Polyploids are desired to produce seedless fruits in watermelon. In vitro techniques pave way towards production of tetraploids by culturing explants on media containing colchicine. Cotyledon, embryonic end of seed, epicotyl and hypocotyl... more
Polyploids are desired to produce seedless fruits in watermelon. In vitro techniques pave way towards production of tetraploids by culturing explants on media containing colchicine. Cotyledon, embryonic end of seed, epicotyl and hypocotyl explants were cultured on MS ...
Different plants are rich source of medicines. Since old days, Ayurveda and other disciplines reported the various pharmacological properties of naturally occurring plants against certain specific diseases. Currently, increasing health... more
Different plants are rich source of medicines. Since old days, Ayurveda and other disciplines reported the various pharmacological properties of naturally occurring plants against certain specific diseases. Currently, increasing health concern urged the researchers to revitalize the natural products and to alleviate the diseases without harming the body. In spite of medicinal uses of natural products, health supplements from natural products and their use in diet are gaining importance. Several bioactive constituents in natural products have the ability to protect from degenerative diseases and free radical production. The objective of this review is to unveil the phytochemistry, nutritional profile and pharmacologically active constituents of Morus alba L. The bioactive constituents isolated from M. alba such as leachianone and kuwanon G showed antibacterial activities and 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) showed α-glycosidase inhibitors activity. Likewise, M. alba extract and its other com...
This study examined the influence of preharvest elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (850 ± 50 ppm) on the fruit growth, total soluble solids (TSS), fructose, glucose, sucrose, soluble and cell wall-bound acid invertase (AI)... more
This study examined the influence of preharvest elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (850 ± 50 ppm) on the fruit growth, total soluble solids (TSS), fructose, glucose, sucrose, soluble and cell wall-bound acid invertase (AI) (ß-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, EC 3. 2. 1. 26), sucrose synthase (SuSy) (UDP glucose: D-fructose 2 -glucosyltransferase, EC 2. 4. 1. 13) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) (UDP glucose: D-fructose-6 -phosphate 2 -glucosyltransferase, EC 2. 4. 1. 14) activities of domesticated tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. 'Lady First', 'Momotaro' & 'Minicarol') during fruit development. Tomato plants grown in CO2-enriched conditions accumulated more carbohydrates in their fruit and exhibited significantly larger fruits compared to the control (350 ± 50 ppm). The CO2-enriched tomato fruit contained significantly higher concentrations of TSS, fructose and glucose during development. The amount of reducing sugars increased at th...
Deficit irrigation (DI) is an optimization strategy that allows water stress to some extent during certain cropping stages or for the whole season without a significant reduction in yield. A greenhouse experiment was conducted during the... more
Deficit irrigation (DI) is an optimization strategy that allows water stress to some extent during certain cropping stages or for the whole season without a significant reduction in yield. A greenhouse experiment was conducted during the growing seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 to study the effect of water quality and DI on growth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato at different growth stages. Two different water qualities (saline and non-saline water with electrical conductivities (EC) 3.6 and 0.9 dSm-1, respectively) nine DI treatments and three irrigation treatments (100, 75 and 50% of Etc) were investigated in the experiment. Furthermore, DI at 75% and 50% of ETc during vegetative, reproductive, and fruiting stage were adopted. The result indicated that in general the irrigation with saline water decreased tomato fruits yield and WUE. Moreover, the negative effect of DI was more obvious when coupled with salt stress. Irrigation with saline water resulted in 22% and...
