… We haven’t got…
Incorrect: I don’t have got

He doesn’t have got
Yes/No questions
Do I have…? Have I got…?
Do you have …? Have you got …?
Does she have …? Has she got …?
Does he have…? Has he got…?
Does it have…? Has it got…?
Do they have…? Have they got…?
Do we have…? Have we got…?
Incorrect: Do you have got …?

Does she have got …?
Information questions
Where do I have…? Where have I got…?
When do you have…? When have you got…?
How many siblings does she have…? How many siblings has she got…?
Why does he have…? Why has he got…?
Which one does it have…? Which one has it got…?
How often do they have…? How often have they got…?
What kind of pet do we have? What kind of pet have we got?
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Have got is ONLY used in the present simple tense. It CANNOT be used in any other tense.
In spoken and informal written English, have got can be used instead of have in four
situations. You can use have got to talk about:
1. Things we own or 2. Family and 3. People and 4. Illness or saying

possess relationships physical that you don’t feel
characteristics well
We have a house in I have a new Carol has brown eyes. I have a bad cold.
Vancouver. boyfriend. Carol’s got brown I’ve got a bad cold.
We’ve got a house in I’ve got a new eyes.
Vancouver. boyfriend. She doesn’t have a
He doesn’t have blond headache anymore.
She doesn’t have any Mike doesn’t have hair. She hasn’t got a
money. any brothers. He hasn’t got blond headache anymore.
She hasn’t got any Mike hasn’t got hair.
money. any brothers. Do you have the flu?
Does your sister have Have you got the flu?
He has a new car! Do you have any long hair?
He’s got a new car! children? Has your sister got
Have you got any long hair?
I have an idea! children?
I’ve got an idea!
EXERCISES
A. Put in have got or has got into the gaps. B. Put have/has and got into the gaps.
1. I have got a nice room. 1. Have you got a favorite singer?
2. Jack has got a new bike. 2. Has he got a blue car?
3. The sisters have got great teachers. 3. Have your parents got a stamp collection?
4. Emma has got lots of friends. 4. Has your teacher got a computer?
5. We have got a problem. 5. Where have you got your headphones?
6. Joe and Philip have got a sister. 6. When has he got classes?
7. My uncle has got two cars. 7. Why have you got so much money?
C. Write down about yourself. Say your full name, age, physical characteristics, your family
relationships, and the things you own. Share your information with the class.
Hi! I`m Nicolas Rosero Amador, I`m 25, My height is 180 cm, I have green eyes, I have a lot of
tattoos. I have a very good relationship whit my family. I have got a motorcycle it was a lot of
effort and I have got a new cellphone right now.
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LISTENING EXERCISES
1. Pronunciation: The Alphabet
2. Listening comprehension. 3. Listening comprehension.

Circle the letter you hear. Listen. Circle the correct spelling.
1. A K 1. Green Greene Grin

2. B E
3. M N 2 Leigh Lee Li
4. U O .
5. B Z 3 Katharine Katherine Catherine
.
6. Z C
7. F X
8. X S
9. B V
10. J G
11. L N
12. K J
13. D G
14. H K
14
15. A E
LISTENING EXERCISES
1. FAMOUS PEOPLE
Listen and write down the letters you hear. What famous names do the letters spell?
1. The matrix (a popular film)
2. Penelope Cruz (a film star)
3. Bart Simpson (a boy in a cartoon)
4. Juan Carlos Ferrero (a tennis player)
5. David Beckham (a football player)
6. Gwyneth Paltrow (an actress)
7. Quentin Tarantino (a film director)
2. MARIA’S FRIENDS
Listening to Maria asking four teenagers about their best friends. Complete the information.
1. MATT: Best friend is Jonny

How old is he? 13
What do they do together? Play football as much as possible, in the
same team
2. ELENA: Best friend is Raquel

When do they meet? See her every day in school and go out on
weekends
3. KELLY- ANNE: Best friend is Vicky

Why is she special? Is her sister
How old is Kelly-Anne? 13
4. TOM: Best friend is lucky his dog

Where do they go together? Walk to the river, lucky likes the water
SPEAKING
Listen, answer, and write short answers to Maria’s questions.
1. What’s your best friend called? Diego

2. Can you spell that?
3. How old is she or he? 27
4. When do you meet? We met in 2018
5. Where do you go together? _________________________________________
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6. What do you do together? __________________________________________
7. Why is your friend special? _________________________________________
ASKING ANSWERING
Ok… Well…
Right… That’s easy…
So… That’s difficult…
And… That’s right…
DICTOGLOSS
1. Listen to the teacher talk about Tom’s friends (The teacher makes a short introduction of
the text)
2. Move into groups of four.
3. Listen for meaning: Listen to the whole text.
4. Listen and take notes: Take notes listening key words.
My name is tom and I have got two very good friends at school, their names are Maria and
Joseph. Joseph is 20 years old; he lives in a small farm whit his family and he travel every
day to the school by bus. He has got a dog his name is Ringo. Ringo has got blue eyes and
he is sweet. Maria and i visit Joseph and his family, we love go there because we can do
many things, specially see animals, and go to the river. Maria is 21 years old she is smart,
and she is good at tennis, she plays tennis every day, and sometimes I play tennis whit her,
she has got red hair and beautiful green eyes
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5. Work in groups to reconstruct an approximation of the text from notes (one student acts as
the writer)
6. Compare the reconstructed text and the original. Notice the type of errors that got in the
way of understanding the text.
7. Classify your errors using the following list.
What problems did you have?
a. I couldn’t hear which sound it was.

b. I couldn’t separate the sounds into words.
c. I heard the words but I couldn’t remember their meaning quickly enough.
d. There were some new words for me.
e. I heard and understood the words but not the meaning of that part of the sentence.
f. Other problems.
PERSONALITY ADJECTIVES
1. Listen to the text you read on page 8 and find some adjectives Katie, Sarah and
Mandisa used to describe their friends. There are eight adjectives.
Adjectives used: C L E V E R T S S
S P E R F E C T E
1. Clever S P E C I A L B R
2. Perfect T E Y U E N T O I
3. Serious
F I N K E R C R O
4. funny
U A M I C A K I U
5. Friendly
N S B N R A Y N S
6. Special
7. Boring N T B D R O K G H
8. Kind Y F R I E N D L Y
2. Read the descriptions. What is the word for each person? Complete the words.
a. Ben is good at everything at school! C L E V E R

b. Louise is kind and helps everyone F R I E N D L Y
c. I like Pat more than all my other friends S P E C I A L
d. My friend Van is so great! A M A Z I N G
e. Everyone agrees that Rory is a really nice person L O V E L Y
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3. Read the descriptions in the left column (1 - 6). Which word in the right column (A - I)
matches each description?
1. A person who doesn’t tell lies or cheat people A. shy
2. A person who thinks only about himself B. furious
3. A person who is nervous in the company of others C. selfish
4. A person who likes to spend time in activities with other people than being alone D. honest
5. A person who wants to find out about something E. miserable
6. A person who is extremely angry F. extrovert
G. sensible
H. curious
I. confident
3. Choose and write some personality adjectives which you think best describe the
character of a good friend and a good student.
A good friend is
faithful(fiel) stubborn(obstinado) sensitive(sensible)
_____________________
shy(timido) cheerful(alegre) extrovert selfish(egoista)
___________________
honest modest upset(desepcionada) rude(rudo)
__________________ reliable(confinable) sincere pretty generous flexible
__________________ brave
A good student is
_________________________________ lazy polite hard-working
sensible nervous honest
_________________________________
curious confident stupid
_________________________________
inventive talkative loyal
______________________________________________
intelligent ambitious modest
______________________________________________
4. Explain your choice.
SPEAKING – QUESTIONNAIRE
 Pair work. Look at the questionnaire; ask questions to complete your questionnaire about
your partner. You can ask for difficult words to be spelled.
 Tell the class about your partner, using your questionnaire to help you.
Name:
Last name:
From:
Age:
Address:
Favorite music:
Favorite place(s):
Best friend?
Pet?
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TEN-MINUTE WRITING
WRITING: Who is the most important person in your life? Is he/she a family member or a
friend? What is he/she like?
LISTENING EXERCISES
1. Listen to the recording and write the CORRECT spelling for each name.
1 2 3 4 5 6
Denice Nique Ana Ebon Aike Manddi
2. Listen. Circle the correct spelling. Then spell each name aloud.
1. Smith Smyth Smythe
2. Karen Caren Caryn
3. Bill Gates Gil Bates Phil Tates
3. Listen to Mara talking about her new friends. What is each person like? For
questions 1-5, write a letter A-H next to each person.
Before listening
 Read all the names and options before you listen.
 Cross off the answers you choose.
 You may hear all the options but only five are correct.
 Check your answers on the second listening.
0 Luke G
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Friends Description
1 Isabel A Funny
2 Max B Clever
3 Jay C Boring
4 Suzie D Interesting
5 Katie e E Quiet
F Lucky
G Amazing
H Kind
3/2/1 SPEAKING ACTIVITY
SPEAKING: Who is the most important person in your life? Is he/she a family member or a
friend? What is he/she like?
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INTEGRATED-SKILL ACTIVITY - ARE YOU A GOOD FRIEND?
1. LISTENING: Laura asks Mike some questions about friendship to complete a survey. Choose the
answer that Laura writes for each question of the friend’s survey.
1. How many friends do you prefer to have? 2. When was the last time you forgot a
a. one or two friend's birthday?
b. three to five a. I never have
c. about 10 b. this year
d. as many as possible c. once many years ago
d. I do it quite often
3. Have you ever called a friend of yours at 4. Do your friends search for you when
three o'clock in the morning just to chat? they want...
a. never a. cheering up
b. once or twice b. some good advice
c. quite often c. someone to listen to them
d. night time is for sleeping
5. How often do you think about your friends?

a. throughout the day
b. every day
c. rarely
d. only when you need them
e. Laura doesn’t put an answer
2. SPEAKING: Walk around the classroom and ask your friends the same questions Laura asked
Mike as a survey. (At least 8 students)
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5
Student 1
Student 2
Student 3
Student 4
Student 5
Student 6
Student 7
Student 8
3. WRITING WITH FEEDBACK: Write about your best friend.

Who is your best friend? What is your best friend like? Why is your best
friend so special? How old is he/she? What do you do together? Does
he/she forget your birthday? Has your friend called you at three o’clock in
the morning to chat? Does your friend look for you when he/she wants some
good advice?
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UNIT 2: THE PRESENT
INTENSIVE READING
Read the text below about a festival in Spain.
Antonio lives in the city of Valencia in Spain. Every year he goes to La Tomatina Festival in
Buñol, a town near Valencia. The festival is on the last Wednesday in August, when
everyone comes into the main square to throw tomatoes at each other.
Before the fun begins, people cover the shop windows with plastic. Antonio always wears
his oldest clothes so he doesn’t get his best clothes dirty. He also always puts his camera
in a plastic bag to keep it clean. In the mornings trucks arrive in the main square, the Plaza
del Pueblo, bringing more than 100,000 kilos of tomatoes. The fight begins at 11 o’clock and
always lasts for two hours. At exactly 1 o’clock everyone stops. They never throw tomatoes
after 1 o’clock. Then they usually spend the rest of the day cleaning themselves and the
town!
In the evening, Antonio usually watches the fireworks, eats the local food and sometimes
joins in the dancing.
Are these sentences right or wrong? Underline the part of the text with the answer in.
1. Antonio comes from Buñol. false

2. The festival is at the beginning of August. false
3. Antonio never wears his best clothes to the festival. true
4. Everyone buys tomatoes from a local shop. false
5. The fight usually lasts for more than two hours. false
6. The next day everyone cleans the streets. false
7. Antonio always watches the fireworks. false
8. Antonio sometimes dances. true
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE GENERAL RULES
Affirmative and Negative sentences Questions Short answers

+ - I
I I we Yes, I/we/you/they do.
We We don’t work Where do you Yes, he/she/it does.
You work You do not work they
They They work? No, I/we/you/they don’t.
He He he No, he/she/it doesn’t
She works She doesn’t work When does she
It It does not work it
Examples: I work in an office. Examples: do you work?
She doesn’t work every day. When does she work?
We use the Present Simple for daily routines and activities. With I, we, you and they the Present
Simple affirmative form is the same as the infinitive. With he, she, and it we add –s to the
infinitive, but note these exceptions:
Spelling rules Verbs examples Sentences examples
Verbs ending in -ch, -s, -sh, -x Watch: Watches  She watches TV every night.
and -o we add -es. Go: Goes  He goes to school by bus.
Kiss: Kisses  He kisses very well.
Wash: Washes  It washes the clothes perfectly.
Verbs ending in consonant plus Study: Studies  He studies at night.

