- Crop Physiology, Agronomy, Biochemistry, Plant Physiology, Abiotic Stress, Responses of plant to abiotic stresses, and 14 moreMineral Nutrition, Abiotic stress (Crop Physiology), Oxidative Stress in Plants, Plant and Algae Physiology, Rice abiotic stress tolerance particularly drought, Antioxidants and Nutraceutics of Seaweeds, Multiple Abiotic Stresses, Salinity Wheat Seed Priming, Plant biotic and abiotic stresses, Drought, Drought Stress, Biology, Chemistry, and Biotechnologyedit
- I am working as plant physiologist. Being a keen observer, I try to learn new aspects in life sciences. My research m... moreI am working as plant physiologist. Being a keen observer, I try to learn new aspects in life sciences. My research mainly focused on direct benefits to target audience and researcher as well.edit
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Restriction in crop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and... more
Restriction in crop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mM) as seed priming and foliar spray treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. Plant growth and grain yields were reduced under drought. Two glucose treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) improved tillering and dry biomass as compared to other treatments. Foliar sprayed-glucose treated plants showed increasing trends in grain yield under drought. Physio-chemical attributes were also modulated by exogenously applied carbohydrates. Nitrate reductase activity and total soluble proteins were increased with increase in sugar treatments under drought. Osmotic and water potentials were reduced under drought but foliar glucose sprays of 10 mM and 50 mM applied at reproductive phase significantly reversed the adverse effects of drought. Gas exchange characteristics including CO2 concentration, transpiration and photosynthesis rates were raised by glucose treatments under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Hence, drought tolerance was slightly induced by exogenous glucose doses in terms of improved growth, yield and physiological traits.
Research Interests: Agronomy, Biology, Drought, Drought Stress, Glucose, and 6 morePlant Growth Regulators, Yield, Wheat, Crop, Seed Priming, and Foliar Spray
Drought is one of the major constraints for sustainable crop production worldwide, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The global warming and climate change scenario has worsened the dilemma of water scarcity, creating an immediate... more
Drought is one of the major constraints for sustainable crop production worldwide, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The global warming and climate change scenario has worsened the dilemma of water scarcity, creating an immediate threat to food security. Conserving water resources and exploiting various strategies that enable plants to withstand water deficits need to be urgently addressed. Drought adversely affects plant growth by modulating a range of physio-chemical, metabolic, and molecular processes inside the plant body, which ultimately reduces crop productivity. Besides developing drought-tolerant cultivars, better nutrient management could be a promising strategy to enhance drought tolerance in crop plants. Silicon, a quasi-essential element, is known to play a vital role in improving crop performance under a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. This review discusses the potential of Si application in attenuating the adverse effects of water-deficit stress. Silicon ...
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ABSTRACT: In direct seeded rice (DSR), flushes of weeds are encountered, and mostly subsequent herbicides need to apply to control weeds that appear later. A farmer friendly approach was hypothesized in present study to integrate the... more
ABSTRACT: In direct seeded rice (DSR), flushes of weeds are encountered, and mostly subsequent herbicides need to apply to control weeds that appear later. A farmer friendly approach was hypothesized in present study to integrate the management strategies for water, soil and cost effective weed free rice production. Efficacy of various herbicides in weed control to improve the performance of aerobic rice grown under varying tillage and alternate water regimes was evaluated. Five weed management techniques (weedy check, weed-free, pendimethalin followed by manual weeding, pendimethalin + bispyribac sodium (BS) + bensulfuron (B) and pendimethalin + MCPA) were carried out within the alternate wetting and drying (AWD) regimes (15 and 20 cm depth) under two tillage systems (zero and conventional). All the herbicide treatments reduced the weed intensity as compared to weedy check, however minimum weed density and dry biomass was observed in pendimethalin at 40 and 60 days after sowing, re...
