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  • I am Professor of Psychoanalytic Studies and Deputy Director of Research in the Department of Psychosocial and Psycho... moreedit
In this paper I ask what an investigation of the Budapest model of supervision may add to our psychoanalytic imagination. The Budapest model confronts us with a number of crucial questions for contemporary psychoanalysis, including the... more
In this paper I ask what an investigation of the Budapest model of supervision may add to our psychoanalytic imagination. The Budapest model confronts us with a number of crucial questions for contemporary psychoanalysis, including the question of envisioning ways of working on the countertransference of the analyst. I discuss the lack of memory that surrounds the Budapest model, and I read it in relation to the unsettling issues it stirs up, including those of authority, horizontality, and the ethics of psychoanalysis. In the Budapest model, supervision can be seen as a form of “double dreaming” or of “dreaming up of a dream”. In particular, in drawing on the writings of Sándor Ferenczi and Michael Balint, I point to some principles behind the Budapest model and to the epistemic, technical, and ethical implications of their ideas. I also work toward a Ferenczian “translation” of the idea of “parallel process”.
In this paper, I discuss a particular temporality specific to the psychoanalytic encounter: the time of re-living. I see this time in the frame of an eventful psychoanalysis, where the “event” under consideration is that of psychic... more
In this paper, I discuss a particular temporality specific to the psychoanalytic encounter: the time of re-living. I see this time in the frame of an eventful psychoanalysis, where the “event” under consideration is that of psychic fragmentation. In dialogue with Sándor Ferenczi, I disentangle various facets of the event of fragmentation and I argue that it consists in sets of violent temporal relations. Ferenczi’s ideas on time are a ‘graft’ on the Freudian Nachträglichkeit: they acknowledge this violence of temporal relations, where the times of some fragments attack, displace, or negate the times of other fragments. In what follows, I reflect on the event of survival, the event of being beside oneself, autoplastic events, including the emergence of the Orpha fragment of the psyche, and the event of neo-catharsis on the psychoanalytic couch. I also reflect on alienation understood as temporal relation. There is a violent internal plurality of the times of the subject, where the different psychic fragments “living” inside a different time create an overall effect of a-synchrony. The analyst’s complicated work is to engage in some form of dialogue with these psychic fragments.
In this paper, I discuss how Michael Balint arrived at the concepts of ‘ocnophil’ and ‘philobat’, which refer to two kinds of object relations. I look at the correspondence between Balint and the classical scholar David Eichholz. The two... more
In this paper, I discuss how Michael Balint arrived at the concepts of ‘ocnophil’ and ‘philobat’, which refer to two kinds of object relations. I look at the correspondence between Balint and the classical scholar David Eichholz. The two crafted these words together in a passionate exchange of letters. By recognizing the importance of creative dyads in psychoanalysis, we gain more insight into the creation of psychoanalytic knowledge beyond the frame of individual authorship. I read the collaboration between Balint and Eichholz in its historical and theoretical context, particularly in relation to the Budapest School of psychoanalysis, where intellectual collaborations had an important place. The Budapest School was Michael Balint's first home, and it shaped his epistemic and psychoanalytic style. Balint constructed his psychoanalytic theories in a spirit of openness, maintaining a commitment to conversations between psychoanalysis and other disciplines.
The present paper starts from the reflection that there is a curious “phenomenological gap” in psychoanalysis when it comes to processes of splitting and to describing the “life” of psychic fragments resulting from processes of splitting.... more
The present paper starts from the reflection that there is a curious “phenomenological gap” in psychoanalysis when it comes to processes of splitting and to describing the “life” of psychic fragments resulting from processes of splitting. In simpler terms, we are often in a position to lack a precise understanding of what is being split and how the splitting occurs. I argue that although Melanie Klein’s work is often engaged when talking of splitting (particularly through discussions on identification, projection and projective identification), there are some important phenomenological opacities in her construction. I show that by orchestrating a dialogue between Melanie Klein and Sándor Ferenczi, we arrive at a fuller and more substantive conception of psychic splitting and of the psychic life of fragments which are the result of splitting. This is even more meaningful because there are some unacknowledged genealogical connections between Ferenczian concepts and Kleinian concepts, which I here explore. While with Klein we remain in the domain of “good” and “bad” objects—polarised objects which are constantly split and projected—with Ferenczi we are able to also give an account of complicated forms of imitation producing psychic fragments and with a “dark” side of identification, which he calls “identification with the aggressor”. While attempting to take steps toward imagining a dialogue between Klein and Ferenczi, I note a certain silent “Ferenczian turn” in a late text by Melanie Klein, “On the Development of Mental Functioning”, written in 1958. In particular, I reflect on her reference to some “terrifying figures” of the psyche, which cannot be accounted for simply as the persecutory parts of the super-ego but are instead more adequately read as more enigmatic and more primitive psychic fragments, resulting from processes of splitting.