BACKGROUND: In spite of its indusrial usefulness and varied daily uses, lead (Pb) pollution is a widespread ecological problem that faces the humans in the 21th century. Pb was found to produces a wide range of toxic effects including... more
BACKGROUND: In spite of its indusrial usefulness and varied daily uses, lead (Pb) pollution is a widespread ecological problem that faces the humans in the 21th century. Pb was found to produces a wide range of toxic effects including neurotoxicity especially to the developing and young offspring. Recently, the utilization of herbal plants has received a significant attention where there has been rising awareness in their therapeutic use; among these is the garlic. AIM OF THE WORK: In light of the above, the current study is designed experimentally in female pregnant rats in order to investigate the beneficial role of garlic extract in the protection from the maternal and fetal cerebellar damage that produced by administration of different doses of Pb during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Positively pregnant female rats were divided into five groups; one control group, two Pb-treated groups (exposed to 160 and 320 mg/kg b.wt. of Pb, respectively) and two groups treated with both Pb and garlic (exposed to Pb as previous groups together with 250 mg/ kg b.wt. /day of garlic extract). Treatments started from day 1 till day 20 of pregnancy, where the mother rats of different experimental groups were sacrified to obtain the fetuses. Pb level in the maternal nd fetal blood and cerebellum was estimated by spectrophotometry. Specimens of the cerebellum of different mother and fetal groups were processed to histological and immunohistochemical staining for microscopic examination. RESULTS: The results showed that administration of Pb to pregnant rats resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity for both mothers and fetuses in the form of decrease of maternal weight gain, placental and fetal weights, brain weight and diminished fetal growth parameters, which were prominent in rat's group treated with larger dose of Pb. In Pb-treated rats, Pb level in blood and cerebellum was high when compared to the control. The histopathological examination of the cerebellum of treated dams and fetuses showed marked alterations mainly in the form of Purkinje cell degeneration and lack of deveopmet of fetal cerebellum. Co-treatment of garlic extract along with Pb resulted in a significant decrease in Pb levels as compared with those treated with Pb alone with improvement of the histopathological changes. CONCLUSIONS: This study was useful in evaluating the hazardous effects of uncontrolled use of Pb in general and in assessing the developmental and neurotoxicity of fetuses due to exposure during pregnancy in particular. Co-administration of garlic has beneficial effects in amelioration of Pb-induced neurotoxicity and reversing the histopathological changes of the cerebellum of mother rats and fetuses. KEYWORDS: garlic; glial fibrillary acidic protein; lead; purkinje cells
(English) The study examined mutagenic effects of 0.001-0.005 M NaN3 with or without BAP or TDZ in MS medium on M1 generation of four pea cultivars Winner, Sprinter, Bolero and Karina. LD50 results showed that 0.001 M NaN3 was most... more
(English) The study examined mutagenic effects of 0.001-0.005 M NaN3 with or without BAP or TDZ in MS medium on M1 generation of four pea cultivars Winner, Sprinter, Bolero and Karina. LD50 results showed that 0.001 M NaN3 was most appropriate for the creation of mutagenesis and was not highly lethal. Seeds treated with 0.001 M NaN3 grown on MS medium containing various concentrations of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) showed that BAP with NaN3 was better compared to TDZ with NaN3. ...
Soil physical properties play an important role in vegetation growth on rangelands as a result of the effects they have on the development of root systems. The goal of this research was to investigate the trampling effect of livestock... more
Soil physical properties play an important role in vegetation growth on rangelands as a result of the effects they have on the development of root systems. The goal of this research was to investigate the trampling effect of livestock grazing on soil physical properties (moisture, bulk density, infiltration rate and mechanical resistance) and vegetation cover. The experiment was conducted on three rangeland condition areas - the reference area, a moderately grazed area and a heavily grazed area - in the Lar rangelands (84 km northeast of Tehran) during the grazing season of 2000 and 2001. Soil moisture was reduced from both the reference area and the heavily grazed area throughout the grazing season to depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm. Soil bulk density increased during the grazing season, being lowest in the reference area and highest in the heavily grazed area. Throughout the grazing season, bulk density was higher in the top soil layer (0-15 cm) compared to underlying layer (15-30 cm)...
Salinity is a major abiotic constraint to sustainable crop production. Seed priming is a useful tool to enhance the performance of crops on saline soils. A field study was carried out to explore the potential of priming to improve salt... more
Salinity is a major abiotic constraint to sustainable crop production. Seed priming is a useful tool to enhance the performance of crops on saline soils. A field study was carried out to explore the potential of priming to improve salt tolerance in wheat cultivars MH-97 and SARC-1. Seeds were primed in distilled water (hydropriming) and aqueous solutions containing 50 mg L -1 of salicylic acid (SA), kinetin (Kin), ascorbate and 50 mM calcium chloride (CaCl 2) for 12 h. After priming, seeds were sown in normal (0.31 dS m -1) and saline (10 dS m -1) fields. Seed priming with ascorbate, SA and Kin effectively alleviated the salinity-induced damage in both wheat cultivars; however, ascorbate priming was the most effective. Seed priming with SA, Kin and ascorbate significantly decreased the uptake of Na + and Cl -and enhanced the uptake of K + in leaves of both cultivars under salinity stress. These results suggest that priming with seed priming with ascorbate, SA and Kin are effective s...