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To appraise the potential role of foliar applied proline as an alternative shotgun approach to ameliorate the adverse effect of salinity on wheat, a pot experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions, two wheat... more
To appraise the potential role of foliar applied proline as an alternative shotgun approach to ameliorate the adverse effect of salinity on wheat, a pot experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions, two wheat genotypes; a salt tolerant strain ESW-9525 and a moderately tolerant cultivar kherman were used in this study. Factorial combination of treatments with three replications was arranged under completely randomized design. Seven days old wheat seedlings were exposed to various levels of salinity (0, 60 and 120 Mm NaCl) for one week and applied with foliar proline (0, 50 and 100 mM) one week later. Salinity stress caused a significant reduction in plant growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, as well as alterations in ionic balance. Foliar applied proline significantly improved root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, K contents and K: Na ratio. Both genotypes varied considerably in endogenous level of proline (Pro), glycine...
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As water deficit is the major constrained for agriculture crop production, germination potentials of twenty six wheat genotypes were assessed under various drought stress levels while six genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance... more
As water deficit is the major constrained for agriculture crop production, germination potentials of twenty six wheat genotypes were assessed under various drought stress levels while six genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance potential through growth and physiological studies at early seedling stage. The experimental layout was comprised of three drought treatments in completely randomized pattern with three replicates under controlled conditions. Drought stress was induced through polyethylene glycol-6000 solutions by maintaining three osmotic potentials (-0.5MPa, -0.75MPa and 1.0MPa) in water culture medium while 1/4 Hoagland’s solution with zero osmotic potential was applied as control. Germination rate, seedling’s growth and photosynthesis were declined with increased levels of water deficiency. Seedling length, fresh and dry biomasses of root and shoot, and photosynthetic pigments executed more reduction at higher water deficit conditions. However, genotype TD-1 follow...
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Wheat constitutes pivotal position for ensuring food and nutritional security; however, rapidly rising soil and water salinity pose a serious threat to its production globally. Salinity stress negatively affects the growth and development... more
Wheat constitutes pivotal position for ensuring food and nutritional security; however, rapidly rising soil and water salinity pose a serious threat to its production globally. Salinity stress negatively affects the growth and development of wheat leading to diminished grain yield and quality. Wheat plants utilize a range of physiological biochemical and molecular mechanisms to adapt under salinity stress at the cell, tissue as well as whole plant levels to optimize the growth, and yield by off-setting the adverse effects of saline environment. Recently, various adaptation and management strategies have been developed to reduce the deleterious effects of salinity stress to maximize the production and nutritional quality of wheat. This review emphasizes and synthesizes the deleterious effects of salinity stress on wheat yield and quality along with highlighting the adaptation and mitigation strategies for sustainable wheat production to ensure food security of skyrocketing population...
Wheat genotypes were evaluated for their salt tolerance under water culture at early seedling stage, gravel culture at vegetative & maturity stage and under natural saline field condition at maturity. Ten newly developed wheat genotypes... more
Wheat genotypes were evaluated for their salt tolerance under water culture at early seedling stage, gravel culture at vegetative & maturity stage and under natural saline field condition at maturity. Ten newly developed wheat genotypes were included along with local check (LU-26s). The tested wheat genotypes were found more sensitive at vegetative and maturity than at early seedling stage. At early seedling stage 4 genotypes (NIA-AS-14-2, NIA-AS-14-5, NIA-AS-14-10 and LU-26s) fell into the tolerant category (i.e., STI > 50%) and one (NIA-AS-14-1) as sensitive (S) (STI < 30%). The response of wheat genotypes was bit different under gravel culture at maturity stage, where the genotypes LU-26s, NIA-AS-14-2 and NIA-AS14-8 performed well. The genotype LU-26s, NIA-AS-14-1, NIA-AS-14-2, NIA-AS-14-4, NIA-AS-14-7 and NIA-AS-14-8, showed better performance in all the parameters and categorized as tolerant (T). Least performance under gravel culture was observed by NIA-AS-14-6. The resu...
