Due to their excellent properties, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have been applied to design scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Predicting the mechanical response of bone scaffolds in different loading... more
Due to their excellent properties, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have been applied to design scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Predicting the mechanical response of bone scaffolds in different loading conditions is vital to designing scaffolds. The optimal mechanical properties can be achieved by tuning their geometrical parameters to mimic the mechanical properties of natural bone. In this study, we designed gyroid scaffolds of different user-specific pore and strut sizes using a combined TPMS and signed distance field (SDF) method to obtain varying architecture and porosities. The designed scaffolds were converted to various meshes such as surface, volume, and finite element (FE) volume meshes to create FE models with different boundary and loading conditions. The designed scaffolds under compressive loading were numerically evaluated using a finite element method (FEM) to predict and compare effective elastic moduli. The effective elastic moduli range ...
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Barking is a form of vocal communication made by dogs. Each type of bark made by dogs has a distinct context. The classification of dog bark pattern will aid in the understanding of barking action. In this study, a machine learning... more
Barking is a form of vocal communication made by dogs. Each type of bark made by dogs has a distinct context. The classification of dog bark pattern will aid in the understanding of barking action. In this study, a machine learning algorithm is used to analyze the pattern of barking from two different dog species: Rajapalayam Hound and Kombai Hound. The objective is to find the context of the dog barking pattern based on various real-time scenarios, including whether the dogs are alone, looking at strangers, or showing an eagerness to fight. The barks of the dogs were recorded inside the house under different scenarios, such as while identifying the owner or strangers. Machine learning algorithms, such as the reinforcement learning method, were used in predicting and classifying the dog sounds. Q-learning is a reinforcement learning that will generate the next best action for the given state. It is a model-free learning used to find the best course of dog action for the given curren...
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Electropolymerization has become a convenient method for synthesizing and characterizing complex organic copolymers having intrinsic electronic conductivity, including the donor (D)–acceptor (A) class of electronically conducting polymers... more
Electropolymerization has become a convenient method for synthesizing and characterizing complex organic copolymers having intrinsic electronic conductivity, including the donor (D)–acceptor (A) class of electronically conducting polymers (ECPs).
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14 new MoS2 polymorphs were studied using first-principle calculations based on density functional theory. We found a new promising MoS2 candidate for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.
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Correction for ‘In-depth first-principle study on novel MoS2 polymorphs’ by Håkon Eidsvåg et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 3759–3769, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA10443D.
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We present a comprehensive investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of four promising candidates, namely Au2Cs2I6, Ag2GeBaS4, Ag2ZnSnS4, and AgCuPO4, for application in photovoltaic devices based on... more
We present a comprehensive investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of four promising candidates, namely Au2Cs2I6, Ag2GeBaS4, Ag2ZnSnS4, and AgCuPO4, for application in photovoltaic devices based on intermediate band (IB) cells. We perform accurate density functional theory calculations by employing the hybrid functional of Heyd, Scuseria, and Erhzerhof (HSE06). Calculations reveal that IBs are present in all proposed compounds at unoccupied states in the range of 0.34–2.19 eV from the Fermi level. The structural and mechanical stability of these four materials are also systematically investigated. Additional peaks are present in the optical spectra of these compounds, as characterised by a broadened energy range and high intensity for light absorption. Our findings, as reported in this work, may provide a substantial breakthrough on the understanding of these materials, and thus help the design of more efficient IB solar devices.
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In this investigation, the biological synthesis method was adopted to synthesise silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using the leaf extracts of Cleistanthus collinus (C. collinus). This plant has traditionally been used to remove the harmful... more
In this investigation, the biological synthesis method was adopted to synthesise silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using the leaf extracts of Cleistanthus collinus (C. collinus). This plant has traditionally been used to remove the harmful pest from the agriculture field. Leaf extract of C. collinus was used as bioreductant on the precursor solvent of AgNO3. The synthesised AgNPs were characterised by spectroscopic method such as UV–vis spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and microscopic method by field-emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The AgNPs were studied for both antibacterial and antifungal activities and found to exhibit potential antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anticancer activity of AgNPs was screened against A-431 osteosarcoma cell line by [3-(4, 5-dimetheylthiazol-2)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay and the IC50 value was found to be 91.05 ± 1.53 μg/ml. This trend of eco-friendly stable synthesis of AgNPs could prove a better substitute for the chemical methods and offer greater opportunity to use these nanosilvers in agricultural and biomedical sectors.