The article looks at the place of cases in the psychoanalytic universe of Michael Balint, while giving special attention to his work Balint groups. I argue that the case was at the heart of Balint’s work of orchestrating a complicated and... more
The article looks at the place of cases in the psychoanalytic universe of Michael Balint, while giving special attention to his work Balint groups. I argue that the case was at the heart of Balint’s work of orchestrating a complicated and creative encounter between psychoanalysis and medicine. I evoke Balint’s explorations and his formative years in Budapest, in the 1920s and 1930s, where he was greatly influenced by the epistemological ideas of Sándor Ferenczi. I discuss Ferenczi’s lesser known idea of “utraquism” of the sciences, and his medical utopia, which puts psychoanalysis at the centre. I also look at the place of countertransference in the theories and practices of the Budapest School of Psychoanalysis. These early elaborations on countertransference constituted “the case” as a particular kind of epistemic unit and produced some mutations in terms of the contexts where psychoanalysis can be imagined to work creatively.
Este artigo analisa a relação entre as ideias teóricas de Michael Balint sobre saúde e doença, sua prática de trabalho em grupo com médicos (“grupos Balint”) e algumas ideias epistemológicas menos conhecidas da Escola de Psicanálise de... more
Este artigo analisa a relação entre as ideias teóricas de Michael Balint sobre saúde e doença, sua prática de trabalho em grupo com médicos (“grupos Balint”) e algumas ideias epistemológicas menos conhecidas da Escola de Psicanálise de Budapeste – lar psicanalítico de Balint. Embora Balint tenha começado a explorar o trabalho com grupos nos anos 1920 e 1930 em Budapeste, seu método amadureceu depois de seu exílio na Inglaterra, nos anos 1950. Este artigo baseia-se na rica correspondência de Balint encontrada nos arquivos da Sociedade Britânica de Psicanálise, e em documentos que apreendem a construção dos “grupos Balint”. O objetivo aqui é recuperar a radicalidade de Balint em seu trabalho com médicos, assim como propor uma genealogia desta radicalidade. Em primeira instância, reconstruímos o clima cultural e político de Budapeste nos anos 1920 e 1930. Em um segundo momento, nos concentramos nas ideias de Sándor Ferenczi sobre epistemologia e sobre a relação entre psicanálise e medicina. Em seguida, discutimos o lugar da contratransferência na Escola de Psicanálise de Budapeste. Finalmente, abordamos as particularidades do encontro entre psicanálise e medicina tal como se deu na Inglaterra, nos anos 1950.
In this paper, I discuss some blind spots in Freud’s conception of identification, starting from his 1910 text, Leonardo Da Vinci and a Memory of His Childhood. By analysing the way Freud construes Leonardo’s mother, Caterina, we gain... more
In this paper, I discuss some blind spots in Freud’s conception of identification, starting from his 1910 text, Leonardo Da Vinci and a Memory of His Childhood. By analysing the way Freud construes Leonardo’s mother, Caterina, we gain important insights into Freud’s oscillations between anatomical, symbolic and ontological considerations, when speaking of women and of identification. I show how Freud ‘oedipalises’ Leonardo’s story. Oedipus becomes central by assembling a pre-oedipal seductive mother; and by crafting a pre-oedipal and post-oedipal condition of fatherlessness. Drawing on Jessica Benjamin’s overinclusive view of development, I ask what we gain by reimagining Leonardo’s mother in terms of arriving at a non-oedipalised solution to the problems of sameness and difference – the inseparable facets of identification.
The article examines Sándor Ferenczi’s ideas about time and psychoanalytic technique. It proposes three metaphors for making sense of Ferenczi’s times: originary time (the tangent-out), organic time (segments), and pulsating time (the... more
The article examines Sándor Ferenczi’s ideas about time and psychoanalytic technique. It proposes three metaphors for making sense of Ferenczi’s times: originary time (the tangent-out), organic time (segments), and pulsating time (the meandering line). For Ferenczi, a differentiated mental process of the analyst characterizes each of these modes of being in time. A clinical vignette explores the workings of these different time threads during an analytic session.