To explore morpho-physiological alteration in wheat for salinity tolerance, a glass house experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, (NIA) Tando Jam,... more
To explore morpho-physiological alteration in wheat for salinity tolerance, a glass house experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, (NIA) Tando Jam, Pakistan. Studies were conducted with two levels of salinity (Control, and 12 dS m -1 NaCl) and five wheat genotypes. Due to salinity stress morphological and yield attributes like plant height, total tillers, productive tillers, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain weight per plant were decreased in all wheat genotypes, however, wheat ESW-9525 showed significantly less reduction in all these parameters than other wheat genotypes. Biochemical attributes like proline glycine betaine and total soluble sugars were increased in all the genotypes due to salinity. Wheat geotype Bakhtawar maintained the highest Na while the minimum Na contents were found in ESW9525 that had the highest correlation wi...
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Increasing salinity is a major threat to crop growth and development while seed priming can effectively induce salt tolerance in plants. The present study examined the role of ascorbate priming (ascorbate; 50 mg L), hormonal priming... more
Increasing salinity is a major threat to crop growth and development while seed priming can effectively induce salt tolerance in plants. The present study examined the role of ascorbate priming (ascorbate; 50 mg L), hormonal priming (triacontanol and indole acetic acid; 25 and 100 μmol, respectively) and osmolyte priming (proline; 50 mM) in wheat seedling grown under NaCl based salinity (12 dS m) as well as normal (3 dS m) conditions. The results indicate that priming with triacontanol (TRIA) followed by ascorbate (AsA) priming alleviated the detrimental effects of salinity stress by reducing germination time accompanied by improved germination index and final germination. Enhanced seedling growth in terms of better root and shoot lengths, seedling fresh and dry biomass were recorded in primed seeds. Under both conditions, all priming treatments successfully improved physio-biochemical traits. Maximum chlorophyll, glycine betaine and potassium contents were recorded in seedlings obt...
Multivariate analysis has been rarely used for seedling traits characterization of Chinese basmati hybrids. Twenty-two seedling attributes of Basmati and coarse rice germplasm of China and Pakistan origin were analysed using multivariate... more
Multivariate analysis has been rarely used for seedling traits characterization of Chinese basmati hybrids. Twenty-two seedling attributes of Basmati and coarse rice germplasm of China and Pakistan origin were analysed using multivariate techniques of Single linkage analysis (SLCA) and Principle component analysis (PCA) and index score method (ISM). Variation among the seedling attributes were recorded by ISM regarding number of genotypes, formation of clusters and superimposition of genotypes in every cluster. Rice genotypes were possibly grouped in six clusters identified through ISM. Highest index scores 68 and 146 were allocated to genotypes of group-I and group-II on morphological basis of seedling attributes. However, the three PCs contributed 87.1 % of the variability among the genotypes and germination rate index, germination %, mean daily germination (MDG), shoot length and root length exhibited maximum positive response in PC1, PC2 and PC3 respectively. PCA ordination on a...
Background Sucking insect pests cause severe damage to cotton crop production. The development of insect resistant cotton cultivars is one of the most effective measures in curtailing the yield losses. Considering the role of... more
Background Sucking insect pests cause severe damage to cotton crop production. The development of insect resistant cotton cultivars is one of the most effective measures in curtailing the yield losses. Considering the role of morphological and biochemical host plant resistance (HPR) traits in plant defense, 12 cotton genotypes/varieties were evaluated for leaf area, leaf glanding, total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins, total phenolics, tannin and total flavonoids against fluctuating populations of whitefly, thrips and jassid under field conditions. Results The population of these insects fluctuated during the growing season and remained above threshold level (whitefly > 5, thrips > (8–10), or jassid > 1 per leaf) during late June and early July. Strong and negative association of whitefly (r = − 0.825) and jassid (r = − 0.929) with seed cotton yield was observed. Mean population of insects were the highest in Glandless-1 followed by NIA-82 and NIA-M30. NIAB-Kiran fol...
