Rebecca H Jones
Heriot-Watt University, School of Social Sciences, Department Member
- The University of Newcastle, History, classics and archaeology, UndergraduateUniversity of Glasgow, Archaeology, Alumnusadd
- Archaeologist and cultural heritage professional with a research background in Roman frontiers and a professional bac... moreArchaeologist and cultural heritage professional with a research background in Roman frontiers and a professional background in developing partnerships to ensure best practice and the use of evidence-based data in enhancing understanding of our past. I work in Strategy, Policy, creative responses and the positive impact of heritage on society.edit
This report describes the outcomes from an application of the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the St Kilda WH property, the first application undertaken anywhere in the world for a mixed heritage property (i.e., recognised for both... more
This report describes the outcomes from an application of the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the St Kilda WH property, the first application undertaken anywhere in the world for a mixed heritage property (i.e., recognised for both natural and cultural values). The CVI is a methodology to rapidly assess the vulnerability of natural and cultural WH properties. It systematically evaluates the realised and potential impacts upon the values that collectively comprise the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the property, as well as the consequent impacts upon the economic, social and cultural (ESC) elements of the associated community.
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The Roman army in Britain left an archaeological legacy that is the envy of the rest of the Roman world. The forts, fortresses and frontier defences are rightly celebrated, but less well known are the temporary camps. These were... more
The Roman army in Britain left an archaeological legacy that is the envy of the rest of the Roman world. The forts, fortresses and frontier defences are rightly celebrated, but less well known are the temporary camps. These were constructed to house the army for short periods of time while on campaigns. Scotland contains a wealth of Roman camps and this book is a companion volume to earlier publications of camps in England and Wales. The book is illustrated throughout with plans, maps and photographs, and will be of interest to all those who wish to know more about the archaeology of the Roman army.
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Winner - Book of the Year at the Current Archaeology Awards, 2013. The Roman Empire was one of the greatest of the ancient world, and expanding and maintaining that Empire required military might. While considerable research has been... more
Winner - Book of the Year at the Current Archaeology Awards, 2013.
The Roman Empire was one of the greatest of the ancient world, and expanding and maintaining that Empire required military might. While considerable research has been undertaken on Roman frontiers, fortresses and forts, Roman camps, the subject of this book, are one of the bridesmaids of the study of the fortifications of the Roman army. Although basic and only occupied for a short period, a number of camp sites have survived the ravages of time to tell us something of the movements and activities of the Roman army. They have now been recorded the length and breadth of the Roman Empire, but the area with the largest number of recognised camps is that of the island of Britain, with nearly 500 now known. Rebecca Jones commences this fascinating study with a general overview of the Roman conquest of Britain and an explanation of what Roman camps were used for and looked like. The focus then moves on to the archaeology of Roman camps in Britain, exploring how we know what we know and looking at the re-use and survival of these structures. Recent excavation and survey work is considered, as well as the distribution of camps and how our archaeological understanding can help interpret their chronology and context.
The Roman Empire was one of the greatest of the ancient world, and expanding and maintaining that Empire required military might. While considerable research has been undertaken on Roman frontiers, fortresses and forts, Roman camps, the subject of this book, are one of the bridesmaids of the study of the fortifications of the Roman army. Although basic and only occupied for a short period, a number of camp sites have survived the ravages of time to tell us something of the movements and activities of the Roman army. They have now been recorded the length and breadth of the Roman Empire, but the area with the largest number of recognised camps is that of the island of Britain, with nearly 500 now known. Rebecca Jones commences this fascinating study with a general overview of the Roman conquest of Britain and an explanation of what Roman camps were used for and looked like. The focus then moves on to the archaeology of Roman camps in Britain, exploring how we know what we know and looking at the re-use and survival of these structures. Recent excavation and survey work is considered, as well as the distribution of camps and how our archaeological understanding can help interpret their chronology and context.
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This volume celebrates the twenty-fifth Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. It presents the history of the congress accompanied by photographs and reminiscences from participants, a story populated by many of the well-known archaeologists... more
This volume celebrates the twenty-fifth Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. It presents the history of the congress accompanied by photographs and reminiscences from participants, a story populated by many of the well-known archaeologists of the last 75 years and, indeed, earlier as the genesis of the Congress lies in the inter-War years.