-y we omit -y and add -ies. Carry: Carries  She carries her book everywhere.
Fly: Flies  My mom flies to Madrid every year.
Cry: Cries  He usually cries when he is sad.
Verbs ending in vowel plus -y. Play: Plays  My dad plays soccer on weekends.
We add la -s. Buy: Buys  Maria buys groceries on Thursday.
Say: Says  She always says annoying things.
Pay: Pays  He pays his rent every month.
Note: The third person of have is has.
23
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE CONJUGATION
Pronoun Verb Complement Subjec Verb Complement
I get up at 5 a.m.
You go to bed at 9 p.m. t
He works from 8 to 6 She gets up about 7 o’clock
She studies In the morning
It rains every day She has a shower
We eat soup for lunch She brushes her teeth
You have breakfast with your family
They do their homework
Negative Sentences
Pron Auxiliary Verb Complement Sub verb + Verb Complem.
+ not
I do not get up at 5 a.m. not
You do not go to bed at 9 She does not drive to work
He does not work from 8 to 6
She does not study in the morning She does not go to bed at 9
It does not rain every day
We do not eat soup for lunch
You do not have breakfast with your family
They do not do their homework
Yes/No Question
Auxi. Subje. Verb Complement Aux. Subj Verb Comple.
do I get up at 5 a.m.? Does she drive to work?
do you go to bed at 9? Does she Go to bed at 9?
does he work from 8 to 6?
does she study in the morning?
does it rain every day?
do we eat soup for lunch?
do you have breakfast with your family?
do they do their homework?
WH Questions
Wh-Word Auxil. Subj. Verb Wh- Auxi. Su. Verb
What time do I get up?
What do you do? word
Where does he work? Where does she have lunch?
How many friends does she have?
How often does it rain? What does she eat for lunch?
What kind of food do we eat?
What time do you have lunch
Who do they study with?
24
SIMPLE TENSE EXERCISES
1. Add –s / -es / -ies to the following verbs.
1. teach: teaches 9. buzz: buzzes

2. fly: flies 10. watch: watches
3. run: runs 11. sit: sits
4. push: pushes 12. guess: guesses
5. fix: fixes 13. stop: stops
6. do: does 14. worry: worries
7. dance: dances 15. finish: finishes
8. go: goes 16. have: has
2. Use the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences, as in the example:
1. I ..live.. (live) in Edinburgh.

2. He does (do) his homework every evening.
3. She’s a teacher. She works (work) at primary school.
4. “Are you a singer?” “No, I’m a pilot. I fly (fly) airplanes.
5. Joan washes (wash) her hair every day.
6. The museum closes (close) at seven in the evening.
7. Daniel brushes (brush) his teeth every morning.
8. She studies (study) Science at university.
3. Write questions and negative answers as in the example.
Sentence Yes/no question Negative answer

0. Tom lives in England Does Tom live in England? No, Tom doesn’t live in England
1. Mr. Simpson teaches Math Does Mr. Simpson teach math? No, Mr. Simpson doesn`t teach
math
2. You like playing on the computer Do you like playing on the No, I don`t like playing on the
computer? computer
3. John and Sue work in a café Do john and sue work in a café? No, Jhon and Sue don`t work in a
café
4. They do the homework at night Do they do the homework at night? No, they don`t do the homework at
night
5. The baby cries all the time Does the baby cry all the time? No, the baby doesn`t cry all the
time
25
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
Always – 100% Use:

Usually – 80% - Before the main verb BUT after the verb ‘to be’
Often – 60% - Between the auxiliary verb and the main verb in negative sentences
Sometimes – 40% - After the subject in interrogative sentences.
Seldom – 20%
Never – 0%
A. Complete these sentences with the correct adverb of frequency.
1. I always get up at 9 o’clock. (100%)

I don’t always get up at 9 o`clock
Do you always get up at 9 o`clock?
2. My mother usually makes cakes on Tuesdays. (80%)
3. I am always hungry at lunch time. (100%)
4. I am often late for dinner. (60%)
5. Pete seldom has a party on his birthday. (20%)
6. We sometimes have fireworks on Christmas. (40%)
7. Sam meets his friends on vacation. (90%)
8. You never eat spaghetti with a knife. (0%)
B. Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions about the frequency you do these
activities.
How often do you…?
1. Go to the cinema 6. Go to the zoo 11. Listen to music

2. Clean your room 7. Visit your grandparents 12. Do sports
3. Watch TV 8. Go skiing 13. Go shopping
4. Use a computer 9. Go swimming 14. Cook
5. Play video games 10. Hang out with friends 15. Eat fast food
26
1. I often go to the cinema
2. I usually clean my room
3. I never watch TV
4. I usually use the computer
5. I usually play video games
6.
27
READING tarea
Read about New Year in Japan. Fill each space with one of the verbs from the box in
the correct form. Two of the verbs are negative
stay begin eat (two times) go (three times) come

clean send watch listen drink
ring enjoy make receive do
Akiko Imai (1) __comes__ from Japan. Many young Japanese people often (2) go away with their friends at New
Year but Akiko (3) doesn`t usually go away, she (4) stay at home with her family. In Japan, New Year (5) begin
on 31st December. On that day, Akiko (6) watches TV and (7) eats a special kind of pasta called soba. At
midnight, she (8) listens to the sound of the temple bell ringing. It (9) rings 108 times. On New Year’s Day, 1 st
January, Akiko and her family (10) drink sake, a kind of rice wine. After, they all (11) eat Popular foods like rice
cake and soup. It is a special day for children because they (12) receive some money in special envelopes from
their relatives. Before New Year’s Day, Japanese people usually (13) Clean their houses, (14) make a lot of food
and (15) do a lot of shopping. Akiko often (16) sends greetings cards to her friends. New Year is one of the most
important days in Japan and Akiko always (17) enjoys it because she (18) doesn`t go to school on that day!
VOCABULARY: DATES
Review the following vocabulary related to dates. Listen to the pronunciation.
Days Months Ordinal numbers

st
1 first 16th sixteenth
Monday January 2nd second 17th seventeenth
rd
February 3 third 18th eighteenth
Tuesday th
4 fourth 19th nineteenth
March
th
Wednesday April 5 fifth 20th twentieth
th
May 6 sixth 21st twenty first
Thursday th
7 seventh 22nd twenty second
June
Friday July 8th eighth 23rd twenty third
th
August 9 ninth 24th twenty fourth
Saturday th
10 tenth 25th twenty fifth
September
th
Sunday October 11 eleventh 26th twenty sixth
th
November 12 twelfth 27th twenty seventh
th
December 13 thirteenth 28th twenty eighth
14th fourteenth 29th twenty ninth
th
15 fifteenth 30th thirtieth
31st thirty first
28
LISTENING
A. Listen and write the MONTHS you hear.
1. June 6. February
2. January 7. November
3. October 8. April
4. September 9. May
5. July 10. December
11. March
12. August
29
B. Listen and circle the 16 dates that you hear. The first one is done for you.
January February March

S M Tu W Th F S S M Tu W Th F S S M Tu W Th F S
u u u
1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 1 12 1 14 8 9 10 1 12 1 14
11 12 13 1 15 1 17 1 3 1 3
4 6 15 16 17 1 19 2 21 15 16 17 1 19 2 21
18 19 20 2 22 2 24 8 0 8 0
1 3 22 23 24 2 26 2 28 22 23 24 2 26 2 28
25 26 27 2 29 3 31 5 7 5 7
8 0 29 30 31
April May June

u u u
1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 6 7 8 9 1 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 1 11 1 13
0 10 11 12 1 14 1 16 0 2
12 13 14 1 16 1 18 3 5 14 15 16 1 18 1 20
5 7 17 18 19 2 21 2 23 7 9
19 20 21 2 23 2 25 0 2 21 22 23 2 25 2 27
2 4 24 25 26 2 28 2 30 4 6
26 27 28 2 30 7 9 28 29 30
9 31
July August September

u u u
1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5
5 6 7 8 9 1 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 1 12
0 9 10 11 1 13 1 15 1
12 13 14 1 16 1 18 2 4 13 14 15 1 17 1 19
5 7 16 17 18 1 20 2 22 6 8
19 20 21 2 23 2 25 9 1 20 21 22 2 24 2 26
2 4 23 24 25 2 27 2 29 3 5
26 27 28 2 30 3 6 8 27 28 29 3
9 1 30 31 0
October November December

u u u
1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 1 12 1 14 6 7 8 9 10 1 12
11 12 13 1 15 1 17 1 3 1
4 6 15 16 17 1 19 2 21 13 14 15 1 17 1 19
18 19 20 2 22 2 24 8 0 6 8
1 3 22 23 24 2 26 2 28 20 21 22 2 24 2 26
25 26 27 2 29 3 31 5 7 3 5
8 0 29 30 27 28 29 3 31
0
30
C. Listen and write the dates and events you hear. There are 5 events.
11 September 2001
4 July 1776
21 July 969
8 May 1945
9 November 1989
31
SPEAKING
Pair work: Read the following words and phrases. Talk with your partner about the usual
activities you do and the food you eat during these dates, days, and celebrations. Ask follow
up questions.
1. Your birthday 3. Mother’s Day 5. Christmas day

2. Love and friendship day 4. Holy week 6. New Year’s Eve
Example:
Student A: When is your birthday?
Student B: My birthday is on September 5th. When is yours?
Student A: Mine is on Friday.
Student B: This Friday?
Student A: Yes, on July 15th.
Student B: Fun! How do you usually celebrate your birthday?
Student A: Well, my family, especially my mom, prepares my favorite dish.
Student B: Oh, really? And what’s your favorite dish?
Student A: Chicken with lemon and salad with seeds.
WRITING
Write a note to friend telling him/her about a festival in your hometown. (25-30 words)
Say:
- When the festival is
- What you do at the festival
- What you eat
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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*BREAKFAST, LUNCH, AND DINNER
1. Look at the photos. Tell your partner what you see and what you usually eat for
breakfast/lunch/dinner.
I usually eat ……. for breakfast/lunch/dinner
*2. Complete the puzzle below to find the word in the middle.
33
PRONUNCIATION /ɪ/, /iː/
1. Watch the video about the pronunciation of these two sounds.
2. Listen and repeat these words. Then write them in group 1 or group 2 below.
chicken cheese meal fish leave meat fill biscuit bin

tea chips eat feel seat dinner sit live beans
Group 1 /ɪ/ chicken Group 2 /iː/ cheese
Listen to the recording to check your answers.
LISTENING
Listen to Jack and Katie talking about food and drink. Write J for Jack and K for Katie.
Who…
always has a big breakfast?

buys a cake for a snack?
has chips or pizza for lunch?
thinks salad is good for you?
prefers water to juice?
doesn’t like coffee or tea?
loves chocolate?
doesn’t like ice cream?
34
What’s the time? What time is it?
2:00 – It’s two o’clock
2:05 – its five past/after two 2:35 – it’s twenty-five to three
2:10 – it’s ten past/after two 2:40 – it’s twenty to three
2:15 – it’s quarter past/after two 2:45 – it’s quarter to three
2:20 – It’s twenty past/after two 2:50 – it’s ten to three
2:25 – it’s twenty-five past/after two 2:55 – it’s five to three
2:30 – it’s half past/after two
Look at the clocks. What’s the time? / What time is it?
35
Solucion:
1. Seven o`clock
2. It`s quarter past seven
3. It`s half past seven
4. Ìt`s a quarter to eight
5. It`s five past seven
6. It`s five to eight
7. It`s twenty to eight
8. It`s twenty five past seven
9. It`s twenty five to eight
10. It`s twenty past seven
11. It`s ten to eight
12. It`s ten past seven
LISTENING
Listen to Tom talking with his daddy about his daily life in Vancouver. Choose the
correct answer.
1. What time does Tom get up?
A B C
2. What time does Tom’s father leave for work?
A B D
3. Tom leaves home at:
Nine thirty Eight o’clock Half past eight

A B C
4. What time does Tom eat lunch?
Twelve o’clock One o’clock Half past

A B
twelve
C
5. What does Tom eat for lunch?
36
A B C
6. What time does Tom finish school?
A B C
7. Tom may be at home at around:
Two thirty Half past three At noon