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Abstract Nanostructured thermoelectric materials are of much interest for improving the thermoelectric figure of merit. In the present work, Sb 2 Te 3 hexagonal nanoplates were successfully fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method. The... more
Abstract Nanostructured thermoelectric materials are of much interest for improving the thermoelectric figure of merit. In the present work, Sb 2 Te 3 hexagonal nanoplates were successfully fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results show that the typical Sb 2 Te 3 crystal is hexagonal in shape with about 35 nm in thickness and 300 nm in edge length. The mechanism for formation of Sb 2 Te 3 hexagonal nanoplates is primarily discussed.
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Abstract: This paper focuses on identification of micro projects for improvement of e-readiness of Sri Lanka. First, the proposed strategy by the Government of Sri Lanka is presented. Second, from the proposed strategy, requirement... more
Abstract: This paper focuses on identification of micro projects for improvement of e-readiness of Sri Lanka. First, the proposed strategy by the Government of Sri Lanka is presented. Second, from the proposed strategy, requirement analysis is done to draw a ...
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Herein, bimetal (Mn, Co) codoping on a CuO host is aimed at enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. Codoping of Mn and Co on CuO to enhance bifunctional action in electrochemical water... more
Herein, bimetal (Mn, Co) codoping on a CuO host is aimed at enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. Codoping of Mn and Co on CuO to enhance bifunctional action in electrochemical water splitting has not yet been investigated to the best of our knowledge. Literatures are focused on unary Mn-doped CuO or Co-doped CuO nanostructures. Mn, Co codoped CuO through an easy chemical coprecipitation method has been successfully attempted and is more beneficial which is the novelty of the present work. Defect-enriched ample active sites (Mn2+/Mn3+ and Co2+/Co3+) along with Cu2+ in the host CuO achieved high current density (100 mA/cm2) in OER and HER with low overpotential such as 468 mV and 271 mV, respectively. Faster charge transfer and diffusion ability was stimulated by the bimetal codoping CuO. Reasonable Tafel plot values (OER: 199 mV/dec, and HER: 21 mV/dec) with improved water-splitting reaction kinetics were achieved for the Mn, Co co...
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Electron transport layer is one of the important layer in the dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which is responsible for the transport of photo‐generated electrons by the dye to the outer circuit. TiO2 has been widely used as electron... more
Electron transport layer is one of the important layer in the dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which is responsible for the transport of photo‐generated electrons by the dye to the outer circuit. TiO2 has been widely used as electron transport material in DSSCs. However, improving the electrical conductivity of TiO2 without sacrificing the surface area is one of the important strategies to improve the efficiency of the DSSCs. Here graphene oxide (GO) is added as an additive into the TiO2 network towards the preparation of TiO2/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites by UV assisted photocatalytic reduction method. The RGO/TiO2 composites with different compositions of RGO were characterized and the performance of DSSCs using the prepared material as photoanode was studied. Furthermore, through the D and G band Raman peaks, the reduction of GO to RGO was confirmed. The optical properties of the prepared material were analyzed using UV‐visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence analysis, respectively. The carrier lifetime of the TiO2 and TiO2/RGO composites was studied using time resolved photoluminescence studies. The high‐resolution transmission electron microscope images of prepared TiO2/RGO composites were found to have sheet‐like structure surrounding the near spherical nanoparticles, which could be attributed to that of RGO and TiO2, respectively. The binding energy states of the prepared material were studied using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. The incorporation of RGO in TiO2 was found to improve the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of TiO2 and distribution of pores in TiO2 and TiO2/RGO composites was found to be uniform. The DSSCs were fabricated using the prepared TiO2 and TiO2/RGO composites as photoanodes and their power conversion efficiencies were analyzed.