A lysimeter study was conducted to assess the impact of some crop rotations and gypsum on amelioration of a calcareous saline-sodic soil (pHs = 8.4, ECe = 8.6 dS m-1, SAR = 37.7, CaCO3 = 81.1 g kg-1) irrigated with marginal-quality water... more
A lysimeter study was conducted to assess the impact of some crop rotations and gypsum on amelioration of a calcareous saline-sodic soil (pHs = 8.4, ECe = 8.6 dS m-1, SAR = 37.7, CaCO3 = 81.1 g kg-1) irrigated with marginal-quality water (EC = 1.0 dS m-1, SAR = 4.2, RSC = ...
Three commercial cultivars of mango ie 'Anwar Rataul', 'Dasehari' and 'Langra' were studied for panicle initiation time, total number of flowers and proportion of male to hermaphrodite flowers. Early panicle... more
Three commercial cultivars of mango ie 'Anwar Rataul', 'Dasehari' and 'Langra' were studied for panicle initiation time, total number of flowers and proportion of male to hermaphrodite flowers. Early panicle initiation was observed in 'dasehari' on eastern side of the plant ...
Crop growth and development is imperative to study the plant behaviour under a set of environmental conditions. Genotypes may respond differently under same conditions according to their genetic makeup, photosynthesis and assimilation... more
Crop growth and development is imperative to study the plant behaviour under a set of environmental conditions. Genotypes may respond differently under same conditions according to their genetic makeup, photosynthesis and assimilation potential. Growth and development of safflower genotypes was studied through field experiments executed at PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. Eight safflower genotypes Thori-78, SAF-30, SAF-31, SAF-32, Leed-00, SAF-128, SAF-129 and SAF-130 were evaluated for growth analysis viz. leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate carried out at 21 days interval after germination till maturity during both years. Significant differences were observed for the growth attributes among genotypes at different sampling intervals. LAI, CGR and NAR followed sigmoid pattern consistently increasing at the start of observation, attaining peaks and decreased thereafter till maturity. The decline in growth...
Compost tea is gaining importance as an alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The microbial population in the compost tea contributes toward its effectiveness. An attempt was made to enhance the biological activity of... more
Compost tea is gaining importance as an alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The microbial population in the compost tea contributes toward its effectiveness. An attempt was made to enhance the biological activity of compost tea by fortification with microbial substrates. Humic acid and yeast extract (4:7 w/w 100 g-1 compost) when used as microbial starter during brewing of compost tea significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) enhanced the microbial population. There was a ten to hundred fold percentage increase for total bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes compared to control. The stability of microbial enriched compost tea was maintained up to four months of storage based on significantly higher number of viable cell counts when compared to compost tea without substrates (control). The viable microbial cell counts over a storage period of six months was 8.5x10(9), 4.6x10(6), 3.5x10(4), 3.9x10(4), 1.4x10(5), 4.8x10(4) and 7.3x10(5) for other bacteria.
CHERUTH ABDUL JALEEL 1, PARAMASIVAM MANIVANNAN, ABDUL WAHID, MUHAMMAD FAROOQ¶, HAMEED JASIM AL-JUBURI, RAMAMURTHY SOMASUNDARAM AND RAJARAM PANNEERSELVAM DMJM International (Cansult Maunsell/Aecom Ltd.), Consultant of ...
The Indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) family Lacciferidae (Kerriidae) and order Hemiptera is economically important insect exploited commercially for lac, a resin refined into shellac and other products. Natural scarlet dye obtained... more
The Indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) family Lacciferidae (Kerriidae) and order Hemiptera is economically important insect exploited commercially for lac, a resin refined into shellac and other products. Natural scarlet dye obtained after purification is used as colouring agent. Its natural infestation was observed for the first time on Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce in natural environment of Uttar Pradesh in Civil Lines (Lat.: 25.45678704, Long.: 81.83745539), Prayagraj. Natural infestation has also been observed on Calliandra surinamensis Benth. at Lajpat Rai Road (Lat.: 25.45678704, Long.: 81.83745539)and Ficus carica L. at Thornhill Road (Lat.: 25.45875352, Long.: 81.83767319) in the Prayagraj division of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Prosopis cineraria and Calliandra surinamensis is considered as plant having less commercial value but occurrence of lac on this plant in eastern Uttar Pradesh can be boon and a hope for economy of the region in near future and its commercial use is viable subsidiary occupation to agriculture. During study fairly good density of insect has been witnessed in Prayagraj district of eastern Uttar Pradesh indicative of better survivability of insect in the region for commercial exploitation.