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Restriction in crop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and... more
Restriction in crop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order
to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat
variety “AARI-11” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological
attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mM) as seed priming and
foliar spray treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. Plant growth and grain yields were reduced
under drought. Two glucose treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) improved tillering and dry biomass as compared
to other treatments. Foliar sprayed-glucose treated plants showed increasing trends in grain yield under
drought. Physio-chemical attributes were also modulated by exogenously applied carbohydrates. Nitrate
reductase activity and total soluble proteins were increased with increase in sugar treatments under drought.
Osmotic and water potentials were reduced under drought but foliar glucose sprays of 10 mM and 50 mM
applied at reproductive phase significantly reversed the adverse effects of drought. Gas exchange characteristics
including CO2 concentration, transpiration and photosynthesis rates were raised by glucose treatments
under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Hence, drought tolerance was slightly induced by exogenous
glucose doses in terms of improved growth, yield and physiological traits.
to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat
variety “AARI-11” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological
attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mM) as seed priming and
foliar spray treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. Plant growth and grain yields were reduced
under drought. Two glucose treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) improved tillering and dry biomass as compared
to other treatments. Foliar sprayed-glucose treated plants showed increasing trends in grain yield under
drought. Physio-chemical attributes were also modulated by exogenously applied carbohydrates. Nitrate
reductase activity and total soluble proteins were increased with increase in sugar treatments under drought.
Osmotic and water potentials were reduced under drought but foliar glucose sprays of 10 mM and 50 mM
applied at reproductive phase significantly reversed the adverse effects of drought. Gas exchange characteristics
including CO2 concentration, transpiration and photosynthesis rates were raised by glucose treatments
under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Hence, drought tolerance was slightly induced by exogenous
glucose doses in terms of improved growth, yield and physiological traits.
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A research work was conducted to find out the chemical composition of Asparagus densiflorus sprengeri under the influence of different agro-climatic conditions of Punjab province, Pakistan. Experiment conducted with Complete Randomized... more
A research work was conducted to find out the chemical composition of Asparagus densiflorus sprengeri under the influence of different agro-climatic conditions of Punjab province, Pakistan. Experiment conducted with Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Triplicate samples of shoots and roots collected from various localities were analyzed for each treatment. Fresh plants of A. densiflorus sprengeri were collected from seven different sites of Punjab. Time of sampling is from March to April. After air drying, samples were analyzed for their Malondialdehyde (MDA), Ascorbic Acid (AsA) and Total Phenolic (TPhe). MDA, AsA and TPhe concentrations differed significantly (p<0.05) from locality to locality. As the contents of MDA concerned the maximum concentrations were recorded from the shoot (4.54 ± 0.027 mg g-1) and root (3.03 ± 0.307 mg g-1) of plants selected from University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF) and TT Singh respectively while the lowest from shoot (1.13 ± 0.165 mg g-1) and root (0.94 ± 0.120 mg g-1) collected from Multan and UAF respectively. The highest AsA concentrations of shoot (0.436 ± 0.0023 mg g-1) and root (0.424 ± 0.0035 mg g-1) were recorded from UAF and Govt. College University, Faisalabad (GCUF) respectively whereas minimum of AsA of shoot (0.206 ± 0.0008 mg g-1) and root (0.224 ± 0.0093 mg g-1) from TT Singh. The highest TPhe were present in the shoot (0.451 ± 0.019 mg g-1) and root (0.529 ± 0.019 mg g-1) of plants collected from UAF and Nursery (Faisalabad) respectively while minimum of shoot (0.165 ± 0.0065 mg g-1) and root (0.265 ± 0.012 mg g-1) from Multan and TT Singh respectively. On the basis of results obtained it can be concluded that environmental conditions significantly (p<0.05) influenced the chemical composition of A. densiflorus.