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So far, numerous metal oxides and metal hydroxides have been reported as an electrode material, a critical component in supercapacitors that determines the operation window of the capacitor.
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Here, we have introduced a facile solid-state route assisted method to prepare CH3NH3PbI3perovskite nanoparticles (PNs) and together with a facile - powder press technique, for the deposition of prepared PNs - a solution cum vacuum-free... more
Here, we have introduced a facile solid-state route assisted method to prepare CH3NH3PbI3perovskite nanoparticles (PNs) and together with a facile - powder press technique, for the deposition of prepared PNs - a solution cum vacuum-free route. The perovskite layer was prepared using different lead iodide (PbI2) precursor molar concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mmol) and the PbI2concentration was found to have a significant impact on the structural, optical, morphological and electrical properties. The sample prepared using molar ratio PbI2: MAI at 1:3 shows the optimal bandgap value (∼1.51 eV), broader band edge peak at 755 nm and found have good optical property for photovoltaic (PV) applications. The J–V performance of the fabricated perovskite device with FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/Perovskite/CuI/ Cr/Pt-coated FTO counter electrode has been studied. The device fabricated using the concentration at PbI2:MAI 1:3 achieved a PCE of 3.9% and resulted in better long-term stability with deterioration in η and VOCby 27.87% and 29.23% after 15 days.
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Nanocrystalline nickel oxide (NiO), chromium and cobalt doped NiO nanoparticles have been prepared successfully by chemical precipitation method. NiO, Cr and Co-doped NiO nanoparticles have been characterised using various analytical... more
Nanocrystalline nickel oxide (NiO), chromium and cobalt doped NiO nanoparticles have been prepared successfully by chemical precipitation method. NiO, Cr and Co-doped NiO nanoparticles have been characterised using various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, FESEM, HRTEM, UV absorption and M-H curves. The average grain size of NiO, Cr and Co-doped NiO nanoparticles are 10.33 nm, 9.54 nm and 8.70 nm respectively. The UV absorbance study shows a strong absorption edge at 314.96 nm, 308.64 nm and 305.37 nm respectively. The band gap values of NiO, Cr and Co-doped NiO nanoparticles are 3.936 eV, 4.017 eV and 4.060 eV. The incorporation of chromium and cobalt into NiO nanoparticles have strongly influenced the magnetic behaviour and the material got converted from super paramagnetic to ferromagnetic material.
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In this study, a natural dye from the flowers of Mussaenda erythrophylla extracted separately in ethanol and de-ionized water was employed as a photosensitizer in DSSCs. The quantitative phytochemical analyses were performed on both... more
In this study, a natural dye from the flowers of Mussaenda erythrophylla extracted separately in ethanol and de-ionized water was employed as a photosensitizer in DSSCs. The quantitative phytochemical analyses were performed on both extracts. The existence of flavonoids (anthocyanin) and chlorophyll a pigments in the ethanol extract of the dye was confirmed by the UV–Visible spectroscopy. The stability study performed on the said ethanol extract confirmed that the dye extracted in ethanol was stable in the dark and did not degrade for nearly 50 days. The presence of the dye molecules and uniform adsorption of them on the P25-TiO2 surface were confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, respectively. Moreover, the influence of dye concentration and pH on the optical properties of the dye was also studied. The natural dye extracted in ethanol was employed in DSSCs, fabricated by utilizing the said dye sensitized P25-TiO2 photoanodes, $${I}^{-}$$ I...
An Egyptian blue integrated luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) is reported.