One of the major issues facing humankind is global food security. A changing climate, coupled with a heightened consumer awareness of how food is produced and legislative changes governing the usage of agrichemicals for improving plant... more
One of the major issues facing humankind is global food security. A changing climate, coupled with a heightened consumer awareness of how food is produced and legislative changes governing the usage of agrichemicals for improving plant health and yield, means that alternative, more integrated and sustainable approaches are needed for crop management practices. To this end, there is increasing recognition of the value of the role of microbial inoculants in agriculture. The focus of this review is to understand how plant-growth-promoting bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can play a part in improving crop yield by promoting the health status of the plant through the sequestration of various nutrients and in the control of plant diseases.
IT WILL WORK ANYWHERE TO TRANSFORM ALL AGRICULTURAL LANDS INTO ORGANIC VIA ALCHEMICAL TRANSMUTATION OF THE POISONOUS AG ADDITIVES FROM MONSANTO AND THE LIKE. FUNNY ALL OF THE YEARS OF WORK THAT THEY HAVE DONE CAN BE CANCELED IN A FEW... more
IT WILL WORK ANYWHERE TO TRANSFORM ALL AGRICULTURAL LANDS INTO ORGANIC VIA ALCHEMICAL TRANSMUTATION OF THE POISONOUS AG ADDITIVES FROM MONSANTO AND THE LIKE. FUNNY ALL OF THE YEARS OF WORK THAT THEY HAVE DONE CAN BE CANCELED IN A FEW MONTHS VIA SPREADING THIS TECH WORLDWIDE.
Collection of dwidling gernplasm resources, study of their morpho-physiological and genetic variation, utilization in hybridization, mutation breeding and anther culture programs were undertaken to establish a wide genetic and... more
Collection of dwidling gernplasm resources, study of their
morpho-physiological and genetic variation, utilization in
hybridization, mutation breeding and anther culture programs
were undertaken to establish a wide genetic and infra-structural base for sesame (Sesarnum indicum L.) improvement. Over 1400 exotic and 35 Iocal germplasm accessions collected from different regions represent the second largest qenetic collection in Sri Lanka after rice, and one of the largest genetic collections of sesame in the world encompassing accessions with useful agronomic characters such as dctrminate growth, indehiscent capsules, short maturation period, low seed shattering and reaction to day length, pest, disease and drought resistance etc. New genetic characters that could solve cultivation and processing problems such as disease resistance, photo period insensitivity, easy dehulling, low shattering have been combined with high yielding adapted cultivars through mutation induction and cross breeding. Crosses with high heterosis
and cmbining ability have been identified. Natural cross
pollination in sesame under field conditions in Sri Lanka was found to be relatively high (4-5.1%). Possibility of reducing
contamination by sampling seeds from lower capsules of early flowering varieties and upper capsules of late-flowering varieties has been shown. Possibility of overcoming narrow adaptation of
pure lines due to genotype-environment interaction by using multilines has been demonstratpd. Initial work in the development of a protocol for using doubled haploid technology for increasing the efficiency of sesame breeding was undertaken and high rates of callus induction was achieved.
ISSN 2519-4194 Матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «ІННОВАЦІЙНІ РОЗРОБКИ В АГРАРНІЙ СФЕРІ». – Харків: ХНТУСГ, 2017. – 175 с. Із надісланих матеріалів оргкомітетом до друку рекомендовані тези 157 доповідей від 160... more
ISSN 2519-4194
Матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «ІННОВАЦІЙНІ РОЗРОБКИ В АГРАРНІЙ СФЕРІ». – Харків: ХНТУСГ, 2017. – 175 с.
Із надісланих матеріалів оргкомітетом до друку рекомендовані тези 157 доповідей від 160 авторів із 12 установ та організацій України.
Mango mealy bug and fruit fly are serious pests of mango and are difficult to control by insecticides. Testing several treatments developed an IPM strategy. The sticky bands along with burning and burying treatments significantly reduced... more
Mango mealy bug and fruit fly are serious pests of mango and are difficult to control by insecticides. Testing several treatments developed an IPM strategy. The sticky bands along with burning and burying treatments significantly reduced the incidence of infestation by ...