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As water deficit is the major constrained for agriculture crop production, germination potentials of twenty six wheat genotypes were assessed under various drought stress levels while six genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance... more
As water deficit is the major constrained for agriculture crop production, germination potentials of twenty six wheat genotypes were assessed under various drought stress levels while six genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance potential through growth and physiological studies at early seedling stage. The experimental layout was comprised of three drought treatments in completely randomized pattern with three replicates under controlled conditions. Drought stress was induced through polyethylene glycol-6000 solutions by maintaining three osmotic potentials (-0.5MPa,-0.75MPa and-1.0MPa) in water culture medium while 1/4 th Hoagland's solution with zero osmotic potential was applied as control. Germination rate, seedling's growth and photosynthesis were declined with increased levels of water deficiency. Seedling length, fresh and dry biomasses of root and shoot, and photosynthetic pigments executed more reduction at higher water deficit conditions. However, genotype TD-1 followed by ESW-9525 and IBWSN-1010 showed better performance with minimum reduction in seedling's length and biomasses at-0.75MPa and-1.0MPa osmotic stress. TD-1 exhibited least reduction (15.26%) in chlorophyll pigments and enhanced accumulation of K + ions at highest osmotic stress level. Maximum K + /Ca 2+ ratio was determined in ESW-9525 and TD-1 which is the tolerance trait. Hence, TD-1 and ESW-9525 have more drought stress tolerance capacity as compare to other genotypes.
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To appraise the potential role of foliar applied proline as an alternative shotgun approach to ameliorate the adverse effect of salinity on wheat, a pot experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions, two wheat... more
To appraise the potential role of foliar applied proline as an alternative shotgun approach to ameliorate the adverse effect of salinity on wheat, a pot experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions, two wheat genotypes; a salt tolerant strain ESW-9525 and a moderately tolerant cultivar kherman were used in this study. Factorial combination of treatments with three replications was arranged under completely randomized design. Seven days old wheat seedlings were exposed to various levels of salinity (0, 60 and 120 Mm NaCl) for one week and applied with foliar proline (0, 50 and 100 mM) one week later. Salinity stress caused a significant reduction in plant growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, as well as alterations in ionic balance. Foliar applied proline significantly improved root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, K + contents and K + : Na + ratio. Both genotypes varied considerably in endogenous level of proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), total soluble sugars (TSS) and total phenolic contents (TPC) in response to salinity and foliar proline as well. Foliar applied proline 50 mM and 100 mM were found as a stimulus for plant growth triggering the physiological and biochemical attributes, However, 100 mM proline was the most effective to ameliorate the toxic effects of salinity by improving root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a, b contents, TSS, Pro, GB, TPC and K+ contents and K/Na ratio in both genotypes. These findings confirmed the ability of foliar applied proline to stimulate the salt tolerance in wheat plants.
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Studies were conducted in green house to select suitable salt tolerant wheat genotypes on the basis of growth performance and carbon isotopes discrimination (CID) technique. Nine newly developed double haploids (DH) wheat genotypes were... more
Studies were conducted in green house to select suitable salt tolerant wheat genotypes on the basis of growth
performance and carbon isotopes discrimination (CID) technique. Nine newly developed double haploids (DH) wheat
genotypes were tested under gravel culture, along with salt tolerant (LU-26s) and high yielding (Sarsabz) checks. The crop
was irrigated by non-saline (control) and saline (12dS/m) water and raised up to maturity, growth parameters (i.e. plant
height, plant biomass, productive tillers, spike length, number of spiklets/spike, number of grains / spike, grain weight/ spike
and grain yield/ 15 plants) were recorded after harvesting. Plant samples (straw) were collected and were analyzed for
carbon isotopic ratio (C12/ C13) from IAEA laboratories Vienna Austria. The data showed that there was significant decrease
in all the growth parameters due to salinity. On the basis of performance in different growth parameters it was found that
wheat genotypes V3-DH, V9-DH, V10-DH, V13-DH, and LU-26s had good response at 12dSm-1, thus can be categorized as
better performing genotypes. Studies on carbon isotopes discrimination (CID) showed a decreasing trend under salinity.
