Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Dural sinus malformations (DSMs) are rare congenital intracranial vascular malformations characterized by dilatation of one or more dural sinuses, which occur secondary to arteriovenous shunting that develops early in gestation1. There... more
Dural sinus malformations (DSMs) are rare congenital intracranial vascular malformations characterized by dilatation of one or more dural sinuses, which occur secondary to arteriovenous shunting that develops early in gestation1. There are two anatomical types of DSM according to Lasjaunias’s classification1,2. The first type is midline and torcular DSM, which involves posterior dural sinuses and results in a large venous pouch with slow-flow mural arteriovenous shunting. The lesion communicates with anatomically contiguous dural sinuses and cerebral veins. The second type is lateral DSM, involving the sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb. Antenatal ultrasound with color Doppler is the primary imaging modality for diagnosing and determining the prognosis of DSM. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a second-step examination. The vascular dilatation with arteriovenous shunt usually has low-velocity blood flow, which predisposes to partial or complete thrombus formation in 82% of cases2.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in humans proceed through a continuous change of biochemical and biophysical processes. It requires a constant interaction between the fetus and the maternal system. The present prospective... more
The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in humans proceed through a continuous change of biochemical and biophysical processes. It requires a constant interaction between the fetus and the maternal system. The present prospective study aims to elucidate changes in salivary proteome from the early to middle stages of term pregnancy, and establishing an expressional trajectory for modulated proteins. To date, a comprehensive characterization of the longitudinal salivary proteome in pregnancy has not been performed and it is our immediate interest. In the discovery phase, maternal saliva (N = 20) at 6–13, 18–21, and 26–29 weeks of gestation was analyzed using level-free proteomics (SWATH-MS) approach. The expression levels of 65 proteins were found to change significantly with gestational age and distributed into two distinct clusters with a unique expression trajectory. The results revealed that altered proteins are involved in maternal immune modulation, metabolism, and host d...
Research Interests:
Background The World Health Organization recommends a package of pregnancy care that includes obstetric ultrasound scans. There are significant barriers to universal access to antenatal ultrasound, particularly because of the cost and... more
Background The World Health Organization recommends a package of pregnancy care that includes obstetric ultrasound scans. There are significant barriers to universal access to antenatal ultrasound, particularly because of the cost and need for maintenance of ultrasound equipment and a lack of trained personnel. As low-cost, handheld ultrasound devices have become widely available, the current roadblock is the global shortage of health care providers trained in obstetric scanning. Objective The aim of this study is to improve pregnancy and risk assessment for women in underserved regions. Therefore, we are undertaking the Computer-Assisted Low-Cost Point-of-Care UltraSound (CALOPUS) project, bringing together experts in machine learning and clinical obstetric ultrasound. Methods In this prospective study conducted in two clinical centers (United Kingdom and India), participating pregnant women were scanned and full-length ultrasounds were performed. Each woman underwent 2 consecutive...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Additional file 1. Supplementary information.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Since the pioneering publications of Fritsch [1] and Asherman [2, 3] the understanding and management of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) have come a long way [4–11].
Research Interests: Ultrasound and Medicine
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Additional file 2. Supplementary information tables.
Research Interests:
3D & 4D ultrasound , 3D & 4D ultrasound , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
Research Interests:
The Physical Principles and Techniques The Liver and The Biliary Tract The Pancreas, Para-aortic areas and the Spleen The Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder, The Prostate The Small Parts - Breast, Thyroid, Scrotum, and Musculoskeletal... more
The Physical Principles and Techniques The Liver and The Biliary Tract The Pancreas, Para-aortic areas and the Spleen The Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder, The Prostate The Small Parts - Breast, Thyroid, Scrotum, and Musculoskeletal Structures The Vascular Systems The Endometrium The Myometrium The Adnexa Cancer of the Cervix Congenital Malformations of the Uterus Early Pregnancy Fetal Malformations The Placenta, Umbilical Cord, Amniotic Fluid and Cervix.
