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In this study dual‐polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements were used to enhance oil spill observation. The co‐polarized phase difference (CPD) was modelled and used to characterize the scattering return from oil spills and... more
In this study dual‐polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements were used to enhance oil spill observation. The co‐polarized phase difference (CPD) was modelled and used to characterize the scattering return from oil spills and biogenic slicks. The model predicts, under low to moderate wind conditions, a larger CPD standard deviation (σ) for oil with respect to the sea, while for
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... Gianfranco De Grandi, Jan Kropacek, European Commission, Joint Research Centre ... The WASP signa ture is presented as a family of graphs, each mapping the normalized wavelet variance estimated over the ROJ against the orientation... more
... Gianfranco De Grandi, Jan Kropacek, European Commission, Joint Research Centre ... The WASP signa ture is presented as a family of graphs, each mapping the normalized wavelet variance estimated over the ROJ against the orientation angle ( \jJ = 0° 90° ) at a given dyadic ...
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The Wavelet Polarization Signature (WASP) is a recently introduced formalism for analyzing the dependences of texture measures, in SAR imagery, afforded by wavelet frames on scale and polarization state. Based on a previously published... more
The Wavelet Polarization Signature (WASP) is a recently introduced formalism for analyzing the dependences of texture measures, in SAR imagery, afforded by wavelet frames on scale and polarization state. Based on a previously published theoretical approach, two experiments are reported where wavelet WASP analysis is applied to SAR observations of natural targets, both in the land and marine domains. The objective is to assess the potential usefulness of the technique in different thematic contexts and to validate experimentally the effects predicted by theory. Analysis conducted so far indicates that texture measures based on wavelet frames can be an effective vehicle to characterize the spatial statistics of SAR observations in the combined space-scale-polarization domain.
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ABSTRACT
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In this study, a novel unified theoretical framework to describe the polarimetric sea surface scattering with and without surface slicks, entirely based on the Mueller scattering matrix, is proposed. Dealing with slick-free or... more
In this study, a novel unified theoretical framework to describe the polarimetric sea surface scattering with and without surface slicks, entirely based on the Mueller scattering matrix, is proposed. Dealing with slick-free or weak-damping-slick-covered sea surface a Bragg scattering mechanism is expected, while, a non-Bragg scattering mechanism is expected in case of oil-covered sea surface. Following this rationale, the Mueller
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A study on sea oil slick observation by means of L- band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is accomplished. It is based on the different sea sur- face scattering mechanism expected with and without surface slicks.... more
A study on sea oil slick observation by means of L- band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is accomplished. It is based on the different sea sur- face scattering mechanism expected with and without surface slicks. Polarimetric measurements are processed by means of a simple and very effective filtering tech- nique which is electromagnetically based on the Mueller scattering
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In this paper we present a novel approach for the detection of low backscatter areas and areas with strong scatterers in marine SLC SAR images. The approach is based on the use of the three parameters of the generalized K probability... more
In this paper we present a novel approach for the detection of low backscatter areas and areas with strong scatterers in marine SLC SAR images. The approach is based on the use of the three parameters of the generalized K probability density function. This speckle model embodies the Rayleigh scattering scene, which is descriptor of scenes dominated by Bragg scattering,
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Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) oil spill observation is not at all an easy task since the presence of many natural phenomena and surfactants call for complex and time-consuming classification techniques, generally based on the use of... more
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) oil spill observation is not at all an easy task since the presence of many natural phenomena and surfactants call for complex and time-consuming classification techniques, generally based on the use of ancillary external data. In this study, polarization diversity is employed to assist oil spill observation techniques. The polarization signature, commonly used for land application,
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A speckle model to characterize low backscatter areas and areas with strong scatterers in marine SLC SAR images is presented. The model allows using high resolution speckled SAR images instead of dealing with multi-look SAR images where,... more
A speckle model to characterize low backscatter areas and areas with strong scatterers in marine SLC SAR images is presented. The model allows using high resolution speckled SAR images instead of dealing with multi-look SAR images where, at the expense of a poorer spatial resolution, the speckle is mitigated. The new approach is based on the use of the three
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The K-generalized distribution is a three parameters probability density function (pdf) which ensures a continuous and physically consistent transition among different scattering scenarios. This speckle model can embody the Rayleigh case... more
The K-generalized distribution is a three parameters probability density function (pdf) which ensures a continuous and physically consistent transition among different scattering scenarios. This speckle model can embody the Rayleigh case (which is descriptor of land scenes), the Rice case (which is descriptor of the presence of a dominant scatterer) and the K case (which is descriptor of marine scenes). Thus, in principle, this speckle model allows a continuous and physically consistent transition among very different scattering scenarios. In this paper, we investigate the sensitivity of the three K-generalized parameters as descriptors of features over marine SAR images with special attention to oil spills and look-alikes. The reference data set has been provided by the ESA under the CAT-1 Project C1P-2769.
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In this study, the use of the extended Bragg scattering model for fully polarimetric SAR data is proposed for describing sea surface scattering. Experiments are conducted on fully polarimetric C- and L-band SAR data. Analysis conducted so... more
In this study, the use of the extended Bragg scattering model for fully polarimetric SAR data is proposed for describing sea surface scattering. Experiments are conducted on fully polarimetric C- and L-band SAR data. Analysis conducted so far, indicates that the proposed model is suitable for the description of the sea surface scattering and can be useful to assist oil spill observation.
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ABSTRACT The Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) is a web application for the estimation of the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Europe and Africa, which has become widely used by the PV community in Europe. We... more
ABSTRACT The Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) is a web application for the estimation of the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Europe and Africa, which has become widely used by the PV community in Europe. We here present the results of adapting the solar radiation data calculated from satellite data in the Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility (CM-SAF) to PVGIS. The CM-SAF solar radiation database is characterized by very low overall bias and shows good accuracy at validation sites. The application to PVGIS brings important improvements relative to the existing solar radiation databases within PVGIS.
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ABSTRACT Charge-coupled device (CCD)-camera-based measurement systems offer the possibility to gather information on the solar radial energy distribution (sunshape). Sunshape measurements are very useful in designing high concentration... more
ABSTRACT Charge-coupled device (CCD)-camera-based measurement systems offer the possibility to gather information on the solar radial energy distribution (sunshape). Sunshape measurements are very useful in designing high concentration photovoltaic systems and heliostats as they collect light only within a narrow field of view, the dimension of which has to be defined in the context of several different system design parameters. However, in this regard the CCD camera response needs to be adequately characterized. In this paper, uncertainty components for optical and other CCD-specific sources have been evaluated using indoor test procedures. We have considered CCD linearity and background noise, blooming, lens aberration, exposure time linearity and quantization error. Uncertainty calculation showed that a 0.94% (k = 2) combined expanded uncertainty on the solar radial energy distribution can be assumed.
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In this study dual‐polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements were used to enhance oil spill observation. The co‐polarized phase difference (CPD) was modelled and used to characterize the scattering return from oil spills and... more
In this study dual‐polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements were used to enhance oil spill observation. The co‐polarized phase difference (CPD) was modelled and used to characterize the scattering return from oil spills and biogenic slicks. The model predicts, under low to moderate wind conditions, a larger CPD standard deviation (σ) for oil with respect to the sea, while for