Mean CID values were 20.86 and 17.49‰ under two environments (non saline and saline, respectively), showing an overall
19% decrease under salinity. Generally the wheat genotypes having higher grain yield also had high carbon isotopes
discrimination (CID). The relationship between grain yield and CID (Δ) was positive (R2 = 0.695). The genotypes V10-DH,
V13-DH with lower decrease in CID (i.e. 1.2 & 11.0%, respectively), also had high grain yield under salinity. Therefore the
studies suggest that we can include CID technique as one of the selection criteria for salt tolerance.
performance and carbon isotopes discrimination (CID) technique. Nine newly developed double haploids (DH) wheat
genotypes were tested under gravel culture, along with salt tolerant (LU-26s) and high yielding (Sarsabz) checks. The crop
was irrigated by non-saline (control) and saline (12dS/m) water and raised up to maturity, growth parameters (i.e. plant
height, plant biomass, productive tillers, spike length, number of spiklets/spike, number of grains / spike, grain weight/ spike
and grain yield/ 15 plants) were recorded after harvesting. Plant samples (straw) were collected and were analyzed for
carbon isotopic ratio (C12/ C13) from IAEA laboratories Vienna Austria. The data showed that there was significant decrease
in all the growth parameters due to salinity. On the basis of performance in different growth parameters it was found that
wheat genotypes V3-DH, V9-DH, V10-DH, V13-DH, and LU-26s had good response at 12dSm-1, thus can be categorized as
better performing genotypes. Studies on carbon isotopes discrimination (CID) showed a decreasing trend under salinity.
Mean CID values were 20.86 and 17.49‰ under two environments (non saline and saline, respectively), showing an overall
19% decrease under salinity. Generally the wheat genotypes having higher grain yield also had high carbon isotopes
discrimination (CID). The relationship between grain yield and CID (Δ) was positive (R2 = 0.695). The genotypes V10-DH,
V13-DH with lower decrease in CID (i.e. 1.2 & 11.0%, respectively), also had high grain yield under salinity. Therefore the
studies suggest that we can include CID technique as one of the selection criteria for salt tolerance.
To explore morpho-physiological alteration in wheat for salinity tolerance, a glass house experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, (NIA) Tando Jam,... more
To explore morpho-physiological alteration in wheat for salinity tolerance, a glass house experiment was laid out in
randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, (NIA) Tando Jam,
Pakistan. Studies were conducted with two levels of salinity (Control, and 12 dS m-1 NaCl) and five wheat genotypes. Due
to salinity stress morphological and yield attributes like plant height, total tillers, productive tillers, spike length, number of
spikelets per spike, number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain weight per plant were decreased in all wheat
genotypes, however, wheat ESW-9525 showed significantly less reduction in all these parameters than other wheat
genotypes. Biochemical attributes like proline glycine betaine and total soluble sugars were increased in all the genotypes
due to salinity. Wheat geotype Bakhtawar maintained the highest Na while the minimum Na contents were found in ESW-
9525 that had the highest correlation with grain yield. The tolerant and stable cultivars were ESW-9525 and Sarsabz which
had highest yield at 12 dS m-1 salinity than other cultivars.
randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, (NIA) Tando Jam,
Pakistan. Studies were conducted with two levels of salinity (Control, and 12 dS m-1 NaCl) and five wheat genotypes. Due
to salinity stress morphological and yield attributes like plant height, total tillers, productive tillers, spike length, number of
spikelets per spike, number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain weight per plant were decreased in all wheat
genotypes, however, wheat ESW-9525 showed significantly less reduction in all these parameters than other wheat
genotypes. Biochemical attributes like proline glycine betaine and total soluble sugars were increased in all the genotypes
due to salinity. Wheat geotype Bakhtawar maintained the highest Na while the minimum Na contents were found in ESW-
9525 that had the highest correlation with grain yield. The tolerant and stable cultivars were ESW-9525 and Sarsabz which
had highest yield at 12 dS m-1 salinity than other cultivars.