In this paper, I propose a metapsychological search for some of the things we lost in psychoanalytic theory with Freud’s Beyond the Pleasure Principle. While I recognise the importance of the death drive as a metapsychological construct,... more
In this paper, I propose a metapsychological search for some of the things we lost in psychoanalytic theory with Freud’s Beyond the Pleasure Principle. While I recognise the importance of the death drive as a metapsychological construct, I argue that the first thing that went missing with the arrival of this ground-breaking Freudian text is the ego instincts or the self-preservative drives. Freud never articulated some plausible inheritors of the ego instincts. I follow some of the suggestions of the Budapest School for bringing back the self-preservative instincts to psychoanalytic theory. The second thing that went missing after Beyond the Pleasure Principle is the openness of our searches for typifying repetition. With the formulation of the “demoniac” repetition in this 1920 text, our theoretical imagination for speaking of other forms of repetition seems to have been arrested. I draw on the work of Sándor Ferenczi for thinking through new forms of repetition. Finally, I offer a Ferenczian re-reading of the Freudian Nachträglichkeit, which I see as crucial in the process of pluralising our thinking on repetition.
The article discusses the creativities of protest as phenomena of rhythm. Theoretically, I propose translating Cornelius Castoriadis’ regional ontology of selves into a problematique of rhythms. I argue for an artisanal way of using the... more
The article discusses the creativities of protest as phenomena of rhythm. Theoretically, I propose translating Cornelius Castoriadis’ regional ontology of selves into a problematique of rhythms. I argue for an artisanal way of using the Castoriadian conceptual pair autonomy/heteronomy, focusing on moments rather than on entire societies. Furthermore, I introduce a notion of concentricity of rhythms that allows us to capture the polyrhythmic complexity of protest situations, which become psychic situations, involving presences, as well as absences, half-absences or spectres. Thus, I aim to contribute to a psychosocial understanding of the creativities of collective action. Finally, I analyse the concentricities of rhythm in a site of protest in Romania. The organisation Alburnus Maior protests against the project of a gold mine based on cyanide technologies. It performs a complicated political choreography, centred on the symbolic pair gold-death. Listening to the rhythms of the square enables a reflection on autonomy, recognition and post-oedipal politics.
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The paper discusses the socio-political aesthetic of the Brazilian uprising in 2013, relying on a Guattarian understanding of aesthetics as a study of the ways that bodies come in contact with one another. I first show the blind spots and... more
The paper discusses the socio-political aesthetic of the Brazilian uprising in 2013, relying on a Guattarian understanding of aesthetics as a study of the ways that bodies come in contact with one another. I first show the blind spots and excesses of the analyses of the protests that focus on their violent aspects. I particularise these blind spots in terms of the pervasiveness of the signifier “fascism” in the Brazilian political imaginary; and in terms of the deadlocks around the signifier “revolution”. I argue that analyses conflating the violent dimension of the protests fail to see some emergent complexes of subjectification, which are centred on care and mutual containment. To account for these complexes of subjectification, I compare Guattari's image of capitalistic faciality as a “four-eye machine”, with Freud's image of the “Fort/Da” game (a child's game). While I acknowledge Guattari's critiques to the Freudian account of the “Fort/Da” game, I argue that a fresh look at Freud's proposition can lead us toward a new paradigm of politics and toward a new semantics of social proximity. The radicality in Freud's proposal is that it relies on a non-facialised and a corporeified subjectivity. Turning to actual contents and episodes of the Brazilian uprising, I ask two mutually elucidating questions about the new aesthetics of protest: “What can a face do?” and “What can an arm do?”. I thus point to forms of re-incorporation and re-democratisation of the face; and to the de-facialisation of bodies.
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Drawing on clinical material, I introduce the concept of object of psychic convertibility. I point to the openings it creates for making sense of borderline functioning, but also to possible paths it offers in re-thinking symbolisation in... more
Drawing on clinical material, I introduce the concept of object of psychic convertibility. I point to the openings it creates for making sense of borderline functioning, but also to possible paths it offers in re-thinking symbolisation in psychoanalytic theory.