In 1949, in the aftermath of a devastating war, Eric Birley organised the First Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. His aim was not only to pursue the study of Roman frontiers but also to take a step towards restoring harmony in international relations within this field of research. The pattern was set early on: the exchange of information, networking and friendship. These three elements remain at the core of the approach of those organising and attending the Congress. They are reinforced by the pattern of the meetings, usually held every three years. The programme includes not only lectures but also visits to the local Roman military sites led by appropriate specialists.
Over the 73 years since the First Congress, membership has grown enormously with more lecture theatres and more coaches being required every meeting. This publication marks the twenty-fifth Congress at Nijmegen in the Netherlands, a city well known to Roman frontier archaeologists and early medieval scholars alike. It aims to help newer members understand the body they have joined; for those who have been attending for longer, it will be a reminder of friendships made and strengthened; for all, the book hopes to be a spur to continuing investigations and research into Rome’s greatest monument, its frontiers; for the moment of publication, it will be a celebration of the twenty-fifth Congress of Roman Frontier Studies.
In 1949, in the aftermath of a devastating war, Eric Birley organised the First Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. His aim was not only to pursue the study of Roman frontiers but also to take a step towards restoring harmony in international relations within this field of research. The pattern was set early on: the exchange of information, networking and friendship. These three elements remain at the core of the approach of those organising and attending the Congress. They are reinforced by the pattern of the meetings, usually held every three years. The programme includes not only lectures but also visits to the local Roman military sites led by appropriate specialists.
Over the 73 years since the First Congress, membership has grown enormously with more lecture theatres and more coaches being required every meeting. This publication marks the twenty-fifth Congress at Nijmegen in the Netherlands, a city well known to Roman frontier archaeologists and early medieval scholars alike. It aims to help newer members understand the body they have joined; for those who have been attending for longer, it will be a reminder of friendships made and strengthened; for all, the book hopes to be a spur to continuing investigations and research into Rome’s greatest monument, its frontiers; for the moment of publication, it will be a celebration of the twenty-fifth Congress of Roman Frontier Studies.
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AVAILABLE OPEN ACCESS: https://epoiesen.carleton.ca/2023/11/17/sketchbridgingromanscotland/
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Technical report on the results of a workshop applying the CVI to the Edinburgh World Heritage property in May-June 2021
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"… climate change has become one of the most signifcant and fastest growing threats to people and their heritage worldwide …" ICOMOS, 2017 "Climate change is fast becoming one of the most signifcant risks for World Heritage sites... more
"… climate change has become one of the most signifcant and fastest growing threats to people and their heritage worldwide …" ICOMOS, 2017 "Climate change is fast becoming one of the most signifcant risks for World Heritage sites worldwide … direct and indirect impacts of climate change may present a threat to their Outstanding Universal Value, integrity and authenticity" Markham et al 2016, UNESCO report: World Heritage & Tourism in a Changing Climate CLIMATE VULNERABILITY INDEX Key climate stressors were identifed for each of the four properties in Scotland and used in assessing the OUV and Community Vulnerability on a trafc-light scale (Low/Moderate/High).
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A report on the application of the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) to the Antonine Wall in Scotland (a component part of the Frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage property).
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This paper discusses and summarises the information available for the temporary camps on the Forth-Clyde isthmus. Aerial photographic information has been re-appraised and supplemented with evidence from recent excavations to suggest a... more
This paper discusses and summarises the information available for the temporary camps on the Forth-Clyde isthmus. Aerial photographic information has been re-appraised and supplemented with evidence from recent excavations to suggest a modification to the construction 'groups' proposed in Hanson & Maxwell's Rome's North West Frontier: The Antonine Wall (1983).
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Challenges of deploying consistent terminology across multiple languages
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The archaeological discoveries of Captain (later General) Robert Melville in 1754, the Roman camps of Campmuir, Lintrose; Kirkbuddo; Battledykes, Oathlaw; and Keithock. All were later planned by William Roy. Jones, R H and Maxwell, G S... more
The archaeological discoveries of Captain (later General) Robert Melville in 1754, the Roman camps of Campmuir, Lintrose; Kirkbuddo; Battledykes, Oathlaw; and Keithock. All were later planned by William Roy.
Jones, R H and Maxwell, G S 2008 ‘A Horseman Riding by: Archaeological Discovery in 1754’ Tayside and Fife Archaeological Journal 14, 1-8.
