Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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— Craze for motorbikes is remarkable in today's era and it is increasing day by day, especially in young generation. There is an increase in the rise of road mishaps as the use of two wheelers are increased to two fold. This paves the way for the accidents due to which serious injuries and death of a person occurs. Many times the accidents are due to the sheer negligence of road rules by the bikers. The idea behind the 'Safety redefined' is a measure to ensure safety of two-wheelers on the road. This is a safety helmet which safeguards the bikers on two-wheelers, in a boozed up condition. The safety helmet consists of a module which ensure that the biker is inebriated or not before wearing the helmet. The proposed system used microcontroller to control the interaction between the modules and RF transmitter and receiver to interact. An alcohol sensor is used to detect the level of alcohol the biker consumed. This system is modelled for the road safety to make Indian roads a much safer place for the riders. Also, it ensures that the drunken riders may not be able to start the ignition engine of the motorcycle, protecting both the riders and the walkers on the road. .

In a developing country like India, automation plays an important role in the development and advancement of the country. In the field of irrigation, proper method of irrigation is important. At the present era, the gardeners have been using irrigation technique in India through the manual control in which the gardeners irrigate at the regular intervals. This process sometimes consumes more water or sometimes the water reaches late due to which the grass and plants get dried. Over-irrigation can increase energy consumption and water cost as well as leaching of fertilizers below the root zone, erosion, and transport of soil and chemical particles to the drainage ditches. Irrigators who monitor soil moisture levels in the field greatly increase their ability to conserve water and energy and avoid soil erosion and water pollution. The objective of this paper is to develop sensor based automated gardening system to reduce water requirement and balanced gardening in smart city projects in India. Manpower isn`t required in this system and moisture content of soil will be balanced all the time.

Insect numbers are dwindling over the world, and some species have gone extinct in the past. Exploration of seldom seen Insect species has therefore become a difficult endeavor for Entomologists and Insect Watchers. We created an Android application based on deep learning to assist users in recognizing 280 different insect species, making insect categorization much more user-friendly. We employ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) pre-trained on ImageNet Dataset as freeze layers of the network in this article, then train the final output layer, which has 280 separate classes. The accuracy of CNN models such as EfficientNet-lite0, InceptionV3, Xception, ResNet-50, MobilenetV2, and InceptionResNetV2 has been evaluated, and the mobile app's operation has been discussed. Maximum train data accuracy of 99.81 percent and test data accuracy of 98.62 percent is accomplished.

Abstract: In a developing country like India, automation plays an important role in the development and advancement of the country. In the field of irrigation, proper method of irrigation is important . At the present era, the gardeners have been using irrigation technique in India through the manual control in which the gardeners irrigate at the regular intervals. This process sometimes consumes more water or sometimes the water reaches late due to which the grass and plants get dried. Over-irrigation can increase energy consumption and water cost as well as leaching of fertilizers below the root zone, erosion, and transport of soil and chemical particles to the drainage ditches. Irrigators who monitor soil moisture levels in the field greatly increase their ability to conserve water and energy and avoid soil erosion and water pollution. The objective of this paper is to develop sensor based automated gardening system to reduce water requirement and balanced gardening in smart city...

ABSTRACT In the current paper, we propose an approach for the design and implementation of crime detection and criminal identification for Indian cities using data mining techniques. Our approach is divided into six modules, namely—data extraction (DE), data preprocessing (DP), clustering, Google map representation, classification and WEKA® implementation. First module, DE extracts the unstructured crime dataset from various crime Web sources, during the period of 2000–2012. Second module, DP cleans, integrates and reduces the extracted crime data into structured 5,038 crime instances. We represent these instances using 35 predefined crime attributes. Safeguard measures are taken for the crime database accessibility. Rest four modules are useful for crime detection, criminal identification and prediction, and crime verification, respectively. Crime detection is analyzed using k-means clustering, which iteratively generates two crime clusters that are based on similar crime attributes. Google map improves visualization to k-means. Criminal identification and prediction is analyzed using KNN classification. Crime verification of our results is done using WEKA®. WEKA® verifies an accuracy of 93.62 and 93.99 % in the formation of two crime clusters using selected crime attributes. Our approach contributes in the betterment of the society by helping the investigating agencies in crime detection and criminals’ identification, and thus reducing the crime rates.

Cancer is one of the most common devastating disease affecting millions of people per year worldwide. To fight against cancer, a number of natural plant compounds have been exploited by researchers to discover novel anti-cancer therapeutics with minimum or no side effects and plants have proved their usefulness in anti-cancer therapy in past few years. Ricin, a cytotoxic plant protein isolated from castor bean seeds, is a ribosome-inactivating protein which destroys the cells by inhibiting proteins synthesis. Ricin presents great potential as anti-cancer agent and exerts its anti-cancer activity by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the current information on anti-cancer properties of plant toxin ricin, its potential applications in cancer therapy, challenges associated with its use as therapeutic agent and the recent advances made to overcome these challenges. Nanotechnology could open the doors for quick development of ricin-based anti-cancer therapeutics. Conceivably, ricin may serve as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancer by utilizing nanocarriers for its targeted delivery to cancer cells.

Face detection entails the technology that identifies the human face in digital images. Face detection can be used in various applications. One of the major areas of application of face recognition is in security systems. We know that a smart security system is the need of the hour and has become a necessity in today’s time. It is the basic need of humans to be able to protect one’s home and belongings. The security system needs to be smart and efficient. Hence, it avoids intruders and protects your possessions by minimizing break-ins. Installing a home security system helps in protecting your home and valuables from burglars. The security system developed has a camera module that will give access to only authenticated persons to unlock the main door of the house using facial recognition technology. This discrete system is developed using an electronic board called as Raspberry Pi can detect intruders as well as send off an alarm to nearby police stations using SMS or Email. Keyword...

This paper demonstrates validation of modified control algorithm for MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) for Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based WECS (Wind Energy Conversion System). The main objective is maximizing the wind energy by optimizing the losses. MPPT algorithm implementation is done by performing control of duty cycle of DC to DC boost converter. This method establishes effective system for wind energy utilization and reduces rating for control. The implementation of the MPPT algorithm is done with the use of instantaneous values of input-side electrical parameters. The complete idea is verified by simulation in the simulation environment of MATLAB—Simulink. Keywords: MPPT, duty cycle, DFIG, WECS Cite this Article Komal Bagai, Sidharth Talia, Sandeep Banerjee, Himanshu Sharma, Nikunj Kumar Agarwal. Operation of isolated DFIG with Modified PO 7(1): 29–33p.

The off grid systems are gaining importance in rural areas situated in remote locations where grid extension is not just difficult but expensive too. The north-eastern states of India have plenty of rivers flowing in and around creating huge opportunities for installing small and micro-hydro plants. Moreover the rural areas have immense biomass potential due to availability of cow dung from cattle and forest waste. With the aim to electrify rural areas in Assam, three different configurations using renewable energy resources-Standalone Micro-hydro plant, Standalone Biogas plant and hybrid Micro-hydro and Biogas plant is simulated using HOMER software. The size and cost optimization results for the three configurations are validated using Hydro-Biogas optimization (HBO) algorithm developed in MATLAB environment. It was observed that using a standalone micro-hydro system was most economical with lowest cost of energy of 2.56 INR/kWh. But this system was unable to meet the load require...