Research Interests:
Background: Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a common problem in developing countries causing significant morbidity, especially infertility. Radiological imaging, especially ultrasound, can help in diagnosis of FGTB with tubo-ovarian... more
Background: Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a common problem in developing countries causing significant morbidity, especially infertility. Radiological imaging, especially ultrasound, can help in diagnosis of FGTB with tubo-ovarian masses. Aims: The present study was performed to evaluate the role of ultrasound in diagnosis of FGTB and to see various findings of FGTB on ultrasound. Study Setting and Design: It was a prospective cross-sectional study over 4-year period between August 2015 and August 2019 in a tertiary referral center. Subjects and Methods: One hundred and seventy-five patients of infertility diagnosed to have FGTB on composite reference standard (CRS) of positive acid-fast bacilli on microscopy or culture of endometrial biopsy, positive polymerase chain reaction, positive GeneXpert, epithelioid granuloma on histology of endometrial biopsy, or definite or probable finding of FGTB on laparoscopy were subjected to transvaginal ultrasound by an experienced sonographer for various findings of FGTB. Statistical Analysis: Data analysis was carried out using STATA software 12.0. Comparison of categorical values was tested using Chi-square Fisher's exact test, with P < 0.05 being taken as significant. Results: Mean age, body mass index, parity, and duration of infertility were 28.9 years, 22.9 kg/m2, 0.26, and 6.06 years, respectively. Menstrual dysfunction was common (44%). Diagnosis of FGTB was made by CRS. Ultrasound was normal in 112 (64%) cases and was abnormal in 63 (36%) cases. Various ultrasound findings were ovarian cyst (23.42%), tubo-ovarian masses (15.42%), unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx (13.71%), pyosalpinx (0.57%), adhesion (1.14%), adnexal fixity (6.28%), thin endometrium (24.57%), endometrial fluid (12.57%), endometrial calcification (1.7%), endometrial synechiae (4.57%), cornual synechiae (2.28%), impaired endometrial vascularity (21.71%), ascites (6.85%), and peritoneal or omental thickening (1.75%). Conclusion: Carefully performed ultrasound is a useful modality in diagnosis of FGTB, especially in adnexal masses.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Diagnostic prenatal invasive testing currently forms an integral and extremely significant component of the practice of obstetric care and has a twofold purpose. The primary aim is to offer management options and informed decision making... more
Diagnostic prenatal invasive testing currently forms an integral and extremely significant component of the practice of obstetric care and has a twofold purpose. The primary aim is to offer management options and informed decision making to pregnant women and their companions. The secondary aim is to ensure that every fetus has an optimal outcome. Currently, most professional societies offer guidelines on prenatal invasive testing based on specific indications. Society of Fetal Medicine (SFM) clinical practice recommendations are developed for use by all practitioners of fetal and maternal healthcare. They are intended to facilitate a reasonable standard of care by the entire medical community. Practitioners are encouraged to go beyond these standards in relevant clinical situations. This document has been drafted after extensive inputs and discussions by practitioners and experts, followed by a consensus.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
BackgroundDifferent formulae have been developed globally to estimate gestational age (GA) by ultrasonography in the first trimester of pregnancy. In this study, we develop an Indian population-specific dating formula and compare its... more
BackgroundDifferent formulae have been developed globally to estimate gestational age (GA) by ultrasonography in the first trimester of pregnancy. In this study, we develop an Indian population-specific dating formula and compare its performance with published formulae. Finally, we evaluate the implications of the choice of dating method on preterm birth (PTB) rate. This study’s data was from GARBH-Ini, an ongoing pregnancy cohort of North Indian women to study PTB.MethodsComparisons between ultrasonography-Hadlock and last menstrual period (LMP) based dating methods were made by studying the distribution of their differences by Bland-Altman analysis. Using data-driven approaches, we removed data outliers more efficiently than by applying clinical parameters. We applied advanced machine learning algorithms to identify relevant features for GA estimation and developed an Indian population-specific formula (Garbhini-GA1) for the first trimester. PTB rates of Garbhini-GA1 and other for...
Research Interests:
Background: The prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) is high in lower and middle-income countries (LMIC) such as India. In LMIC, since a large proportion seeks antenatal care for the first time beyond 14-weeks of pregnancy, accurate... more
Background: The prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) is high in lower and middle-income countries (LMIC) such as India. In LMIC, since a large proportion seeks antenatal care for the first time beyond 14-weeks of pregnancy, accurate estimation of gestational age (GA) using measures derived from ultrasonography scans in the second and third trimesters is of paramount importance. Different models have been developed globally to estimate GA, and currently, LMIC uses Hadlock's formula derived from data based on a North American cohort. This study aimed to develop a population-specific model using data from GARBH-Ini, a multidimensional and ongoing pregnancy cohort established in a district hospital in North India for studying PTB. Methods: Data obtained by longitudinal ultrasonography across all trimesters of pregnancy was used to develop and validate GA models for second and third trimesters. The first trimester GA estimated by ultrasonography was considered the Gold Standard. The sec...