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Research Interests: Psychology and Neglect
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Research Interests: Psychology and Perception
Research Interests: Aphasia and Linguistics
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Now welcome, the most inspiring book today from a very professional writer in the world, language acquisition and language breakdown parallels and divergencies. This is the book that many people in the world waiting for to publish. After... more
Now welcome, the most inspiring book today from a very professional writer in the world, language acquisition and language breakdown parallels and divergencies. This is the book that many people in the world waiting for to publish. After the announced of this book, the book lovers are really curious to see how this book is actually. Are you one of them? That's very proper. You may not be regret now to seek for this book to read.
Research Interests: Psychology and Parallels
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Visual object recognition is impaired when stimuli are shown upside-down. This phenomenon is known as the inversion effect, and a substantial body of evidence suggests it is much larger for faces than non-face objects. The large inversion... more
Visual object recognition is impaired when stimuli are shown upside-down. This phenomenon is known as the inversion effect, and a substantial body of evidence suggests it is much larger for faces than non-face objects. The large inversion effect for faces has been widely used as key evidence that face processing is special, and hundreds of studies have used it as a tool to investigate face-specific processes. Here we show that large inversion effects are not specific to faces. We developed two car tasks that tap basic object recognition and within-class recognition. Both car tasks generated large inversion effects (~25% on a three-choice format), which were identical to those produced by parallel face tasks. Additional analyses showed that the large car inversion effects did not vary with expertise. Our findings demonstrate that non-face object recognition can depend on processes that are highly orientation-specific, challenging a critical behavioral marker of face-specific processes.
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In human occipitotemporal cortex, brain responses to depicted inanimate objects have a large-scale organization by real-world object size. Critically, the size of objects in the world is systematically related to behaviorally-relevant... more
In human occipitotemporal cortex, brain responses to depicted inanimate objects have a large-scale organization by real-world object size. Critically, the size of objects in the world is systematically related to behaviorally-relevant properties: small objects are often grasped and manipulated (e.g., forks), while large objects tend to be less motor-relevant (e.g., tables), though this relationship does not always have to be true (e.g., picture frames and wheelbarrows). To determine how these two dimensions interact, we measured brain activity with functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants viewed a stimulus set of small and large objects with either low or high motor-relevance. The results revealed that the size organization was evident for objects with both low and high motor-relevance; further, a motor-relevance map was also evident across both large and small objects. Targeted contrasts revealed that typical combinations (small motor-relevant vs. large non-motor-relevant) yielded more robust topographies than the atypical covariance contrast (small non-motor-relevant vs. large motor-relevant). In subsequent exploratory analyses, a factor analysis revealed that the construct of motor-relevance was better explained by two underlying factors: one more related to manipulability, and the other to whether an object moves or is stable. The factor related to manipulability better explained responses in lateral small-object preferring regions, while the factor related to object stability (lack of movement) better explained responses in ventromedial large-object preferring regions. Taken together, these results reveal that the structure of neural responses to objects of different sizes further reflect behavior-relevant properties of manipulability and stability, and contribute to a deeper understanding of some of the factors that help the large-scale organization of object representation in high-level visual cortex.
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ABSTRACTObserving others’ actions recruits frontoparietal and posterior temporal brain regions – also called the action observation network. It is typically assumed that these regions support recognizing actions of animate entities (e.g.,... more
ABSTRACTObserving others’ actions recruits frontoparietal and posterior temporal brain regions – also called the action observation network. It is typically assumed that these regions support recognizing actions of animate entities (e.g., person jumping over a box). However, objects can also participate in events with rich meaning and structure (e.g., ball bouncing over a box). So far, it has not been clarified which brain regions encode information specific to goal-directed actions or more general information that also defines object events. Here, we show a shared neural code for visually presented actions and object events throughout the action observation network. We argue that this neural representation captures the structure and physics of events regardless of animacy. We find that lateral occipitotemporal cortex encodes information about events that is also invariant to stimulus modality. Our results shed light onto the representational profiles of posterior temporal and front...
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Research Interests: Psychology, Psycholinguistics, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Linguistics, Language, and 15 morePrefrontal Cortex, TMS, Italy, Humans, Reaction Time, Noun, Clitics, Magnetics, Adult, Plural, Clitic, Functional Laterality, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, and Electric stimulation
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Albert Costa was a dear friend and colleague who died young but accomplished much. We provide a brief sketch of his scientific contributions to the field of psycholinguistics and bilingualism. The articles included in the special issue... more
Albert Costa was a dear friend and colleague who died young but accomplished much. We provide a brief sketch of his scientific contributions to the field of psycholinguistics and bilingualism. The articles included in the special issue are then presented along three research topics developed by Albert Costa in his own career: Lexical access in bilingualism, executive control in bilingualism, and judgement and decision making in a foreign language. The articles explore topics such as competition within and across words in unimodal or bimodal bilinguals, and its links to domain-general executive control, the reshaping of word form knowledge following second language learning, the stakes and methods involved in investigating accented speech, and the contrast between decision making in the native or second language. We hope this collection provides an up-to-date perspective on the rich field of bilingualism research, and a modest homage to our late friend and colleague.
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ABSTRACTAll it takes is a face to face conversation in a noisy environment to realize that viewing a speaker’s lip movements contributes to speech comprehension. Following the finding that brain areas that control speech production are... more
ABSTRACTAll it takes is a face to face conversation in a noisy environment to realize that viewing a speaker’s lip movements contributes to speech comprehension. Following the finding that brain areas that control speech production are also recruited during lip reading, the received explanation is that lipreading operates through a covert unconscious imitation of the observed speech movements in the observer’s own speech motor system – a motor simulation. However, motor effects during lipreading do not necessarily imply simulation or a causal role in perception. In line with this alternative, we report here that some individuals born with lip paralysis, who are therefore unable to covertly imitate observed lip movements, have typical lipreading abilities and audiovisual speech perception. This constitutes existence proof that typically efficient lipreading abilities can be achieved without motor simulation. Although it remains an open question whether this conclusion generalizes to ...
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Both temporal and frontoparietal brain areas are associated with the representation of knowledge about the world, in particular about actions. However, what these brain regions represent and precisely how they differ remains unknown.... more
Both temporal and frontoparietal brain areas are associated with the representation of knowledge about the world, in particular about actions. However, what these brain regions represent and precisely how they differ remains unknown. Here, we reveal fundamentally distinct functional profiles of lateral temporal and frontoparietal cortex: Using fMRI-based MVPA we found that frontoparietal areas encode representations of observed actions and corresponding written sentences in an overlapping way, but these representations did not generalize across stimulus type. By contrast, only left lateral posterior temporal cortex (LPTC) encoded action representations that generalize across observed action scenes and sentences. The representational organization of stimulus-general action information in LPTC could be predicted from models that describe basic agent-patient relations (object- and person-directedness) and the general semantic similarity between actions. The match between action videos ...