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In this essay, I reflect on some of Freud's epistemological journeys through offering a reading of his drawings. I discuss what modes of knowing are inscribed in his drawings and what type of otherness emerges from them. I rely on four... more
In this essay, I reflect on some of Freud's epistemological journeys through offering a reading of his drawings. I discuss what modes of knowing are inscribed in his drawings and what type of otherness emerges from them. I rely on four drawings, each marking a different moment of Freud's epistemological constructions. I chose three of these images from the complete collection of Freud's diagrams and drawings, curated by Mark Solms, in 2006, on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of Freud's birth. The fourth drawing was not part of this exhibition, so I engage this curious exclusion. I treat them as exemplary drawings, each ingraining an important aspect of Freud's epistemological postures. Considered together, they reveal Freud as a dynamic thinker, capable of considerable revisions to his answers to the question “how do we know what we know?”. In discussing the drawings, I give special attention to his early studies on hysteria, which I see as a nodal point allowing these epistemological reconfigurations, and, ultimately, the emergence of psychoanalysis.
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In this essay, I discuss the epistemological threads that run through Freud's 1981 text On Aphasia. This early writing, not included in the complete works, contains rich articulations of Freud's epistemological dispositions, constructions... more
In this essay, I discuss the epistemological threads that run through Freud's 1981 text On Aphasia. This early writing, not included in the complete works, contains rich articulations of Freud's epistemological dispositions, constructions and challenges to the established scientific discourse of the time. I regard the On Aphasia as a radical piece, short-circuiting knowledge production centred on objectivist approaches; proposing a reconfiguration of notions of causality that derive from the objectivist postures; rejecting the centre-periphery spatial metaphor as a model for mental functioning; and establishing associationism as a core epistemological principle.
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O artigo propõe uma agenda de análise rítmica para estudar as criatividades do protesto. A discussão sobre a análise rítmica é ancorada na ontologia dos selves de autoria de Cornelius Castoriadis. Abarcaremos psique e sociedade no mesmo... more
O artigo propõe uma agenda de análise rítmica para estudar as criatividades do protesto. A discussão sobre a análise rítmica é ancorada na ontologia dos selves de autoria de Cornelius Castoriadis. Abarcaremos psique e sociedade no mesmo pensamento e mudaremos os termos do debate das subjetividades coletivas para a emergência rítmica dos divíduos. O artigo introduz a noção de ritmos concêntricos como um quadro analítico para tornar inteligíveis as polirritmias dos locais de protesto. Finalmente, o artigo constrói uma vinheta sobre ritmos concêntricos, onde, analisando uma coreografia particular do protesto, nos habilitamos a falar sobre autonomia, reconhecimento e política pós-edípica.
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Ever since feminist voices started to be heard in the field of International Relations (IR) more than two decades ago, the discipline has undergone important changes. These changes unfold at the level of the disciplinary imaginary, which... more
Ever since feminist voices started to be heard in the field of International Relations (IR) more than two decades ago, the discipline has undergone important changes. These changes unfold at the level of the disciplinary imaginary, which means that our accounts of the legitimate units in the organization of knowledge are unsettled and the center–periphery topography of the discipline is reconfigured. By reflecting on the case of feminist knowledge production in IR, I propose a rethinking of the encounter orthodoxy-meets-heterodoxy, which allows us to conceive of heterodoxy as an active part, one that does and is not only being done. Ultimately, this contributes to the understanding of the creation of novelty in contemporary intellectual fields, and it recovers feminists in IR as reflexive artisans devising local modes of subversive action.
The article engages with the relationship between feminist scholarship and the discipline of International Relations. Taking a step back from the recurrent concerns with marginality and those with the absent feminist revolution in IR, we... more
The article engages with the relationship between feminist scholarship and the discipline of International Relations. Taking a step back from the recurrent concerns with marginality and those with the absent feminist revolution in IR, we recast the problem of the complicated ménage between feminism and the field of IR as a case of a failure to love. Drawing on the sociology of thinking of Randall Collins and his theory of interaction ritual chains, we read the logic of practice in intellectual fields as one rooted in emotion. In this framework, we theorize citation practices as bearing the trace of intellectuals' emotion-loaded coalitions of the mind. The article maps out the intellectual coalitions in IR with respect to the feminist question by reconstructing the citation networks emerging from the special issue of Millennium, published in 1988 on 'Women in IR'. The maps we put together are read as snapshots of the emotional economy of IR, allowing further reflection about the status of feminist scholarship in IR, about intellectual creativity and about change and stasis in our discipline. We conclude that it is IR which is in trouble, not feminists, with regard to creative potential. Feminists are not marginal in or to IR; instead they are part of a ring of creativity connecting the emotional energies of different disciplinary fields.