Jones, R H and Maxwell, G S 2008 ‘A Horseman Riding by: Archaeological Discovery in 1754’ Tayside and Fife Archaeological Journal 14, 1-8.
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A discussion of camps with clavicula gates in Britain
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This paper outlines the history of the Frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage Site and the challenges of management of this international site and the protection of individual sites as well as the whole. The integration of portable... more
This paper outlines the history of the Frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage Site and the challenges of management of this international site and the protection of individual sites as well as the whole. The integration of portable objects (inscriptions and artefacts) is discussed, given
that these are exempt from the World Heritage classification. Finally, a vision for the future of the World Heritage Site is presented.
that these are exempt from the World Heritage classification. Finally, a vision for the future of the World Heritage Site is presented.
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ABSTRACT The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) maintains the national inventory and hosts the national collections of the archaeological and built heritage of Scotland, including its maritime... more
ABSTRACT The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) maintains the national inventory and hosts the national collections of the archaeological and built heritage of Scotland, including its maritime waters. Both professional users and the wider public have been able to view information in the inventory online, through Canmore, since 1998. Yet there was no mechanism to actively contribute to the knowledge base. Since our centenary in 2008, new strategies have evolved to harness the knowledge of both our professional and public users, to contribute directly to the national inventory. This paper describes the opening-up - letting go - of Canmore, through a number of routes, to enable new partners to actively contribute their knowledge directly and efficiently to Canmore through a collaborative and flexible approach. The paper then discusses how information is disseminated using a similarly agile approach that aims to allow users to find and use the data that they need, while serving the needs and imperatives such as the European Union INSPIRE Directive. It is noted that pragmatism is required; government bodies, audiences and partners do not all move at the same pace as the available technologies.
Research Interests: Engineering and CAA
ABSTRACTThe review of a series of oblique aerial photographs recording a Neolithic bank barrow and adjacent post-medieval feld-system identifed the ground-plan of a Roman temporary camp on the rising ground to the north-east of the Roman... more
ABSTRACTThe review of a series of oblique aerial photographs recording a Neolithic bank barrow and adjacent post-medieval feld-system identifed the ground-plan of a Roman temporary camp on the rising ground to the north-east of the Roman fort at Raeburnfoot, Dumfriesshire. Further analysis, later confrmed by feld survey, recognised the presence of at least two upstanding gateways of a form usually referred to as the ‘Stracathro’-type and so far only known in Scotland. All the other examples are known only as cropmarks, making the camp at Raeburnfoot the sole visible earthwork camp with these unusual entrances known in the Roman world.
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ABSTRACTThe Roman military presence at Dalswinton is reassessed using a range of remote sensing techniques (geophysical survey, LiDAR and aerial photography). At Bankfoot the absence of internal buildings suggests the postulated... more
ABSTRACTThe Roman military presence at Dalswinton is reassessed using a range of remote sensing techniques (geophysical survey, LiDAR and aerial photography). At Bankfoot the absence of internal buildings suggests the postulated vexillation fortress was a more temporary structure; while numerous pits/ovens were identified across the interior of the large Stracathro-type camp. The primary fort at Bankhead was provided with in-turned entrances and two small annexes attached to the north-west and south-east quadrants of the fort. A third much larger annexe extended southwards down to the river. Only pits and furnaces were recorded within the annexes, two of which were expanded in Phase 2. Various buildings, including legionary and auxiliary barracks, were identified in the expanded fort of Phase 2, whose orientation remained unchanged. A mixed garrison of legionaries and auxiliary cavalry is indicated for both periods of occupation. Finally, the fort was deliberately demolished. The Ro...
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Roman Frontiers (Limes) run through several countries across Europe, the Near East and North Africa. In addition to those territories on the boundaries of the Empire, Roman military remains and artefacts are recorded in other countries,... more
Roman Frontiers (Limes) run through several countries across
Europe, the Near East and North Africa. In addition to those territories on the boundaries of the Empire, Roman military remains and
artefacts are recorded in other countries, reflecting the development, expansion and contraction of the Roman Empire as well as
trade within and beyond its borders. Since the early 2000s, a project
has been on-going to create a series of transnational World
Heritage properties for the Frontiers of the Roman Empire, building
on existing networking connections established through the
International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies and establishing
new collaborations and partnerships, from local to international. In
recognising the outstanding value to all humanity of our shared
cultural heritage, the Limes provide an opportunity to connect
communities and countries, as well as engender a sense of local
pride in the global importance of remains. This paper is derived
from a keynote given at the European Association of Archaeologists
virtual conference in 2020, and asks how, when wrestling with
global challenges such as Climate Change and the Covid19 pandemic, can World Heritage and Roman Frontiers contribute to our
21st century society?