A B C
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
PREPOSITIONS EXERCISE
ACTIVITY 1: Complete the text with the correct time preposition: IN, ON, AT.
37
My father’s name is Jack. He is a math’s teacher in an elementary school. (1) in the
mornings he usually gets up (2) at 6:30. But this is only (3) on weekdays, because (4)
on weekends he gets up later. (5) on Tuesday and Thursdays he has lunch in the school
(6) at 12:30, because he has lessons both (7) in the morning and (8) in the afternoon.
The other days he finishes work (9) at noon, so he comes home for lunch. He
sometimes corrects exercises (10) in the evenings after dinner.
My father has his summer holiday (11) in August. He has a difficult job, but he loves it!
38
ACTIVITY 2: Complete the sentences with the correct time preposition:
1. What do you usually do on weekends?

in
2. My father doesn’t work on Saturdays.
3. The film starts at 11:00 p.m. and finishes at midnight.
4. in spring, my garden is full of flowers.
on 5. William Shakespeare was born on 1564.
6. My mum’s birthday is on May 5th.
7. Our office is closed in August.
at 8. There are a lot of stars in the sky at night.
9. My best friend always phones me in the evening.
10. on my birthday I always have a big party.
11. I love reading in bed on Sunday mornings.
LISTENING - ROUTINES
A. Listen to Rachel talking about her day. Complete the notes.
Breakfast – 8.00 am
Tea (1) , orange juice toast
Lunch – (2) 1:15 pm
Salad
A cake chocolate
(3)water
Dinner – (4) 6:30 pm
Chicken or (5) fish
Rice or pasta (6) coffee
39
B. People are talking about their daily routines. Listen and check the things each
person does.
Peter Amelia Charli

e
1. Gets up early X X
2. goes running X X
3. has breakfast X X
4. takes the bus X
5. takes the subway X
6. texts friends X
7. goes to work X
8. plays video games X X
9. watches TV X
10. hangs out with Friends X
11. reads X
WRITING WITH FEEDBACK
A. Look at Ben’s routine. Write down about his daily routine.
get dressed
1 2 3 4 5
Ben wakes up at half past five. He
6 8
9
7
11 12 13 14
10
40
B. Write a paragraph about your routine. Write about one weekday and/or the weekend.
Say what you usually eat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner on that day.
SPEAKING
A. Make some questions to ask your classmate. Use these words.

1. What / your surname? 6. What part of / live in?
2. Where / live? 7. What / like doing in your free time
3. How /old? 8. What time / get up on Sundays?
4. How / travel to college? 9. What / usually / on weekends?
5. Where / come from? 10. What / eat for lunch?
B. Discuss the questions below with your partner.

Student A
1. What time do you usually go to bed at night? Should you go to bed earlier?
2. What do you often eat for breakfast? Do you think it’s healthy food?
3. What time do you arrive at school or work? Are you ever late?
4. What time do you eat lunch? Do you eat alone or with other people?
5. What time do you get home after school or work? Are you tired when you get home?
6. What’s your favorite TV show? Why do you like it?
7. How much time do you spend on-line each day? Is it too much?
8. What time do you usually eat dinner?
9. What hobbies do you have? What’s your favorite hobby?
10. How do you like to relax in the evenings?
Student B
1. What time do you usually get up in the morning?

2. What do you often eat for lunch?
3. How do you travel to school or work (bus, taxi…)?
4. Where do you eat lunch? What do you usually eat for lunch?
5. What do you like to do after school or work?
6. How many hours of TV do you usually watch each day? Is it too much?
7. What’s your favorite website? Why do you like it?
8. Can you cook? How often do you cook dinner?
9. Tell me about your best friend. How often do you see him/her?
10. What time do you go to bed at night? Do you think you should go to bed earlier?
41
DICTATION
Listen to your teacher and write the text. The text is about a man called Tom who
works at a bank.
SPEAKING
Conversation. You and your partner will speak to each other about the routine of someone
else. You will ask and answer questions. The teacher will give you a card with some
information on it. The teacher will give your partner a card with some words on it. Your partner
will use the words on the card to ask you questions about the information you have. Then you
will change roles. These are examples of the cards.
Student A Student B
His name? Arthur Fernandez

First name/spell?
-Lawyer
Occupation or What/do? -From Monday to Friday:
Office work from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m.
Do/From Monday to Friday? Homework from 3 p.m. to 7 p.m.
What time/lunch? What/ eat? -Lunch time: 1:30 (soup, rice, salad,
chicken and for dessert cake)
Do/weekends?
-Saturday - Sunday: Study a master’s
Where? degree
Free time activities? -University of Cauca
-Sometimes eat out with friends, go swimming,

and read
42
Antony Andrade His name/spell?
Occupation or What/do
-Student
Do/Mondays mornings?
-Monday morning:
Time/classes finish?
Accounting Classes start
at 7 a.m. Do/afternoon?
-Classes finish at 1 p.m. Do/evening?
-Monday afternoon: Make copies, do What time/dinner?
homework, and study English
-Monday evening: Go to the gym and eat with What/eat?
girlfriend. Time/go to bed?
-Dinner time: 6:30 p.m. (fish, salad, and water)
-Monday night: Go to bet at 10 p.m.
*INFORMATION TRANSFER – WRITING
1. Look at Vanessa’s daily routine. Write sentences under the pictures. Then compare with a
partner.
I walk to work. Every night, I write jokes.

Weekdays, I get up at 7:30. I have breakfast with my parents.
At 5:00, I finish work. I start work at 9:00.
At 1:30, I take a lunch break. On Saturdays, I tell my jokes at a comedy club.
1. Weekdays, I get 2. __________________ 3. __________________

up at 7:30. 4. _________________
____________________ ____________________ ___________________
5. _______________ 6. _______________
_________________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________
_________________ _________________ _________________
43
2. Watch the video sequence and take notes. Then, write about Vanessa’s routine.

SPEAKING: Speak about your routine. Speak about one weekday and/or the weekend. Say
what you usually eat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner on that day.
INTEGRATED-SKILL ACTIVITY
A. SPEAKING: Look at the pictures of Katy. What does she do every day? Tell your
partner about her daily activities.
B.
LISTENING: Listen to Katy talking
about her day and fill in the missing information
below. Remember she may use different words from the ones you see here.
At 6:30 a.m. she goes to the (1) ______________ on foot.

At (2) _______________ she has breakfast.
Her subject is (3) ___________________.
In the afternoon she usually goes to the (4) __________________.
There is always a match on (5) ______________________ afternoons.
In the evenings, she likes (6) ______________________.
When she finishes her course, she wants to be a (7) __________________.
44
C. READING: Read the recording transcript. Listen again and check your answers.
My name is Katy Williamson and I’m a student at Southgate University. I’m

the captain of the university women’s football team. Women’s football is
becoming more and more popular, and the team is really busy playing
matches all over the country.
I get up at 6 a.m. and at 6:30 I go to the gym. I always walk. I
usually spend about an hour there and I walk back to the university and have
a huge breakfast in the student canteen at about a quarter past eight. I meet
all my friends there, so breakfast sometimes takes a long time. Lectures are
from 10 o’clock until about 1:00. I’m studying biology, so I spend quite a lot of
time in the laboratories.
I usually have lunch in the canteen, but I sometimes go to a café
over the road. After lunch I usually study in the library. There’s sometimes
football practice between 5 and 6, so I have to work hard to finish all my work
before then. We play matches against other university women’s teams on
Friday afternoons, so I have to make sure I’m always free then. Then I have
my evening meal – usually in the canteen because it’s cheaper there. In the
evenings I like watching TV – I’m usually too tired to do anything else. And I
go to bed really early, about 10.
When I leave university next year, I want to be a nurse, but I’ll
continue playing football as a hobby because I love it.
45
UNIT 3: THE PAST
INTENSIVE READING
1. Match the people below with their nationality. What are they famous for?
Roald Amundsen American
Ferdinand Magellan British
Ranulph Fiennes Spanish
Neil Armstrong Portuguese
Hernan Cortes Italian
Marco Polo Norwegian
Where did the Polo family come from? They were a rich family and they lived in
Italy over 750 years ago. They travelled all over the Mediterranean. They
bought and sold things like gold and silver. Marco was born in 1254 in Venice.
Marco was only six years old when his father and uncle went on their first
journey to China. In China, they met the king of the Mongols, Kublai Khan.
Marco didn’t see his father again for nine years. He was 15 when his father and
uncle returned from China. The next time his father and uncle decided to go to
China they took Marco with them. This was in 1271, they went by ship to Turkey
and then used horses. It was a long journey.
In 1275 they arrived in Khanbalik (modern Beijing) and saw Kublai Khan; he talked to them and asked
them many questions. He liked Marco and so he gave him a job. What did Marco do in China? Well,
he traveled all over the country. He saw that the Chinese used paper money and used a machine to
print books.
He visited the largest city in China, called Kinsai, many times. He said that the people in Kinsai wore
beautiful clothes and ate good food. There were ten big markets in Kinsai, and they sold everything
people wanted.
Marco stayed in China for 17 years. The journey home took Marco and his family two years. In Italy,
Marco decided to write a book about his life in China. Many people didn’t believe Marco’s stories at
first. Later, they believed him. Marco died in 1324.
2. Read the information about Marco Polo. Are the sentences Right or Wrong? If there is no
information, check ‘Doesn’t say’.
Right Wrong Doesn’t
say
a. Marco first went to China when he was six years old. x
b. It took Marco and his family a long time to get to China. X
c. Marco travelled to China by boat and on a horse. X
d. Marco spoke to Kublai Khan. X
e. Marco liked Kublai Khan very much. X
f. Kinsai had twelve markets. x
g. Marco took a long time to write his book about China. X
h. Marco died a poor man. x
46
3. Look at paragraph 1 in the story about Marco Polo. Find the past simple form of these verbs.
Regular verbs Irregular verbs
Live ________________ Buy ________________
Travel _________________ Sell ________________
Be ________________
Now complete these sentences.
Making a question:
Where ___________ the Polo family ___________ from?
Making a negative:
Many people __________ ____________ Marco’s stories at first.
SIMPLE PAST FORM

Other Verbs Verb To be
Subject Verb Complement Pronoun Verb Complement
Marco went to China I was 3 years old
He saw Kublai Khan You wer my friend
He asked many questions e
Marco traveled all over the country He / she / it was my partner
He visited the largest city in China We / they wer classmates
e
Negative Sentences
Other Verbs Pron. To be+not Complement
Subj. Aux+not Verb Complem. I was not 3 years old
Marco did not See his father for 9 You were not my friend
years He / she / It was not my partner
He did not travel when he was We / they were not classmates
a child
He did not travel by bus
Yes/No Question
Other Verbs To be Subject Complement
Aux. Subject Verb Complem. Was I 3 years old?
Did Marco work Were You my friend?
? Was He / she / it my partner ?
Did Marco have children? Were we / they classmates?
Did he like his job?
WH-Questions
Other Verbs WH word To be Subject
WH-word Aux Sub. Verb Where was I?
What Did Marco study? What kind of person were you?
How many horses Did he use? How many chairs were there?
What habits Did he have? Who was he?
What kind of things Did Marco do in China? When was it?
What color was it?
How tall were we?
Why were you here?
47
How old were they?
IRREGULAR VERBS LIST
INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE SPANISH
be was / were Been ser, estar

become Became Become convertirse en, hacerse
begin Began Begun empezar, comenzar
bite Bit Bitten morder
blow Blew Blown Soplar
break Broke Broken romper
bring Brought Brought llevar, traer
build Built Built construir
buy Bought Bought comprar
can Could been able Poder
catch Caught Caught coger, atrapar, tomar
choose Chose Chosen elegir, escoger
come Came Come Venir
cost Cost Cost Costar
cut Cut Cut Cortar
do Did Done Hacer
draw Drew Drawn Dibujar
drink Drank Drunk Beber
drive Drove Driven conducir
eat Ate Eaten Comer
fall Fell Fallen Caer
feel Felt Felt Sentir
fight Fought Fought pelear, luchar
find Found Found encontrar
fly Flew Flown Volar
forget Forgot Forgotten olvidarse
forgive Forgave Forgiven perdonar
freeze Froze Frozen congelar
get Got got / gotten recibir, conseguir, llegar
give Gave Given Dar
go Went Gone Ir
grow Grew Grown Crecer
hang Hung Hung Colgar
have Had Had Tener
hide Hid Hidden esconder
hit Hit Hit pegar, golpear
hold Held Held sostener
hurt Hurt Hurt hacer daño
keep Kept Kept guardar, continuar
know Knew Known conocer, saber
lead Led Led liderar, guiar, conducir
leave Left Left irse, dejar
lend Lent Lent prestar
48
INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE SPANISH
let Let Let permitir, alquilar

lose Lost Lost Perder
make Made Made Hacer
mean Meant Meant significar, querer decir
meet Met Met conocer, reunirse, encontrarse
pay Paid Paid Pagar
put Put Put poner, colocar
read /ri:d/ read /red/ read /red/ Leer
ride Rode Ridden montar (en transporte)
ring Rang Rung llamar, sonar
rise Rose Risen levantarse, alzarse, subir
run Ran Run correr
say Said Said decir, contar
see Saw Seen ver
sell Sold Sold vender
send Sent Sent enviar, remitir
set Set Set poner, colocar
show Showed Shown mostrar, enseñar
shut Shut Shut cerrar
sing Sang Sung cantar
sink Sank Sunk hundirse
sit Sat Sat sentarse
sleep Slept Slept dormir
speak Spoke Spoken hablar
spend Spent Spent gastar dinero, pasar tiempo
steal Stole Stolen robar
swim Swam Swum nadar
take Took Taken tomar, llevar
teach Taught Taught enseñar
tell Told Told decir, contar
think Thought Thought Pensar
throw Threw Thrown lanzar, tirar, arrojar
understand understood Understood entender, comprender
wake Woke Woken Despertarse
wear Wore Worn llevar puesto
win Won Won Ganar
write Wrote Written Escribir
49
SIMPLE PAST EXERCISES
1. Complete with the verb in past.