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Plant growth regulators are naturally biosynthesized chemicals in plants that influence physiological processes. Their synthetic analogous trigger numerous biochemical and physiological processes involved in the growth and development of... more
Plant growth regulators are naturally biosynthesized chemicals in plants that influence physiological processes. Their synthetic analogous trigger numerous biochemical and physiological processes involved in the growth and development of plants. Nowadays, due to changing climatic scenario, numerous biotic and abiotic stresses hamper seed germination, seedling growth, and plant development leading to a decline in biological and economic yields. However, plant growth regulators (PGRs) can potentially play a fundamental role in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses and hence, contribute to plant adaptation under adverse environments. The major effects of abiotic stresses are growth and yield disturbance, and both these effects are directly overseen by the PGRs. Different types of PGRs such as abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonates (JAs) are connected to boosting the response of plants to multiple stresses. In contrast, PGRs including cy...
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Potential role of triacontanol applied as a foliar treatment to ameliorate the adverse effects of salinity on hot pepper plants was evaluated. In this pot experiment, hot pepper plants under 75 mM NaCl stress environment were subjected to... more
Potential role of triacontanol applied as a foliar treatment to ameliorate the adverse effects of salinity on hot pepper plants was evaluated. In this pot experiment, hot pepper plants under 75 mM NaCl stress environment were subjected to foliar application of 25, 50, and 75 µM triacontanol treatments; whereas, untreated plants were taken as control. Salt stress had a significant impact on morphological characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, MDA content, antioxidants activities, electrolytes leakage, vitamin C, soluble protein, and proline contents. All triacontanol treatments significantly mitigated the adversative effects of salinity on hot pepper plants; however, foliar application triacontanol at 75 µM had considerably improved the growth of hot pepper plants in terms of plant height, shoot length, leaf area, plant fresh/dry biomasses by modulating above mentioned physio-biochemical traits. While, improvement in gas exchange properties, chlorophyll, c...
A research work was conducted to find out the chemical composition of Asparagus densiflorus sprengeri under the influence of different agro-climatic conditions of Punjab province, Pakistan. Experiment conducted with Complete Randomized... more
A research work was conducted to find out the chemical composition of Asparagus densiflorus sprengeri under the influence of different agro-climatic conditions of Punjab province, Pakistan. Experiment conducted with Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Triplicate samples of shoots and roots collected from various localities were analyzed for each treatment. Fresh plants of A. densiflorus sprengeri were collected from seven different sites of Punjab. Time of sampling is from March to April. After air drying, samples were analyzed for their Malondialdehyde (MDA), Ascorbic Acid (AsA) and Total Phenolic (TPhe). MDA, AsA and TPhe concentrations differed significantly (p<0.05) from locality to locality. As the contents of MDA concerned the maximum concentrations were recorded from the shoot (4.54 ± 0.027 mg g-1) and root (3.03 ± 0.307 mg g-1) of plants selected from University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF) and TT Singh respectively while the lowest from shoot (1.13 ± 0.165 mg g-1) and root (0.94 ± 0.120 mg g-1) collected from Multan and UAF respectively. The highest AsA concentrations of shoot (0.436 ± 0.0023 mg g-1) and root (0.424 ± 0.0035 mg g-1) were recorded from UAF and Govt. College University, Faisalabad (GCUF) respectively whereas minimum of AsA of shoot (0.206 ± 0.0008 mg g-1) and root (0.224 ± 0.0093 mg g-1) from TT Singh. The highest TPhe were present in the shoot (0.451 ± 0.019 mg g-1) and root (0.529 ± 0.019 mg g-1) of plants collected from UAF and Nursery (Faisalabad) respectively while minimum of shoot (0.165 ± 0.0065 mg g-1) and root (0.265 ± 0.012 mg g-1) from Multan and TT Singh respectively. On the basis of results obtained it can be concluded that environmental conditions significantly (p<0.05) influenced the chemical composition of A. densiflorus.