Europe, the Near East and North Africa. In addition to those territories on the boundaries of the Empire, Roman military remains and
artefacts are recorded in other countries, reflecting the development, expansion and contraction of the Roman Empire as well as
trade within and beyond its borders. Since the early 2000s, a project
has been on-going to create a series of transnational World
Heritage properties for the Frontiers of the Roman Empire, building
on existing networking connections established through the
International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies and establishing
new collaborations and partnerships, from local to international. In
recognising the outstanding value to all humanity of our shared
cultural heritage, the Limes provide an opportunity to connect
communities and countries, as well as engender a sense of local
pride in the global importance of remains. This paper is derived
from a keynote given at the European Association of Archaeologists
virtual conference in 2020, and asks how, when wrestling with
global challenges such as Climate Change and the Covid19 pandemic, can World Heritage and Roman Frontiers contribute to our
21st century society?
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The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) maintains the national inventory and hosts the national collections of the archaeological and built heritage of Scotland, including its maritime waters.... more
The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) maintains the national inventory and hosts the national collections of the archaeological and built heritage of Scotland, including its maritime waters. Both professional users and the wider public have been able to view information in the inventory online, through Canmore, since 1998. Yet there was no mechanism to actively contribute to the knowledge base. Since our centenary in 2008, new strategies have evolved to harness the knowledge of both our professional and public users, to contribute directly to the national inventory. This paper describes the opening-up - letting go - of Canmore, through a number of routes, to enable new partners to actively contribute their knowledge directly and efficiently to Canmore through a collaborative and flexible approach. The paper then discusses how information is disseminated using a similarly agile approach that aims to allow users to find and use the data that...
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Bearsden on the Antonine Wall: the final report - DAVID J. BREEZE, with contributions by L. Allason-Jones, D. Bailey, M. Baillie, I. Banks, P. Bidwell, S. Bohncke, S. Chalmers, G. H. Collins, A. Crone, A. Croom, B. Dickinson, C. Dickson, J. H. Dickson, A. Fitzpatrick, D. Gallagher, G. Gaunt, R. D...more
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A cavalry fort on the northern frontier and the chronology of Flavian Scotland. W. S. HANSON, with K. SPELLER, P. A. YEOMAN and J. TERRY, and contributions by L. Allason-Jones, J. D. Bateson, A. J. Clapham, P. A. Clarke, B. A. Crone, C. Dickson, S. J. Dockrill, J. Dore, S. Garside-Neville, J. A. ...more
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ABSTRACT Aerial photographic collections developed from the need for military intelligence, for cartographic mapping, for commercial gain or for specific targeted research. Over time, the value of historical aerial photography has been... more
ABSTRACT Aerial photographic collections developed from the need for military intelligence, for cartographic mapping, for commercial gain or for specific targeted research. Over time, the value of historical aerial photography has been appreciated far beyond its original purpose, as it provides an irreplaceable record of the ever-changing landscapes and townscapes that surround us. Key to the reuse of these resources is access to the finding aids that index the individual photographs. It is argued that the potential of the information on traditional ledgers and sortie traces can be, and should be, unlocked through digitisation, to provide spatial indexes that may be accessed through remote Geographic Information Systems as part of integrated information resources delivered through spatial data infrastructures. The role of new and disruptive technologies is also considered to demonstrate the potential for accessing historical mosaicked imagery in browsers such as Google Earth.
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A range of issues relevant to understanding and evaluating the relationships between artefacts and the sites and monuments with which they are associated is raised and illustrated with Scottish case studies.
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The Last Frontier: The Roman Invasions of Scotland. By A. Kamm. Tempus, Stroud, 2004. Pp. 192, illus. Price: £17.99. ISBN 978 0 7524 3137 6.The Roman Conquest of Scotland: The Battle of Mons Graupius AD 84. By J.E. Fraser. Tempus, Stroud, 2005. Pp. 159, illus. Price: £17.99. ISBN 978 0 7524 3325 7more
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A discussion of the camps outside the fort of Trimontium at Newstead in the Scottish Borders.