Global food security is vulnerable due to massive growth of the human population, changes in global climate, the emergence of novel/more virulent pathogens, and demands from increasingly discerning consumers for chemical-free, sustainably... more
Global food security is vulnerable due to massive growth of the human population, changes in global climate, the emergence of novel/more virulent pathogens, and demands from increasingly discerning consumers for chemical-free, sustainably produced food products. Bacterium- based biological control agents (BCAs), if used as part of an integrated management system, may satisfy the above demands. We focus on the advantages, limitations, problems, and challenges involved in such strategies.
Overcoming hunger and meeting the nutritional needs of almost 7 billion people, rising to over 9 billion people by 2050, is a central challenge for this generation. Equally critical will be to achieve this in a way that keeps humanity’s... more
Overcoming hunger and meeting the nutritional needs of almost 7 billion people, rising to over 9 billion people by 2050, is a central challenge for this generation. Equally critical will be to achieve this in a way that keeps humanity’s footprint within planetary boundaries. Water scarcity is self-evidently one of the key factors that will limit food production. This is especially
the case in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where malnutrition and food insecurity are already widespread. In these areas, the livelihoods and well-being of poor communities are critically dependent on their farm produce and the ecosystem services from the local landscape that support their livelihoods and income.
This synthesis and background document on Ecosystems for Water and Food Security is part of UNEP’s contribution to the global food crisis, pledged to the United Nations Secretary-General and developed in collaboration with the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and other partners. Together, we identified and explored the links between ecosystems, water and food, and illustrate how resilient ecosystems can support and increase food security. It is clear that enormous opportunities exist to increase food production in ways that make optimal and sustainable use of water and other resources. This means that we can feed a global population
without massive and irreversible damage to our ecosystems. It also means that ensuring food security, managing water resources and protecting ecosystems must be considered as a single policy rather than as separate, and sometimes competing, choices.
To cite this paper: Hussain, M., FM Azhar and AA Khan, 2008. Genetic basis of variation in leaf area, petiole length and seed cotton yield in some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) genotypes. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 10: 7058 ... Genetic Basis of... more
To cite this paper: Hussain, M., FM Azhar and AA Khan, 2008. Genetic basis of variation in leaf area, petiole length and seed cotton yield in some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) genotypes. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 10: 7058 ... Genetic Basis of Variation in Leaf Area, Petiole Length and ...
Rapid micropropagation through direct regeneration and organogenesis of Agapanthus praecox ssp. minimus was established from bulb explants. The effect of various auxins and cytokinins on shoot formation and root induction was studied. The... more
Rapid micropropagation through direct regeneration and organogenesis of Agapanthus praecox ssp. minimus was established from bulb explants. The effect of various auxins and cytokinins on shoot formation and root induction was studied. The influence of acclimatization treatments such as growth substrates, initial plantlet morphology (prior to acclimatization) and regeneration pathways on growth performance of the plantlets following field transfer was also elucidated. It was found that regeneration of complete plantlets could be achieved after as early as 4 weeks of culture and MS (Murashige and Skoog) media supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 2.0 mg L-1 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin) was optimum for shoot formation from bulb explants. Induction of rooting was best achieved on MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 IBA and 1.0 mg L-1 Kinetin. Callus was readily induced from leaf explants than root explants, although both explant types lacked direct organogene...
Fishes usually have low levels of acid secretion in the gut as compared to mammals. Inclusion of organic acids in their diet reduces the pH in the gut. This lowering of pH increases the phytate hydrolysis, kills the pathogens, decreases... more
Fishes usually have low levels of acid secretion in the gut as compared to mammals. Inclusion of organic acids in their diet reduces the pH in the gut. This lowering of pH increases the phytate hydrolysis, kills the pathogens, decreases the rate of gastric emptying and improves mineralization and nutrient absorption. Among the organic acids, citric acid (CA) has been used extensively for diet acidification due to its unique flavor and high buffering capacity. It has great potential to replace fish meal (up to 70%) with plant based protein sources. Being a strong chelator of calcium and phosphorus, CA enhances the phytate hydrolysis. It improves the bioavailability of minerals by solubilizing the bones and competing with other chelators. It also increases the endogenous as well as exogenous phytases efficiency by providing an optimum pH in gut. Besides, it acts as antimicrobial agent and stimulates feeding in fish. Purpose of this review is to appraise the applications of citric acid...