1. Mary ____________________ the homework at school. (do)
2. I _________________________________ class yesterday. (not/attend)
3. They_________________________ together. (study)
4. Jenny and Peggy_____________________ Mathematics. (not/like)
5. I __________________ Andrew’s friend. (be)
6. Paula___________________ with Peter at high school. (dance)
7. The boys _________________ irresponsible with their assignments. (not/be)
8. He________________ soccer at high school. (play)
9. The teacher_____________________ their lessons very well. (not/prepare)
10. The school_______________ full of girls and boys. (be)
2. Complete the sentences.

I (1)_______________ (get) good grades at high school. My favorite subject (2)_________________
(be) History. I (3)__________________ (not/study) with my friends. I (4) _________________ (study)
alone. I (5) ___________________ (want) to be the best student, but there (6) ________________
(be) too many subjects to study. I (7) ____________________ (finish) my secondary studies when I
(8) ______________ (be) sixteen years old.
3. Circle the correct form of the verb BE.

1. She is 30 now, so last year she _____ 29. 2. When I ____ a child we lived in Rome.
a. was a. was
b. were b. were
3. _____ it a good film? 4. Where _____ you yesterday afternoon?

a. was a. was
b. were b. were
5. I didn’t buy those jeans because they _____ 6. Why _____ he so angry?
too expensive. a. was
a. was b. were
b. were
4. Write questions.
Example: (you / where / go?) ------- Where did you go?
1. (she / Where / stay at?) ___________________________________________________________
2. (be / the weather / nice?) __________________________________________________________
3. (he / What / do / in the evenings?) ___________________________________________________
4. (be / Why / you / there?) ___________________________________________________________
5. (you / How much / spend?) _________________________________________________________
6. (you / Who / be / with?) ____________________________________________________________
7. (like the most / What / you?) _______________________________________________________
50
-ed
SPELLING - Regular verbs in the past simple
Regular verbs in the past simple end in –ed.
 If the verb ends in –e (e.g., decide) add –d: They decided to go to China.
 If the verb ends in a consonant + vowel + consonant (e.g., travel) double the last letter and
add –ed: They travelled all over the Mediterranean.
 If the verb ends in consonant + y (e.g. study) –y becomes –ied: He studied the country
carefully.
 If the verb ends in vowel + y (e.g., stay) add –ed: He stayed there for 17 years.
What is the past simple of the following verbs?
1. Arrive ______________ 6. Return ______________

2. Stop ______________ 7. Like ______________
3. Help ______________ 8. Play ______________
4. Look ______________ 9. Carry ______________
5. Use ______________ 10. Open ______________
PRONUNCIATION - REGULAR PAST ENDINGS
A. Rules: Regular past endings are pronounced differently depending on the last sound of the
verb.
1. When the verb ends in the sounds: /p/ /k/ /f/ /th/ /s/ /sh/ /ch/ the –ed ending sounds /t/
/p/ /k/ /f/ /th/ /s/ /sh/ /ch/
helped Cooked laughed Bathed closed finished watched
2. When the verb ends in the sounds: /b/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /r/ and vowel sounds the –ed
ending sounds /d/
/b/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /r/ /a/ /e/
robbed Jogged Lived apologized Called formed cleane answered played freed
d
3. When the verb ends in the sounds: /d/ or /t/ the –ed ending sounds /id/
/d/ /t/
added invited
decided visited
divided acted
needed corrected
51
B. Underline all the regular verbs in the story about Marco Polo and decide which column,
/t/, /d/, or /Id/, to put them.
/t/ /d/ /id/

Used Traveled Decided
Talked Lived Printed
Asked Returned Visited
Liked Arrive Wanted
Called
Believed
Stayed
Died
* Listen to the recording to check your answers.
C. Listen to these people talk about what they did last night. Complete with the verbs in past.
WHAT DID YOU DO LAST NIGHT?
1. Josh: Let me think. I stayed home, played a video game and listened to a new CD. That’s it!
2. Mari: I tried to study for a math exam while my roommate practiced her flute.
3. Peter: Well, my wife rented a DVD, so we watched a movie. But I didn’t like it much.
4. Melissa: I didn’t want to go out, so I invited a couple of friends over and we cooked dinner.
5. Rachel: Oh, I just worked late and then cleaned the house. You know – the usual.
6. Stephen: I chatted online with my friend Jay. He’s living in Italy.
Now classify the verbs under the three sounds according to their pronunciation:
/t/ /d/ /id/

Watched Stayed Rented
Cooked Played Invited
Worked Listened Chatted
practice Tried
Cleaned
52
D. What did you do last night? Answer this question using regular verbs and pronounce them
correctly.
53
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Who is it?
A. Listen to these people’s extraordinary lives and check the right answer to each
question.
1. John F Kennedy was president of USA in:

a. the 1950s b. the 1960s c. the 1970s
2. The scientist Marie Curie was born in:
a. Paris b. Warsaw c. Geneva
3. Laurent and Hardy were:
a. singers b. businessmen c. comedians
4. The Beatles were originally from:
a. London b. Manchester c. Liverpool
5. The composer Beethoven was:
a. blind b. deaf c. both
6. The Chinese communist Mao Ze Dong was born:
a. in 1973 b. 1893 c. 1993
7. Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky and Chekhov were Russian:
a. composers b. writers c. ballet dancers
8. Galileo was an Italian:
a. mathematician and scientist b. opera singer c. footballer
B. Listen to two students playing ‘Who is it?’ Who is the famous person?
C. Now, you play. tarea

Player A thinks of a famous person from the past. Player B asks up to twelve questions to find
out the name of the person. Then switch roles.
EXAMPLE:
B: were you a man?
A: Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. Leonardo da vinci
B: Did you paint pictures?
A: No, I didn’t. / Yes, I did.
Write about a famous person from the past you know well.
54
READING AND WRITING
Read the information about Madame Tussaud’s museum in London. Choose the best word
(A, B, or C) for each space (1-12).
One very famous place for tourists in London is Madame Tussaud’s museum. Here
people __0__ see figures of famous people made of wax.
Madame Tussaud (1) was born in France (2) in 1761. Her uncle, a doctor, (3) the wax
figures of people. He (4) opened a museum of (5) _______ figures in Paris. Marie (6)
______ him in his work.
(7)______ 1789, during the French Revolution, Marie (8) ______ sent to prison. Here
she (9) ______ copy the heads of famous people when they (10) ______ dead,
including Queen Marie Antoinette’s.
(11) ______ 1795, Marie married Francois Tussaud and in 1802 she (12) ______ to
London with her wax figures. Here she opened a museum, and her figures can still be
seen today.
0. A. can B. could C would

.
1. A. were B. was C be
.
2. A. in B. the C on
.
3. A. makes B. make C made
.
4. A. opened B. opent C opens
.
5. A. this B. these C that
.
6. A. helping B. helps C helped
.
7. A. On B. In C The
55
.
8. A. was B. were C be
.
9. A. had to B. has to C have to
.
10. A. were B. was C been
.
11. A. The B. In C On
.
12 A. come B. came C comes
.
LISTENING
A. Listen to a girl called Melanie talking about a school trip to Paris. Circle the correct answer.
1. Number of days in Paris: 2 / 5

2. Coach left school at: 5.00 / 5.30 am
3. Cost of trip: £240 / £214
4. Name of the hotel in Paris: BERRI / VERRY
5. Enjoyed shopping / boat trip best
B. Now listen to Melanie again and answer with short answers.
1. Did the students arrive at school late?

2. Did Melanie like the coach journey?
3. Did they stop at a café on the motorway for some sandwiches?
4. Did it take eight hours to go from London to Paris?
5. Did they stay at a new hotel?
6. Did Melanie speak French all the time?
7. Did Melanie buy a present for her sister?
8. Did she take lots of photos?
9. Did she enjoy the trip?
10. Did they arrive back in London late?
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C. Listen to Lisa talking to James about her trip to Tokyo. For questions 1-5 choose A,
B or C.
Before listening
 Read the questions and options carefully.
 Remember that the questions are in the order that you will hear them.
 Think about each question separately.
1. How long was Lisa’s journey? A. Seven hours

B. Eleven hours
C. Thirteen hours
2. What did Lisa do in the plane? A. She watched a film

B. She listened to music
C. She slept
3. What did Lisa like best on the trip? A. The theme park
B. The shopping
C. The palace
4. What did Lisa buy? A. A Japanese doll

B. Some CDs
C. Some T-shirts
5. What did Lisa eat at the restaurant? A. Fish

B. An omelette
C. Chicken and rice
SPEAKING
A. Ask your partner questions about an interesting trip he or she did last year.
EXAMPLE: Where / go?
A: Where did you go?
B: I went to an art gallery / to a museum / to London …
1. When / go? 5. How much / cost?

2. How / travel? 6. What / see?
3. What / do? 7. How long / stay?
4. Who / go with? 8. What / like the most?
B. Join another partner and tell him/her about your previous partner’s trip.
57
TEN-MINUTE WRITING
WRITING: Write about an interesting trip you did last year.
WRITING: INFORMATION TRANSFER
 Watch the video: ‘How was your vacation?’

 Take notes
 Write a paragraph describing the man’s vacation.
LISTENING
Exercise 1
These people didn’t have a good vacation. What did they do? Listen and circle the correct
answer.
1. a. went away 5. a. went to the beach

b. stayed home b. went to the country
2. a. went to Hawaii 6. a. went skiing

b. went to Okinawa b. stayed home
3. a. went away 7. a. went skiing

b. stayed home b. stayed home
4. a. invited relatives to stay 8. a. went to as Vegas

b. visited relatives b. went to Los Angeles
Exercise 2
A. Did the people enjoy their vacations? Listen and check the correct answer.
1. ____ yes 5. ____ yes
58
____ no ____ no
2. ____ yes 6. ____ yes
____ no ____ no
3. ____ yes 7. ____ yes
____ no ____ no
4. ____ yes 8. ____ yes
____ no ____ no
B. Listen again. What word completes each statement? Write the correct letter.
1. The weather was _____ a. Fantastic

2. The people were _____ b. Terrible
3. The ski trip was _____ c. Disappointing
4. Their trip to France was very _____ d. Nice
5. Her trip to the beach was _____ e. Clean
6. The hotel wasn’t _____ f. Awful
7. The shopping in Thailand was _____ g. Short
8. His vacation was too _____ h. Terrific
SPEAKING
A. Prepare a short presentation about your last vacation. Talk about all the things you did, the
places you went, the people you were with, etc.
B. Make groups of 4 students and present the information to the group.
READING AND WRITING
Complete the massage. Write one word for each space.