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The preparation of a map is an exercise in precision in symbolic depiction and representation. It is also about presenting information in a visual and accurate manner. This is a short paper on the decisions taken in order to create a Map... more
The preparation of a map is an exercise in precision in symbolic depiction and representation. It is also about presenting information in a visual and accurate manner. This is a short paper on the decisions taken in order to create a Map of the Frontiers of the Roman Empire, as part of the Frontiers of the Roman Empire Culture 2000 project (2005-8) and presented in a festschrift to Zsolt Visy (Hungary).
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The Roman military presence at Dalswinton is reassessed using a range of remote sensing techniques (geophysical survey, LiDAR and aerial photography). At Bankfoot the absence of internal buildings suggests the postulated vexillation... more
The Roman military presence at Dalswinton is reassessed using a range of remote sensing techniques (geophysical survey, LiDAR and aerial photography). At Bankfoot the absence of internal buildings suggests the postulated vexillation fortress was a more temporary structure; while numerous pits/ovens were identified across the interior of the large Stracathro-type camp. The primary fort at Bankhead was provided with in-turned entrances and two small annexes attached to the northwest and southeast quadrants of the fort. A third much larger annexe extended southwards down to the river. Only pits and furnaces were recorded within the annexes, two of which were expanded in Phase 2. Various buildings, including legionary and auxiliary barracks, were identified in the expanded fort of Phase 2, whose orientation remained unchanged. A mixed garrison of legionaries and auxiliary cavalry is indicated for both periods of occupation. Finally, the fort was deliberately demolished. The Roman attribution of the three nearby enclosures at Butterhole Brae can no longer be supported.
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Discussion of the features underneath the forts at Bar Hill and Croy Hill and their possible role in the surveying and layout of the Antonine Wall, together with other features along the Wall
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Studies on the Roman conquest of Scotland have so far concentrated on known remains and Tacitus' biography of his father-in-law, of the governor Agricola. Tacitus reports of land and naval forces deployed in the advance of northern... more
Studies on the Roman conquest of Scotland have so far concentrated on known remains and Tacitus' biography of his father-in-law,
of the governor Agricola.
Tacitus reports of land and naval forces deployed in the advance of northern Britain sharing “supplies and high spirits” and boasting of their achievements.
Tacitus also informs us that the fleet circumnavigated the island. The location of meeting points between soldiers and sailors is unknown but some suggested coastal locations will be discussed. Although some coastal sites are known, coverage across Scotland is patchy with many sites awaiting discovery.
This paper explores some camps and sites near the coast and emphasises how interdisciplinary research and paleogeography can help us better understand the Roman coastline in the future.
of the governor Agricola.
Tacitus reports of land and naval forces deployed in the advance of northern Britain sharing “supplies and high spirits” and boasting of their achievements.
Tacitus also informs us that the fleet circumnavigated the island. The location of meeting points between soldiers and sailors is unknown but some suggested coastal locations will be discussed. Although some coastal sites are known, coverage across Scotland is patchy with many sites awaiting discovery.
This paper explores some camps and sites near the coast and emphasises how interdisciplinary research and paleogeography can help us better understand the Roman coastline in the future.
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The historical sources for Roman camps are noted. A classification for Roman temporary camps is proposed (marching, practice, siege and construction), although exceptions are recorded. The archaeological evidence for their perimeters and... more
The historical sources for Roman camps are noted. A classification for Roman temporary camps is proposed (marching, practice, siege and construction), although exceptions are recorded. The archaeological evidence for their perimeters and internal features is discussed and the potential time period for their occupation observed alongside the difficulties in separating some structures from sites intended for more permanent occupation.
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Paper in volume celebrating the work of Lindsay Allason-Jones discussing the evidence for people in temporary camps. It particularly looks at the evidence from excavation, remote sensing (aerial and geophysical survey) for interior... more
Paper in volume celebrating the work of Lindsay Allason-Jones discussing the evidence for people in temporary camps. It particularly looks at the evidence from excavation, remote sensing (aerial and geophysical survey) for interior remains. Case studies in Scotland and on Hadrian's Wall.
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Climate Change is the biggest threat to World Heritage globally. This will present the results of a Climate Vulnerability Index workshop held for the Antonine Wall in February 2022.