Metaphor is often reduced to decorative expression in the social sciences. While sociologists rely heavily on metaphor to anchor theory, they fail to acknowledge its use and they treat it as disconnected from the activity of social... more
Metaphor is often reduced to decorative expression in the social sciences. While sociologists rely heavily on metaphor to anchor theory, they fail to acknowledge its use and they treat it as disconnected from the activity of social critique. The essay discusses the capacity of metaphor to put localities in a state of emergence and to reveal hierarchy. A vignette about feminist knowledge production shows how metaphors can be used in sociology without totalising ambitions, even in the realm of methodology, which is often reserved to aspirations of precision. This exposition allows for a critique of positivism, which is not seen as a mere “idea” grounding methodologies; instead, I regard it as a regime of resonance emerging in a time of war, for the efficient organisation of war machines, through an association between the state, the military, and some continental logical positivist ideas. I elaborate on the impoverished emotional modalities of positivism, and on its distinctive stylistics, which shows a preference for metonymy among metaphors. Finally, I reflect on some elements for an epistemological reconstruction.
Social thinkers today are taking important steps from conceiving the social world in terms of substances and ‘things’ towards conceiving it in terms of processes and unfolding relations. Network approaches are at the core of this movement... more
Social thinkers today are taking important steps from conceiving the social world in terms of substances and ‘things’ towards conceiving it in terms of processes and unfolding relations. Network approaches are at the core of this movement towards relational thinking. The chapter discusses Social Network Analysis (SNA) as more than a mere ‘method’, and argues that it belongs to a family of analytical strategies for the study of how resources, goods, events, or positions flow through a particular configuration of social ties. We show how the critical potential of network analysis grows from: (re)materialisations, interstitial thinking, and thinking across scales and strata of reality. In International Relations, the potential of network thinking rests in its creative disturbance of state-centric visions.
About the Exhibition “Michael Balint, the Internationalist” The Exhibition, shown on the occasion of the 20th International Balint Federation Congress (Oxford, 6th to 10th September, 2017), is the fruit of a collaboration of many months... more
About the Exhibition “Michael Balint, the Internationalist”
The Exhibition, shown on the occasion of the 20th International Balint Federation Congress (Oxford, 6th to 10th September, 2017), is the fruit of a collaboration of many months between Andrew Elder, Joanne Halford, Ewan O’Neill, Esti Rimmer, Raluca Soreanu and Judit Szekacs. The Exhibition was jointly supported by the British Psychoanalytical Society; the UK Balint Society; and The Wellcome Trust (through the research project ‘Balint Groups’ and the Patient-Doctor Relationship: The Social History of a Psychoanalytic Contribution to the Medical Sciences, held by Raluca Soreanu, Birkbeck College – grant 200347/Z/15/Z). The exhibition texts are authored by Raluca Soreanu.
About the Exhibition “Michael Balint, the Internationalist” The Exhibition, shown on the occasion of the 20th International Balint Federation Congress (Oxford, 6th to 10th September, 2017), is the fruit of a collaboration of many months... more
About the Exhibition “Michael Balint, the Internationalist” The Exhibition, shown on the occasion of the 20th International Balint Federation Congress (Oxford, 6th to 10th September, 2017), is the fruit of a collaboration of many months between Andrew Elder, Joanne Halford, Ewan O’Neill, Esti Rimmer, Raluca Soreanu and Judit Szekacs. The Exhibition was jointly supported by the British Psychoanalytical Society; the UK Balint Society; and The Wellcome Trust (through the research project ‘Balint Groups’ and the Patient-Doctor Relationship: The Social History of a Psychoanalytic Contribution to the Medical Sciences, held by Raluca Soreanu, Birkbeck College – grant 200347/Z/15/Z). The exhibition texts are authored by Raluca Soreanu.
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About the Exhibition “Michael Balint, the Internationalist” The Exhibition, shown on the occasion of the 20th International Balint Federation Congress (Oxford, 6th to 10th September, 2017), is the fruit of a collaboration of many months... more
About the Exhibition “Michael Balint, the Internationalist” The Exhibition, shown on the occasion of the 20th International Balint Federation Congress (Oxford, 6th to 10th September, 2017), is the fruit of a collaboration of many months between Andrew Elder, Joanne Halford, Ewan O’Neill, Esti Rimmer, Raluca Soreanu and Judit Szekacs. The Exhibition was jointly supported by the British Psychoanalytical Society; the UK Balint Society; and The Wellcome Trust (through the research project ‘Balint Groups’ and the Patient-Doctor Relationship: The Social History of a Psychoanalytic Contribution to the Medical Sciences, held by Raluca Soreanu, Birkbeck College – grant 200347/Z/15/Z). The exhibition texts are authored by Raluca Soreanu.
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Penna, Carla. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo, 2014. 481 p.
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