Hello, dear Aunt Rosaly,
Mom asked (1) _______ to let you know that I arrived home today. I enjoyed
travelling back (2) _______ bus, and I was surprised that (3) _______ only took me
three hours to get home. Thank you very (4) _______ for looking after me (5)
_______ I was in Bogotá.
Being in Bogotá was nice, especially because my cousin was with (6) _______. I
think I miss him already. I (7) _______ we can see each other soon again.
Love (8) _______.
59
SPEAKING: Talk about your last vacation. Talk about all the things you did, the places you
went, the people you were with, etc.
LISTENING: TELL YOUR LIFE STORY
Listen to Marlene talking about her life. Which picture relates to each extract?
Extract A= picture ___ Extract C= picture ___ Extract E= picture ___

Extract B = picture ___ Extract D = picture ___ Extract F = picture ___
WRITING: Write your biography. (100 words)

Year you were born.
Place where you were born.
School you went to.
Activities you did at school.
60
Program you chose to study.
Difficult moments.
Good times, etc.
UNIT 4: SHOPPING
INTENSIVE READING
A. Read the text and look for the unknown vocabulary, pay special attention to the
words in bold letters.
When you go shopping if something costs a lot of money then it

is expensive. But if it is on sale then it is usually cheap. I like to
buy some clothes for special occasions, but I don’t like to spend
any extra money in accessories. When you pay for something, if
you have enough money in your pocket you can pay with cash. If
you don’t, you can put it on your credit card or write a check. I
usually pay with cash but right now I don’t have any money with
me, so I have to ask my mother to lend me some money to go
shopping. Sometimes it is nice to get a discount. It’s also nice to get a good service. In
restaurants, for example, when the service isn’t good, then you don’t have to leave a tip. In
some countries when you go shopping you also must pay a tax. I really like to shop when I
have the opportunity and I prefer to go with some of my friends than by myself, so they can
give me opinions about the clothes I want to buy and if there aren’t any nice clothes for me,
61
they can tell me too.
B. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. When is something expensive?

2. What does the woman doesn’t like to buy?
3. How can you pay?
4. What is a tip?
5. Why does the woman like to go shopping with friends?
62
LISTENING AND READING
Read and Listen to the following conversation.

Write the missing numbers.
Kevin: Good morning. Swimshop, Kevin speaking. How can I help you?
Sally: Hello. I’ve got your catalogue here and I’d like some information. Can
you give me some prices?
Kevin: Of course. Please tell me the page number you’re looking at.
Sally: OK. The first thing is on page (1) _____ and it’s the Maru swimming
costume, the blue and green one.
Kevin: OK, the small and medium sizes are £22.65 and the large one is
(2) £ _____.
Sally: Right. I’d like to order that, please, size small.
Kevin: Fine. Have you got any more things to order?
Sally: Yes, I’d like some pool shoes for water sports. They’re on page
(3) _______. How much are the blue and yellow ones?
Kevin: Well, they were £ 16.50 but they’re in the sale now and they’re only
(4) £ ____. But we don’t have any left in small sizes. What shoe size
are you?
Sally: I’m a (5) _______.
Kevin: Let me check. Yes, we’ve got a pair in that size.
Sally: Great. Well, that’s all I need. My name
and address is …
63
GRAMMAR SOME / ANY
Look at the following sentences

1. I’d like some pool shoes. 2. I’d like some information.
3. Have you got any more things to order? 4. We don’t have any left in small sizes.
5. Can you give me some prices?
Complete rules a – e with some or any and match them to 1 – 5.
a. We use __some____ with uncountable nouns in affirmative sentences.2

b. We always use _________ in negative sentences.
c. We use __________ with countable nouns in affirmative sentences.
d. We use _________ for a request.
e. We usually use __________ in questions.
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with some or any.
1. I can’t find __any__ sunglasses I like here.

2. There are _______ nice jackets in the shops at the moment.
3. Are there _________ yellow surfing T-shirts in the sale?
4. I want to buy _______ trainers, please.
5. Mom, can you lend me ________ money?
6. There’s _______ great make-up in this advertisement.
7. Has that website got __________ special prices?
8. Why don’t we buy ________ new DVDs?
9. There isn’t _________ bread left – can you get __________ in town?
10. Let’s buy ___________ new glasses.
64
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with some or any.
1. I’d like _some_ tennis balls, please. 2. There aren’t _______ DVDs to borrow.
3. Have you got ________ shops near your flat? 4. Can I buy _________ apples?
5. I want _________ lemon shampoo. 6. Is there ________ juice left?
7. We’ve got _________ small sizes in the sale. 8. Do you get ______ emails advertising things?
Exercise 3. Look at the two pictures of a market and find the differences. Use some or
any to complete the sentences about picture B.
1. They’ve got ________ onions.

2. They’ve got _______ ________ from Spain.
3. There are _____ ________.
4. There aren’t _________ carrots.
5. They ________ _________ _____ apples.
6. They’ve got ________ large ___________ but
they haven’t got ________ small ones.
7. They haven’t got _________ _________ left.
SOME
* We use some with countable and uncountable nouns in affirmative

sentences.
I’ve got some toothpaste.
That shop has got some new computer games for sale.
* We use some for a request. Can I look at some trainers?
ANY
* We always use any in negative sentences.

We don’t sell any newspapers.
* We usually use any in questions.
Have you got any city maps?
* We sometimes use any in positive sentences when we mean “it
doesn’t matter which”.
You can come and ask for my help any time.
65
+
READING
Part 1 is a matching task. There are five questions and an example question. You must
choose the correct answer from eight notices (A-H). Questions 1-5 - Which notice (A-H)
says this (1-5)? For questions 1-5, mark the correct letter A-H.
Before reading
 Look at the eight notices first to see what the topics are.
 Read the example and its notice.
 Read each sentence carefully and underline the key words.
 Look for notices that have similar language.
 Don’t just match a word or number in the sentence and notice.
Example: 0 Do not leave any suitcases on the floor. Answer: D
1. It is possible to swim later in the

evening now.
H
2. This is cheaper because it isn’t new.B
3. All our prices are lower for a short

time.E
4. You can pay for your journey in a

different way if necessary.A
5. If you are 15 or younger, you may win

some money.F
1 A B C D E F G H
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
2 A B C D E F G H
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
3 A B C D E F G H
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
4 A B C D E F G H
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
5 A B C D E F G H
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
66
PRONUNCIATION
LISTEN AND REPEAT.

1. Underline the letters that make the sounds /ɑː/, /eɪ/, /æ/.
/ɑː/ /eɪ/ /æ/

car whale apple
supermarket sale map
artist PlayStation carrot
department email advert
store
2. Look at exercise 1 again and find more words for the three lists. Say them first, and
then write them down.
/ɑː/ /eɪ/ /æ/
67
SPELLING PLURALS
Countable nouns usually have different singular and plural forms, Example: car, cars.
With uncountable nouns, there is only one form of the word. Example: toothpaste.
 To make a plural, we usually add –s:

One book some books
 When the noun ends in –sh, -ch, -ss, -s or –x, we add –es:
dish dishes sandwich sandwiches
glass glasses bus buses
box boxes
 When the noun ends in –o after a consonant, we also add –es:

tomato tomatoes potato potatoes
 When the noun ends in –y after a vowel, we add –s:

toy toys
 When the noun ends in –y after a consonant, we change y to i and add –es:
story stories
 Some nouns have irregular plurals, for example:

woman women
child children
fish fish
foot feet
ACTIVITY – PICTURE PUZZLE

Look at the pictures. Write the singular and plural forms of the word under each picture.
Solucion
68
1. Toothpaste-toothpastes
2. Box- boxes
3. Foot-feet
4. Orange-oranges
5. Fly-Flies
6. Map-maps
7. Camera-cameras
8. Water
9. Bus-buses
10. Window-windows
11. Tomato-tomatoes
12. Newspaper-newspapers
13. Hand-hands
TIC TAC TOE
singular / plural
Panty T-shirt purse
Earring blouse watch

Tie jeans sunglasses
Jacket trousers boot

Dress shoe scarf
Glove sock suit
69
Belt hat vest
Car Boy Hero
swimsuit sweater coat
Child knife City
briefcase cap necklace
Cup Foot Box
Garage Lamp Potato

Mouse Dress Rose
Leaf Tooth Wife
Goose Man Lady
Park Hat Child
Day Ox Sandwich
LISTENING EXERCISE
You will hear five short conversations. You will hear each conversation twice. There is one
question for each conversation. For each question choose the right answer A, B or C.
Before listening
 Look at the questions.
 Decide what information you need to find.
 The questions often ask about time, place, cost and people.
0. How much is Stella’s belt?
A B C
1. Which bag does the woman buy?
70
A B C
2. How much are the shoes?
A B C
3. How much did the man pay for the camera?
A B C
4. What did Peter buy today?
B C
A
5. How much is the prize for the competition?
B C
A
71
VOCABULARY
FOR SALE
1. Name the things in the photos. Where can you buy them? Bookshop (bookstore)
Match each group of things to a place in the box. chemist (drugstore, pharmacy)
department store
market
newsagent (newsstand)
2. What else can you

buy in each place?
Make lists.
BOOKSHOP CHEMIST Department MARKET NEWSAGENT

Store
72
GRAMMAR
1. How much shopping do you

do? Answer these questions.
a. How much chocolate do
you buy every week?
b. How many magazines do
you get each month?
c. How much money do you
spend on sweets (candies)?
d. How many CDs do you
have?
e. How many t-shirts did you
buy last summer?
2. Ask and answer questions

using How much…? or How
many…? with these nouns.
books DVDs make-up

shampoo clothes shoes
toothpaste
Choose the correct Word A, B, or C.

1. How …… chocolate do you eat?
A. many B. much C. more
2. Is there ……. people at the party?
A. much B. many C. most
3. How ……. tomatoes will he buy?
4. How ………. rice is there?

A. more B. many C. much
5. How ……. money do you have?

6. How …… paper do you need?

A. much B. many C. most
7. How ……. Markers are there?

73
WRITING: INFORMATION TRANSFER
Watch the video sequence “Who likes shopping?” and take notes. Then, write about it.
Notes:
Now write about Martine, Jamie, and shopping.
74
1. People are shopping. Listen and number the pictures.
2. WEEKEND SALE – Close the book. Listen to a commercial for Dave’s Discount
Store, and take notes to answer the questions.
a. How much are the leather pants? _______ b. How much are the wool pants? _________
c. How much is the silk shirt? ________ d. How much is the cotton shirt? ___________
e. How much is the laptop computer? _____ f. How much is the desktop computer? ______
3. Read and listen to the commercial for Dave’s Discount Store.
Announcer Come into Dave’s today! Everything is on sale – for one day only. Here are some of our terrific sale
prices. First, in the clothing department, we have great sales on both men’s and women’s pants. We have
leather pants for only $90. That’s right! All our stylish leather pants are only $90. And wool pants are on sale for
$50. Just $50 for wool pants. Amazing! But that’s not all. Every style and color of shirt is on sale. Designer silk
shirts are now only $40. Again, that’s $40 for a silk shirt. And cotton shirts are on sale for just $18. Unbelievable!
Finally, in the electronics department, we have a great selection of computers. We have laptop computers for
only $1,015. And we have desktop computers for $830. A complete computer system for only $830. What a
deal! Remember, these prices are for today only, so come in and save at our one-day sale. Get everything you
need … at Dave’s!.
4. Practice in pairs. Create a conversation. Choose things from Dave’s Discount store.
Example:
Salesclerk Welcome to Dave’s. Can I help you?
:
Customer: Yes, thank you. How much are the ………. pants?
Salesclerk They are $............
:
Customer: And, how much are the …….. pants?
Salesclerk They are $............
:
Customer: Oh, and how much is this ………. shirt?
Salesclerk This …… shirt is $.........
75
:
76
TEN-MINUTE WRITING
WRITING: Do you like shopping? Why? Why not? How often do you go shopping?
What do you usually buy? Who do you usually go with? What places do usually go
shopping?
SPEAKING
Conversation: You and your partner will speak to each other. You will ask and answer
questions. The teacher will give you a card with some information on it. The teacher will give
your partner a card with some words on it. Your partner will use the words on the card to ask
you questions about the information you have. Then you will change roles.
Student A Student B
Student A: Shop Attendant Student B: Customer
WOOLEN Sweaters?
SWEATERS
FASHION AND GREAT QUALITY They/good quality?
ARE SO IMPORTANT
TO BE TAKEN SERIOUSLY Size M?
Sizes: S, M, L Beige color?

Colors: light brown, beige, blue, and pink
How ….?
$260.000 pesos
Can I try this one on?
Yes, of course! The fitting rooms are over here
Yes, I’ll take it
It/OK?
Student A: Customer Student B: Shop Attendant
Jeans or pants? Pants and jeans in different

colors! Beige, blue, brown,
What colors? white, etc.
Size S or M? All sizes and for everybody!