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Restriction in crop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and... more
Restriction in crop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mM) as seed priming and foliar spray treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. Plant growth and grain yields were reduced under drought. Two glucose treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) improved tillering and dry biomass as compared to other treatments. Foliar sprayed-glucose treated plants showed increasing trends in grain yield under drought. Physio-chemical attributes were also modulated by exogenously applied carbohydrates. Nitrate reductase activity and total soluble proteins were increased with increase in sugar treatments under drought. Osmotic and water potentials were reduced under drought but foliar glucose sprays of 10 mM and 50 mM applied at reproductive phase significantly reversed the adverse effects of drought. Gas exchange characteristics including CO2 concentration, transpiration and photosynthesis rates were raised by glucose treatments under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Hence, drought tolerance was slightly induced by exogenous glucose doses in terms of improved growth, yield and physiological traits.
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ABSTRACT
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High soil temperature and low water potential is one of major impediment of reduced and delayed germination of spring maize under delayed planting. Seed priming helps to ameliorate the seedling establishment under both normal and less... more
High soil temperature and low water potential is one of major impediment of reduced and delayed germination of spring maize
under delayed planting. Seed priming helps to ameliorate the seedling establishment under both normal and less than optimal
conditions but very few studies available highlight maize crop establishment improvement by seed priming on physiological
basis under field conditions. The present field study evaluated the effects of various seed priming techniques on stand
establishment, growth, yield and various physiological attributes of spring maize under normal and late sown conditions. The
hybrid maize seed soaked with hydro-priming (water), osmopriming with CaCl2 (Ψs= -1.25 MPa), moringa leaf extract (MLE;
1:30) and salicylic acid (SA; 50 mg L-1) were grown under two sowing dates (optimum and late conditions). Hydro-priming
and dry seeds without priming were taken as controls. Among priming treatments, osmopriming with CaCl2 reduced the time
to 50% emergence (E50), mean emergence time (MET), enhanced number of grains per cob, biological yield and improved
relative water contents with reduced cell membrane permeability including grain protein contents. Osmopriming with moringa
leaf extract (MLE) improved emergence time (EI), Chl a and b contents, grain yield and harvest index (HI) including
hormonal priming with SA for maximum HI. Nevertheless, hydro-primed seeds exhibited the minimum days to maturity. The
present study suggests that seed osmopriming with MLE and CaCl2 are effective not only to improve seedling establishment
but also yield performance of spring maize through physiological improvement under both optimal and late sown conditions.
under delayed planting. Seed priming helps to ameliorate the seedling establishment under both normal and less than optimal
conditions but very few studies available highlight maize crop establishment improvement by seed priming on physiological
basis under field conditions. The present field study evaluated the effects of various seed priming techniques on stand
establishment, growth, yield and various physiological attributes of spring maize under normal and late sown conditions. The
hybrid maize seed soaked with hydro-priming (water), osmopriming with CaCl2 (Ψs= -1.25 MPa), moringa leaf extract (MLE;
1:30) and salicylic acid (SA; 50 mg L-1) were grown under two sowing dates (optimum and late conditions). Hydro-priming
and dry seeds without priming were taken as controls. Among priming treatments, osmopriming with CaCl2 reduced the time
to 50% emergence (E50), mean emergence time (MET), enhanced number of grains per cob, biological yield and improved
relative water contents with reduced cell membrane permeability including grain protein contents. Osmopriming with moringa
leaf extract (MLE) improved emergence time (EI), Chl a and b contents, grain yield and harvest index (HI) including
hormonal priming with SA for maximum HI. Nevertheless, hydro-primed seeds exhibited the minimum days to maturity. The
present study suggests that seed osmopriming with MLE and CaCl2 are effective not only to improve seedling establishment
but also yield performance of spring maize through physiological improvement under both optimal and late sown conditions.