They are on sale today only!
How …..?
$50.000 pesos for women and men and
Can I try this one on? $20.000 pesos for children
Yes, of course! The fitting rooms are over there
No, Thanks. Maybe another time
It/good?
SPEAKING: Do you like shopping? Why? Why not? How often do you go shopping? What do you
usually buy? Who do you usually go with? What places do usually go shopping?
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READING
Read the text below about the Dubai shopping center. Choose the best word (A, B or C) for
each space.
There are (1)

______shopping centers
around the world. They (2)
______ in different shapes
and sizes, but the Dubai
shopping center is the largest of them all. The center (3) ______ around 1200 shops in
the building. That’s (4) ______ shops! It (5) _______has an ice rink, a luxury hotel, 22
cinema screens and 120 restaurants and cafés. There’s another attraction at the Dubai
shopping center: a huge aquarium with hundreds of different types of fish (6) ______
sea life. So, while you are (7)______ your money on music and clothes, you can watch
the fish as well. It’s an amazing sight. You can (8) ______ on a boat ride.
1. A. much B. many C lots

.
2. A. am B. are C is
.
3. A. has B. is having C have
.
4. A. a lot of B. a little C much
.
5. A. but B. because C also
.
6. A. and B. or C because
.
7. A. spending B. buying C shopping
.
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8. A. going B. go C goes
.
SPEAKING
Take turns and describe and guess different places use the following verbs and nouns to help
you.
buy, send, book, have, get, money, eggs, books, perfume,

borrow holiday, pants, meal, shoes
For example:
Student A: This is usually a big place with many employees. You can borrow money from this
place.
Student B: Is it in the malls or outside the malls? I already know, a bank.
WRITING
Read the follwing note from your friend, Mary.
Yes, let’s go shopping

on Saturday. Where
shall we meet? How
are we going to get
into town? What do
Write a note to Mary and answer her questions. Write 25-35 words.
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1. LISTENING: Listen to the following conversation about buying clothes and write T for true
and F for false:
1. The woman wants to buy a gray suit. 4. The sales assistant thinks the blouse is
cheap.
2. The woman does not like the purple blouse. 5. The woman decides to pay by credit card.
3. The woman tries on a medium sized, dark blue
blouse.
2. READING & LISTENING:

Listen to the conversation and check your answer of the previous exercise. Then, read the
conversation with a partner.
A: Hello. Can I help you?

B: Yes, please. I’m looking for a blouse to match with a gray suit. It’s for a job interview.
A: Let me show you a few. How about this purple one?
B: Oh, I don’t think so. It’s too fancy for me.
A: Well, it comes in other colors, too.
B: Actually, I prefer this one. Do you have it in light blue?
A: Just a minute. What size are you?
B: Medium.
A: Here you are.
B: It’s beautiful. Can I try it on?
A: Certainly. The fitting rooms are over there.
B: So, how do you like it?
A: It’s a really nice blouse and it fits me very well. How much is it?
B: It’s on sale. 20% discount. It’s only $79.95.
A: Well…
B: Would you like to pay in cash or by credit card?
A: I’m afraid, it’s still too expensive. Thank you, anyway.
B: You’re welcome.
3. WRITING: Work with a partner. Create your own clothes shop conversation between a shop
assistant (SA) and a customer (C).
D. SPEAKING: Present your conversation to the class.
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UNIT 5: LEISURE AND HOBBIES
INTENSIVE READING
1. Read the information below about theme parks. Pay close attention to the underlined
phrases.
The biggest and the best

The first amusement park in the world was Bakken in Denmark. It opened in 1583! It had
simple rides and also dancing and fireworks.
Tokyo Disneyland is the most popular theme park in the world. Around 17 million people
visit it every year.
The biggest theme park is Disney World in Florida, USA.
The Drop Zone in Kings Island theme park, Ohio, USA, drops riders 80 meters from a 96-
meter tower – that is the same as 9
buses on top of each other! The Drop
Zone can carry up to 40 riders at a time
and its top speed is 105 km per hour. It’s
taller than any other ride in the world.
Fujikyu Highland amusement park in
Japan has a rollercoaster that travels at
170 km per hour. It is faster than any
other rollercoaster. People who went on it said that it felt like being in a rocket!
2. Read the information about theme parks again. Are the sentences right or wrong? If
there is no information, write “doesn’t say”. Example:
0. The first amusement park in the world was located in Tokyo.
Wrong. The first amusement park in the world was located in Denmark.
1. Around 20 million people visit the first amusement park in the world.
_____doesn`t say
2. The most popular theme park in the world is Tokyo Disneyland.
____________rigth_______
3. Disney World in Florida, USA, is the largest theme park in the world.
__________rigth
4. The Drop Zone in Kings Island is faster than any other theme park.
___________wrong
5. Fujikyu Highland amusement park is taller than any other rollercoaster.
___________wrong
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COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVES
Comparative adjectives Superlative adjectives
When you compare two items When you compare three or more items
Short adjectives Short adjectives
We add – er to short (one syllable and some two- We put the in front of short (one-syllable and some
syllable) adjectives. two-syllable) adjectives and add –est.
+ -er long→longer +-est long→ the longest
If the short adjective ends in –e, we add -r. If the short adjective ends in –e, we add -st.
+ -r wide→wider + -st wide → the widest
If the short adjective ends in a short vowel + a single If the short adjective ends in a short vowel + a single
consonant, we double the consonant and add -er. consonant, we double the consonant and add –est.
-t → -tter hot → hotter -t → -ttest hot → the hottest
If the adjective ends in –y, we take out the –y and add If the adjective ends in –y, we take out the –y and add
–ier. –iest.
-y → -ier friendly – friendlier -y → -iest friendly – the friendliest
Long adjectives Long adjectives
If the adjective is long (two syllables or more) we use If the adjective is long (two syllables or more), we use
the word more or less. the word the most or the least
beautiful → more beautiful beautiful→ the most beautiful
beautiful→ less beautiful beautiful→ the least beautiful
Irregular comparative and superlative adjectives
good bad little many, far old

much
Com better worse less more further (time-space); farther older; elder
(space) (people)
Sup best worst least most furthest (time-space); farthest oldest; eldest
(space) (people)
Comparative and superlative adverbs
Short adverbs Long adverbs
Adverbs that look the same as their adjectives, for Most comparative adverbs are made with more or
example fast, early, hard, long, high, late, soon, etc. less.
use –er and –est in their comaprative and superlative Some superlative adverbs are made with the most or
forms. the least.
On Saturdays we close much later, at ten. You can get in more cheaply with a family ticket.
Everyone in the race ran fast, but John ran My classmates speak slowly, but John speaks
the fastest of all. the most slowly of all.
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Irregular adverbs
Adverb Comparative Superlative

Badly worse worst
Far further / farther furthest / farthest
Little Less least
Well Better best
Examples: The little boy ran farther than his friends./ You're driving worse today than yesterday!
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE EXERCISES
1. Read the previous information about comparative and superlative forms and complete the
information below.
a. Short adjectives usually end in –er, for example: ___________, _____________, _____________
b. Long adjectives usually have more or less in front of them, e.g., ___________________________
c. Some adjectives change completely in the comparative form, e.g., good and bad become
___________ and ____________.
d. Comparative adjectives are often followed by the word ______________.
e. We can use ___________ and fewer or less with nouns; we use ____________ with countable
nouns and less with uncountable nouns.
f. Short adverbs use –er and –est in their comparative and superlative forms, e.g., ____________ and
_____________.
2. Complete these sentences. If necessary, read again the information above about amusement
parks.
1. Denmark has _____________________________________ in the world.

2. The Drop Zone is _____________________________________ in the world.
3. Fujikyu Highland has _____________________________________ in the world.
3. Complete these sentences with either the comparative or the superlative form of the
adjective or adverb in brackets.
1. The Park was busier (busy) on Saturday than on Sunday.

2. It’s ________________ (expensive) for children to get into the park than it is for adults.
3. Jenny did _____________ (well) in her swimming exam than Carol.
4. Could you talk _______________ (quietly) please? I’m on the phone.
5. The ride I went on was _______________ (tall) in the park.
6. I reached the park ______________ (soon) than I expected.
7. My uncle is ______________ (rich) than I am so he paid for my trip to Disneyland Paris.
8. It was _____________ (sunny) on Tuesday than it was on Monday.
9. She read the email again _____________ (carefully).
10. The _______________ (popular) ride was Inferno.
11. Angela worked ________________ (hard) than anyone else in the class.
12. The ride was _____________ (fast) in the park.
13. The journey took _______________ (long) this time because of the traffic.
14. The theme park was __________________ (expensive) than the one I usually go to.
15. Pete arrived at the party _______________ (early) than I did.
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16. Some theme parks are ______________ (good) than others.
17. The hotel I stayed in was _______________ (bad) in the area.
18. If you can’t see, move _____________ (near) the board.
19. Let’s go to _________________ (good) amusement park in the city.
20. Mary is playing _____________ (badly) today than yesterday!
LISTENING
You will hear a girl asking for information about Aqua Park, a theme park where you can go
swimming. Before you listen, read through the questions carefully and, with a partner, talk
about what kind of words you think the answers will be.
Example: I think the answer to question 1 will be a time.
Listen and complete the notes.
Park open: 0 Every day
Saturday opening 1 9 am until 10 pm

time:
Family tickets: 2 50 libras
Use car park in: 3 Glendennan road
Café sells: 4 Ice cream and drinks
Shop sells: 5 Sweets, newspapers, books
DICTOGLOSS
1. Listen to the teacher talk about two studies about free time activities (The teacher makes a
short introduction of the text)
5. Work in groups to reconstruct an approximation of the text from notes (one student acts as
the writer)
85
6. Compare the reconstructed text and the original. Notice the type of errors that got in the
way of understanding the text.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. What problems did you have?
SPEAKING
1. Read the information below about two theme parks called Fantasma and Alien
Adventure. Decide which one you’d like to go to.
 First open in 1950

 35 different rides
 Opening dates: 1st March – 30th November
 Opening hours: 10 am – 10 pm
 First open in 1972  10.8 million visitors a year
 15 different rides  Hotel 990 rooms
 Opening dates: 5th April – 2nd December  Price: Family tickets 150 euros
 Opening hours: 9:30 am – 10:30 pm
 2.7 million visitors a year
 Hotel: 175 rooms
 Price: Family tickets 98 euros
2. Cover the previous information about the two theme parks. Ask and answer
questions about Fantasma and Alien Adventure. Student A asks Student B questions
about Fantasma. Student B asks Student A about Alien Adventure.
Example: When / open?
Student A: When did Fantasma first open?
Student B: It first opened in 1972.
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1. How many rides?
2. Which dates / open?
3. What / opening hours?
4. How many visitors?
5. Now many hotel rooms?
6. How much / cost?
READING AND WRITING
1. Look at the telephone conversations below and put them in the right order.
Conversation 1
a. Ok. No problem. Bye.
b. Oh, hi, Lisa. It’s Paula here. Is Serena in?
c. No, she’s out shopping. Can I take a message?
d. No, it’s Lisa.
e. Bye.
f. Hi, is that Serena?
g. Just tell her I rang about going swimming tomorrow.
h. Hello? 1
Conversation 2
a. Bye.
b. Good morning. I’d like to book tickets for the film tonight, please.
c. Three – that’s for two adults and one child.
d. And your name?
e. Thanks very much. Bye.
f. Can you collect them by 7 o’clock?
g. That’s fine. How many would you like?
h. It’s Wilkinson, W-I-L-K-I-N-S-O-N
i. Yes, no problem. Thank you.
j. Hello. Can I help you? 1
2. Listen to the recordings to check your answers.
WRITING A NOTE
Read this note written by a student. There are six spelling mistakes. Can you find them
and correct them?
Dear Tom,
Last Saturday I went to Aqua Park

with my freind Peter. It was a beatiful
day becouse the sun was shining.
The Park was very intresting and their
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were many things wich we could do.
Next time you can come with me.
Love
Simon
PRONUNCIATION /ə/
Match the words below with the IPA transcription on the right. Which sound appears in every
IPA transcription?
 The schwa sound /ə/ can be spelt as “a”, “e”, “o” and “u”.
 The schwa is the most common vowel sound in English.
 The schwa is weak – it can never be stressed.
 The production of the schwa is neutral: lips, jaw and tongue are relaxed.
Watch the video about the pronunciation of this sound.
EXERCISES
1. Listen and repeat. All the words have /ə/ sound which is very
common in English. For example:
Shorter: /ˈʃɔrtər/ Mother: /ˈmʌðər/ Larger: /ˈlɑrʤər/

Camera: /ˈkæmərə/ Banana: /bəˈnænə/ Computer: /kəmˈpjutər/
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2. Complete the crossword. All the
words contain the /ə/ sound.
Across
5. The opposite of boring is…
6. You see films there.
8. Your dad.
9. Canada, the USA and Mexico.
Down
1. This has a keyboard.
2. Not shorter
3. You get one in the post.
4. You do this with music.
6. You use this to take photographs.
7. By yourself.
SPEAKING
In pairs, Student A and Student B, ask questions to complete the following

questionnaire. When you finish asking questions, report back to the rest of the class.
My favorite TV My favorite physical

series! activity!
1. How often do you watch TV? 1. What is your favorite free time physical
activity?
Every night Only on Not often
weekends Soccer Swimming
Running Working out at the gym
2. What is your best TV program or series? Jogging Other
__________________
___________________________________
2. How often do you do a physical activity?
3. What is your favorite free time activity at
home? Every day Three times a week
Once a week Less than once a week
Playing chess Reading books
Listening to music Seeing friends
Playing computer Other 3. What is your least favorite free time
games ________________ physical activity?
___________________________________
4. What is your least favorite free time
activity at home? 4. Add some more questions here:
___________________________________ ___________________________________
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___________________________________
5. Add some more questions here: __________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________
___________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________
READING
Choose A, B or C to complete these conversations.
Before reading
 Do each question separately – they’re not connected.
 Read each option A-C carefully and say the three possible dialogues in your head.
 Choose the best answer.
1. How about having a barbecue? A. Me too!

B. That’s better!
C. That’s a great idea!
2. Let’s go to a football match! A. I don’t really like sports

B. You’re welcome!
C. It doesn’t matter.
3. What shall we do today? A. No, sorry, I can’t.

B. Let’s have a picnic.
C. That’s a good idea.
4. Shall we go to the zoo? A. Always.

B. All right.
C. All the time.
5. I’m bored! A. That sounds great!

B. I don’t agree.
C. What about going into town?
SPEAKING
Work in pairs. Student A: read the information below and answer student B’s questions.
Student B: Ask five questions about the Bowling Alley. Then, swap roles and ask and answer
questions about the Glitter Ice Center.
Student A Student B
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Super Bowling Alley Bowling Alley
Monday–Saturday 11 a.m. to 10 p.m.  Name?
Sunday 11 a.m. to 9 p.m.
 Address?
Try our great pizzas, burgers, and
chips!  Price / groups?
Cheaper tickets for groups of 12 or  Close?
more.  What / food?
Cow Lane, opposite the railway station.
Ice Centre Glitter Ice Centre
 What /called? Open: Monday–Saturday 11 a.m. to
 Where? 10 p.m.
 Open / Sundays? Sunday 1 p.m. to 10 p.m.
Café open all day
 Café? Students only $50
 Student price? Station road, opposite the cinema
READING
Read the article about a boy who collects action figures and choose the best word (A, B or C)
for each space.
Some adjectives and

prepositions always go
together:
I’m (not) interested

in…
I’m (not) keen on…
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Some people paint pictures in their free time. Other people are good (1) ………
sport or music while others are keen (2) ……… chess or computers. Eighteen-
year-old Richard Jones doesn’t do (3) ……… of these things. He has collected
action figures since he was ten years old. He loved the film Star Wars at the
time, (4) ……… his sister bought him a figure of Luke Skywalker for his
birthday. He bought (5) ……… the Star Wars figures and then started on the superheroes: Spiderman,
Superman, Batman, Wolverine, and the rest. Richard has 552 action figures in (6) ……… collection so
far. They’re on shelves, in his wardrobe and all over the floor! So (7) ……… do his relatives think?
His mum says: ‘I don’t mind! At least he (8) ……… interested in something!’
His dad says: ‘I can´t get into his room!’
1 a. for b. at c. with
2 a. of b. in c. on
3 a. any b. some c. more
4 a. or b. so c. but
5 a. every b. each c. all
6 a. him b. his c. he
7 a. which b. who c. what
8 a. is b. be c. was
LISTENING
You will hear 5 short conversations about free time activities. For questions 1-5, put a tick
under the right answer.
1. Where did Alex go on Saturday?
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2. Which animals did Lizzie see in the countryside?
*
3. What did Callum do yesterday?
*
4. Which house did Lizzie visit?
*
5. Which place are they describing?
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1. Look at the following photos. What are the people doing?

2. Listen to the information about a club for young people. Tick the activities you hear.
3. Tell your classmate which activities you like and dislike.
4. What else do you do in your free time?
3 4
1 2
6 7 8
5
5. Listen again to the information about the club for young people and complete each
question.
ACTIVITY CENTER FOR YOUNG PEOPLE
Name of the center: 0 Time Out
For people aged: 1 11 to 16
Open Saturdays: 2 12 pm to 10 pm
Activities include
Playing: 3 Computer games
Dance class in: 4 The phoenix Room
Sports lesson cost: 5 £ 1,50
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WRITING
1. Read the advertisement and the email.
26/06/22 Max Garces

Age 19 Hi Alex,
For Sale:
You wanted to know how old the telescope is. It’s two years
Telescope in excellent old. It was a birthday present, and I haven’t used it. Also, we
condition $800.000 live in the same city, so I can deliver it. I’ll come to your
Brand new bike house on 15th July. I finish school at 4 o’clock, so I can be
$2.000.000
there at 5 o’clock.
Two pairs of jeans
$100.000
3. Fill in the information in Alex’s notes.
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Alex’s notes
Name of the seller: 1.

_____________________
Age of the telescope: 2.

____________________
Cost: 3.
____________________
Delivery date: 4.
____________________
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1. Listen to some information about an activity center. Listen and complete the
questions.
Before listening
 Read the information carefully.
 Decide whether the answer is a date, time, name, etc.
 Don’t write more than one or two words or a number.
 Check your spelling carefully – write numbers in figures, not words.
High Cross Activity Centre

Open: March to October
Possible to do: 1 Football, climbing, __________
Cost of one week: 2 £_______
Size of largest group: 3 ________ people
Name of manager: 4 Pete _____________
Office telephone 5
number: ______________________
2. After listening and checking the right information with your teacher. Imagine you are
going to visit an activity center next week. Compare the information you get about High
Cross Activity Centre and Rogers Activity Center below. Which activity center will you
visit? State your reasons.
3. Talk with your partner and reach an agreement about the activity center you both will
visit. Report the reasons to the class. IE
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UNIT 6: ANIMALS
INTENSIVE READING
1. Read the article In Danger. Pay close attention to the underlined phrases.
IN DANGER
The polar bear’s name in Latin is Ursus maritimus, meaning “sea bear”. It got this name because
it spends most of its time in the Arctic seas. It is also called by
other names, for example, white bear or ice bear. When a polar
bear gets out of the sea, it shakes water from its fur like a dog or
it removes the water by rolling on the ice. It is very cold where
polar bears live. The temperature is very often as low as -55º C.
The polar bear is the largest meat-eating animal on land. The
male weighs from 350 to 650 kg and he is two and a half to three meters long – almost as long as
a car. A polar bear’s skin is black but its fur has no color – it looks white when the sun shines on
the ice. It has big feet so it can stand easily on the ice. The polar bear likes to live alone. It walks
long distance, sometimes 30 km a day, because it needs to find food. The bear eats fish and it
also enjoys seal meat. It goes swimming and lies in the sun when it isn’t looking for food! It is a
very good swimmer.
The female bear usually has two babies once every three years. The babies, or cubs, are born in
November. Sometimes the cubs die in their first year because they have an accident or they don’t
get enough food to eat. If they live, they stay with their mother for nearly two years but then they
must leave her to go and live alone on the ice.
There are only about 25,000 polar bears alive today. The area where you find them has many
problems with pollution and there are also problems with thin ice. Polar bears need your help!
2. Read the following sentences about polar bears. Fill in the blanks with the right conjunction:
and, because, or, but.
1. Polar bears are in danger ____________ people don’t care about their environment. (because, or)
2. Polar bears like to eat fish __________ they also like seal meat. (because, but)
3. Polar bears need our help ____________ they may disappear. (or, and)
4. Polar bears are both large ____________ strong. (or, and)
We use words called conjunctions, like and, or, but, because to join two parts of sentences. Conjunctions can
be used to give more information, give alternatives, give reasons, give results or give unexpected information.
We use and, or, but to connect two parts of sentences which are similar in grammatical status. Examples:
 Do you want chocolate, strawberry or vanilla? (Joining words)
 Amy's dad is taking us on Saturday morning, and he's offered to bring us home again on
Sunday. (Joining clauses)
We use and for adding information, or for giving alternatives and but for unexpected or different
98
information. Examples:
 I'm OK for food, dance and music, and I'm having a wonderful time.
 There's a reggae band from Jamaica or a Russian electro-pop group on the other stage.
 She’d like to go but she can’t.
Because is a conjunction which we use to connect one clause with another clause. Examples:
 I'd like to see that Irish band, because Celtic music is pretty cool.
 I am saving money because I need to travel.
CONJUNCTIONS EXERCISE
1. Mark X the right conjunction for completing the sentence.

1. The bus stopped ____ the man got off. 2. We stayed at home ____ watched a film.
a. and a. or
b. or b. because
c. because c. and
3. I wanted to buy a newspaper ____ I 4. He's very rich ______ he doesn't want to
didn't have enough money. spend a lot of money.
a. and a. but
b. or b. or
c. but c. and
5. Do you want tea ____ coffee? 6. Is the Empire State Building in New York
a. and _____ London?
b. or a. but
c. but b. and
c. or
7. I enjoy visiting many different countries 8. I can't remember his name _____ I know
_____ I wouldn't want to live anywhere else his face from somewhere.
but Colombia. a. because
a. but b. or
b. because c. but
c. or
2. Correct the following sentences. Use the right conjunction: and, or, but, because.
1. I'd love to stay or I have to catch my bus.
2. His hot chocolate is too hot or his mother has just made it.
3. We got extremely wet and it was raining.
4. I only passed my exam or you helped me.
5. They weren’t hungry and they had to eat some sandwiches.
6. We can go to the pool and we can go horse-riding, whichever you prefer.
7. She didn't want him to see her or she owed him money.
8. He's in the shoe store but he wants to look for shoes.
3. Write sentences about yourself using conjunctions: and, or, but, because.
1. _______________________________________________________________________
(and)
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2. _______________________________________________________________________
(but)
3. _____________________________________________________________________
(because)
4. _____________________________________________________________________
(or)
PRONUNCIATION
List Intonation
When we pronounce list of words there is a combination of rising and falling

intonation.
Watch the video then practice reading some sentences.
Practice
1. I like horses, cows, dogs and cats.

2. I like monkeys, elephants and bears.
3. Peter likes bears, dolphin and dogs.
4. I saw some horses, giraffes, elephants and zebras.
5. My little sister plays with cats, dogs, rabbits and hamsters.
DICTOGLOSS
1. Listen to the teacher reading about penguins (The teacher makes a short introduction of the text)
5. Work in groups to reconstruct an approximation of the text from notes (one student acts as the
writer)
6. Compare the reconstructed text and the original. Notice the type of errors that got in the way of
understanding the text.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________
7. Classify your errors using the following list.
What problems did you have?
a. I couldn’t hear which sound it was.

b. I couldn’t separate the sounds into words.
c. I heard the words, but I couldn’t remember their meaning quickly enough.
d. There were some new words for me.
e. I heard and understood the words but not the meaning of that part of the sentence.
f. Other problems.
WRITING A POSTCARD
Write a postcard to a friend about a visit to a zoo.
Say:
Where the zoo is
Who you went with
What you did.
Postcard ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
From: ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
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LISTENING
1. Listen to Mark talking about visiting the zoo. Tick the word when you hear it. The
words are not in the order you hear them.
1. Zoo 6. Weekend
2. Friend 7. Camera
3. Bus 8. Sunday
4. Homework 9. Four
5. Student 10. Drive
2. Look at the example and then listen to the first part of the conversation again.
Example: When will Mark and Natalie go to the zoo?

A. Saturday
B. Sunday
C. Thursday
The answer is C. Natalie is busy on Saturday and Sunday.
Read through the questions and then listen to the rest of the conversation and answer the
questions.
1. Each zoo ticket will cost them 2. Who is Mark going to take photos for?
A. £ 6.50 A. his mother
B. £ 7.50 B. his friend
C. £ 8.00 C. his teacher
3. Mark is going to photograph 4. How will Mark and Natalie get to the
A. bears zoo?
B. monkeys A. by bus
C. lions B. by train
C. by car
5. The zoo closes at

A. 4.30
B. 5.30
C. 6.30
Write about a time when you visited a zoo, a circus, or a place where you saw
animals.
102
103
LISTENING
Listen to Ben asking about an aquarium. Choose the correct answers, A, B or C.

Before listening
 Read the questions and options carefully.
 Remember that the questions are in the order that you will hear them.
 Think about each question separately.
1. When can you buy the last ticket at the aquarium? A. 5:00
B. 5:30
C. 6:30
2. How much is a student ticket? A. £8

B. £10
C. £15
3. The dolphin talk takes place A. Once

B. Twice
C. Three times
4. What can you buy to eat? A. Pizza

B. Burgers
C. Sandwiches
5. The aquarium is opposite the A. Museum

B. Park
C. University
SPEAKING
Prepare a talk about animals. Use the words and the pictures to talk about the animals that
you already have or the ones you would like to have (Use the conjunctions or, but, because,
and)
funny cute friendly Unusual too big too small boring annoying
104
VOCABULARY – COLLOCATIONS
A collocation involves the combination of words that are frequently used

together. For example:
Let’s take some photographs of the animals

I spent some money at the pet shop
He does his homework after feeding his parrot
She always makes the bed before walking her dog
COLLOCATIONS EXERCISES
1. Write words that can match these verbs. Use the following list.
a decision – a meeting – a photo – the dishes – a break – an exception – the night – a headache -
homework – a party – your job – an exercise – a choice – friends – a bad time – a cold – my time – a
shower – a look
Make Do Have Spend Take
a decision the dishes a meeting the night a photo
an exception homework a party My time a break
friends your job a bad time A shower
a choice An exercise A cold a look
A headache Your time
2. Circle the correct word in these sentences about Mark and Natalie.
1. Natalie made / spent some time looking at penguins.

2. Natalie did / made her homework when she got home from the zoo.
3. Mark did / took some shopping for his mum the next day.
4. Natalie said, “Can you wait a minute? I need to make / do a phone call.”
5. Mark took / made his exams last week.
6. Natalie did / made a cake the next day.
3. Answer the following questions with your own information.
1. When do you do your homework?

105
2. Do you know how to make a cake?
3. How much money do you spend on transportation?
4. Where do you take the bus to go to the faculty?
5. What time do you usually have a shower?
SPEAKING
Pair work. Prepare a conversation with your classmate. Ask and answer questions about the
following topics.
1. Food you can make.

2. Amount of money you usually spend.
3. Time you usually do your homework.
4. Time you usually have a nap.
5. Exams you have to take.
SPELLING EXERCISE - Their, there, they’re
Their, there and they’re all sound the same but are spelled differently.
Examples:
 There are not many polar bears in the Arctic any more.
 Polar bears spend most of their lives on the ice.
 When they’re small, the polar bear cubs stay with their mother.
Fill the spaces with their, there, or they’re.
I have two dogs called Wolfie and Sammy.
(1) __________________ quite small dogs. I take them for a walk in the park every day.
They love it (2) ______________ because they can play with (3) ____________ ball and
run around having fun. (4) ______________ favorite game is chasing the ducks into the
lake. (5) _____________ always happy to go (6) _______________.
106
1. Listen to the information. Look at the pictures and write the right numbers for the
animals he is describing.
4 9 6 3 8
7 5 10 1
2
2. Pair work. Considering the previous information. Take turns asking and answering
question about animals.
Example:
Are mice small and furry? Yes, they are/ No, they aren’t.
What is your favorite animal? Why do you like it?
Do you have any pets? What pet would you prefer to own? Why?
TEN-MINUTE WRITING
WRITING: Write down information related to animals. Do you like them? Why?
Do you have pets? Why?
Talk about animals. Do you like them? Why? Do you have pets? Why?
LISTENING
Before listening to the conversation:
1. Practice these numbers:

a. £52.50 b. £4.40 c. £75p d. £100 e. £65 f. £3.25
2. Practice saying these times. Where possible say them in different ways:
107
a. 10:00 b. 5:30 c. 7:45 d. 4:15 e. 6:00 f. 11:20
3. Listen to Christ asking for information at a pet shop. Which prices and times from
exercise 1 and 2 do you hear?
4. Listen again and complete questions 1-5.
Opening Times
Name of the shop: Barking Pet
Monday – Friday: 9:00 – 5:30
Shop
Saturday: 10:00 – (4) _______
Size: (1) _______________ centimeters
Address: 33(5) ____________ Street
Color: (2) ______________
Price of snake: (3) £__________
READING
Which notice (A-H) says this (1-5). What places can you find these notices? (Some places are
already in the notices) See the example:
0. These animals must be dirty F Zoo

1. Do not leave this open
2. This happens three times a day
3. Do not go near these animals
4. You can see the keepers giving these animals food
5. You can come here after one o’clock
READING AND LISTENING

108
1. Read and listen to the text about a man who owns a zoo. Answer the questions.
a. What was Benjamin Mee’s first job?
b. What animals were already at the wildlife park?
c. Where was the film set?
This is the story of a man called Benjamin Mee, who

bought Dartmoor Wildlife Park in the south of England. At
the time, the zoo was very old and didn’t have many
visitors. Benjamin, who was a journalist, had no experience
of working with animals. He also didn’t have much money.
So why did he buy the park? The answer is, he fell in love
with the place and wanted to help the animals there.
Benjamin’s family were very excited Eventually they were successful.

about living at the zoo. When they moved
in, the park had about two hundred Benjamin Mee wrote a book that told the story of a
animals including five tigers, three lions, wildlife park. There was also a documentary on TV.
three brown bears, monkeys, snakes, and Then film-makers in Hollywood heard about the
lots more. There was also a jaguar, which story and they made a film starring Matt Damon
is a type of wild cat. Four days after they and Scarlett Johansson. They set the film in
arrived, something terrible happened! The California and used their owned trained animals,
jaguar escaped. Luckily, it didn’t go out of not the animals in the wildlife park in Devon.
the park. It went into the tiger enclosure. Perhaps they thought one of them might escape!
Benjamin and the other keepers worked
hard to get it back.
2. Read the text again and answer the questions.
1. When Benjamin Mee bought the park, he: a. knew little about animals
b. liked to work as a journalist
c. had been helping animals
2. According to the reading Benjamin Mee was: a. a rich man

b. a journalist
c. a zookeeper
3. Benjamin’s family: a. were afraid of too many animals at the park

b. didn’t like the idea of buying a park
c. wanted to move to the park
4. From the reading, the jaguar: a. got out of the park

b. was killed by a tiger
c. went to a tiger’s corral
5. Who is Matt Damon? a. a journalist

b. a film maker
c. an actor
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6. Where were the animals filmed? a. in California
b. in England
c. in Dartmoor Wildlife Park
1. Listening. Listen to the information on animals and take notes.

Notes:
2. Listening comprehension. Answer the questions. You may use your notes.
1. The man says he: 2. When the man was a kid:
a. doesn’t like animals a. he didn’t like animals
b. loves animals b. liked to read books about animals
c. is afraid of animals c. couldn’t find books on animals
3. The most exciting thing for him was: 4. When he was older:
a. sleeping a. he went on a safari
b. visiting the zoo b. he visited his hometown zoo
c. reading books c. he became a veterinary doctor
5. In the wild, he: 6. Now, he is:

a. saw wild animals a. not interested in animals
b. hunted some wild animals b. worried about the future of many animals
c. understood animals are dangerous c. worried about his future
7. The man would advise you to: 8. We can infer that if we don’t change
a. look at animals in zoos our lifestyle,
b. hunt animals a. many animals may disappear
c. look at animals in their natural habitat b. there will be a lot of wild animals
c. children may be in danger
3. Pair work. Writing. Ask and answer questions about the information you listened to.
STUDENT’S A QUESTIONS (Do not show your questions to Student B)
110
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
STUDENT’S B QUESTIONS (Don’t show your question to Student A)
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
111
LANGUAGE EDUCATION PROGRAM
MARKING SYSTEM FOR GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
Pay attention to the few features that must be correct in any piece of writing that is to be
marked. If more than one minimum requirement error is found, the writing is returned for
checking before it is marked.
No Minimum requirements Incorrect Correct

1. Subject-verb agreement She hate onions She hates onions
2. Pronoun-noun agreement Please call Maria to tell she about Please call Maria to tell
her mother her about her mother
3. Every sentence must I from Perú I am from Perú
contain a subject and a
verb
4. No spelling errors I need to go witht you I need to go with you
Sign Meaning Example

Prep Wrong preposition prep
I have classes in the night.
Pron Wrong pronoun pron
My father is a teacher. She Works at a
school
ww
WW Wrong word
I have to make my homework.
Word order She is wearing a dress blue.
VT Verb tense vt
Forty years ago, most women stay at home.
SVA Subject verb agreement sva
Many people is_ studying English.
# Number (singular or plural) #
They have a books.
Sp Spelling sp
Yenny lives whit her sister.
˄ Word missing I love chocolate because ˄ is delicious.
------ This is not necessary They are have many problems.
Punc Punctuation punc
He worked all night so he was tired.
Cap Capital letter cap
canada is the second largest country in the
world.
/ New sentence
// New paragraph
______? Unclear She was proper from the law.?
112
SPEED READING CHART
Write your score for each reading passage at the bottom of the chart. Then put an X in one of the
boxes above the reading passage number to mark your time for each passage. Look on the right side
of the chart to find your reading speed for each reading passage. wpm: Words per Minute.
Time wpm
1.50 300
2.00 275
2.10 254
2.20 236
2.30 220
2.40 206
2.50 194
3.00 183
3.10 174
3.20 165
3.30 157
3.40 150
3.50 144
4.00 138
4.10 132
4.20 127
4.30 122
4.40 118
4.50 114
5.00 110
5.10 106
5.20 103
5.30 100
5.40 97
5.50 94
6.00 92
Reading 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 1 13 1 15 1 17 1 19 2
0 2 4 6 8 0
Score
10 MINUTE WRITING CHART
Each time you do 10-minute writing, put the number of words you wrote on this graph. When your
written work has been marked and returned to you, put the number of errors per 100 words on the
graph for that piece of writing.
Number of words
Error rate per 100 words
Pieces of Writing 1 2 3 4 5
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University of Cauca

Language Education Program

Cómo usar fichas de vocabulario: la estrategia de aprendizaje de vocabulario consciente

2. Escriba la palabra en la pequeña ficha con su pronunciación en un lado y su

E.g. The man has a

4. Al comienzo, empiece con pequeños conjuntos de fichas –alrededor de 15 o 20

7. Asegúrese que las palabras de escritura parecida o de significado parecido no estén

8. Continúe cambiando el orden de las palabras en su conjunto de fichas. Esto evitará

What is your name?

Say that again please?

How do I say “Compañero” in English?

Can you help me?

How do you spell “clase”?

I don’t know. I don’t understand.

Move into pairs.

Move into groups of four.

FRASES Y ORACIONES PARA

Please speak slowly.

Please speak more slowly.

Can you repeat that please?

Once more please.

In many cultures, it is common to have three names.

Example: Brad Robert Pitt

Brad is the first name or Christian name

FORMAL GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS

Introducing yourself: Introducing others: Responses:

Hello, My name is John Miller, please meet Nice to meet you

'Excuse me. Are you...?

INFORMAL GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS

Introducing yourself: Introducing others: Responses:

Hi, I’m ……………………. Jack, this is Nick. It’s great to meet

Questions Katie Sarah Mandisa

I. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb TO BE

1. I ________ an English student. 6. The car _______black.

II. Correct each one of the following sentences.

1. My father and mother is teachers. ___________________________________________

1. Which word completes 2. In which sentence can you 3. Which question is

4. Which sentence is 5. Which is the correct answer 6. Complete:

10. Complete: 11. Complete: 12. Complete:

13. Complete: 14. Complete: 15. Complete:

Have Have got

Incorrect: I don’t have got

Incorrect: Do you have got …?

1. Things we own or 2. Family and 3. People and 4. Illness or saying

1. Pronunciation: The Alphabet

2. Listening comprehension. 3. Listening comprehension.

1. A K 1. Green Greene Grin

1. MATT: Best friend is Jonny

2. ELENA: Best friend is Raquel

3. KELLY- ANNE: Best friend is Vicky

4. TOM: Best friend is lucky his dog

Listen, answer, and write short answers to Maria’s questions.

1. What’s your best friend called? Diego

a. I couldn’t hear which sound it was.

a. Ben is good at everything at school! C L E V E R

4. Explain your choice.

3/2/1 SPEAKING ACTIVITY

5. How often do you think about your friends?

3. WRITING WITH FEEDBACK: Write about your best friend.

Read the text below about a festival in Spain.

1. I __ an English student. 6. The car _black.

1. Weekdays, I get 2. 3.

3. _ it a good film? 4. Where _ you yesterday afternoon?

1. Arrive 6. Return