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This study reports a facile impregnation method for synthesizing Ni-doped TiO2 nanomaterials using P25-TiO2 as a starting material. The as prepared nanomaterials were subjected to structural and optical characterizations and subsequently... more
This study reports a facile impregnation method for synthesizing Ni-doped TiO2 nanomaterials using P25-TiO2 as a starting material. The as prepared nanomaterials were subjected to structural and optical characterizations and subsequently employed in photovoltaic studies. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman studies confirmed that Ni doping did not alter the anatase and rutile contents of P25-TiO2. Also, the presence of the constituent dopants and their ionic states were confirmed by Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies. Topographic Atomic Force Microscopic (AFM) images illustrated that Ni doping had increased the surface roughness of the TiO2. Optical characterization by UV-Visible spectroscopy revealed that the Ni doping had caused red shift in light absorption due to reduced TiO2 bandgap and improved the dye adsorption on TiO2 films. Then, the photocurrent–photovoltage property of the fabricated devices was investigated and the optimized 0.10 wt%...
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The natural dye pigment of blueberry was extracted from its peals using acetonitrile as solvent. This dye was used in a liquid electrolyte-free, natural dye-sensitized solid solar cell (NDSSSC). Natural dyes are inexpensive, non-toxic and... more
The natural dye pigment of blueberry was extracted from its peals using acetonitrile as solvent. This dye was used in a liquid electrolyte-free, natural dye-sensitized solid solar cell (NDSSSC). Natural dyes are inexpensive, non-toxic and are reliable and redily available sources of dyes. However, the typical problem associated with them is their instability towards iodide/tri-iodide electrolyte. This was addressed by introducing p-CuI as the hole-conductor in place of iodide/tri-iodide electrolyte. The hole conductor was applied on dyed nonporous TiO2 films from a solution containing a crystal growth inhibitor triethylammium thiocyanate (THT) using drop-casting method. I-V characteristics and impedance measurements were carried out to investigate the photovoltaic performance and further characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and SEM. to achieve a highest efficiency(ɳ) of 1.7% with a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 11 mA cm-2, open circuit voltage (Voc) ...
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Tight focusing properties of an azimuthally polarized Gaussian beam with a pair of vortices through a dielectric interface is theoretically investigated by vector diffraction theory. For the incident beam with a pair of vortices of... more
Tight focusing properties of an azimuthally polarized Gaussian beam with a pair of vortices through a dielectric interface is theoretically investigated by vector diffraction theory. For the incident beam with a pair of vortices of opposite topological charges, the vortices move toward each other, annihilate and revive in the vicinity of focal plane, which results in the generation of many novel focal patterns. The usable focal structures generated through the tight focusing of the double-vortex beams may find applications in micro-particle trapping, manipulation, and material processing, etc.
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Energy flux density for higher-order cylindrical vector vortex (HCVV) beam focused through a dielectric interface is analyzed numerically based on vector diffraction theory. Numerical results shows variation in the direction of the energy... more
Energy flux density for higher-order cylindrical vector vortex (HCVV) beam focused through a dielectric interface is analyzed numerically based on vector diffraction theory. Numerical results shows variation in the direction of the energy flux or Poynting vector distribution both in transverse and longitudinal plane upon suitably tuning the topological charge and polarization order of HCVV beam. We also note that the strong reverse flow of energy occur at the centre of the focal plane for certain values of the topological charge and polarization order. These results may find potential applications in optical trapping and optical manipulations.
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We present experimental results for focusing of a three-dimensional electromagnetic wave through a plane interface into two different uniaxial crystals, a positive MgF2 crystal and a negative LiNbO3 crystal. These results are compared... more
We present experimental results for focusing of a three-dimensional electromagnetic wave through a plane interface into two different uniaxial crystals, a positive MgF2 crystal and a negative LiNbO3 crystal. These results are compared with numerical results and good agreement is found, both for intensity distributions in various receiving planes and for the locations of the sagittal and tangential focal planes. The theory is briefly outlined both for the exact solution, which includes extraparaxial geometries and double refraction, and for the paraxial solution, in which double refraction is ignored.
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The development of an economical, abundant, stable, and greatly active electrocatalyst for water oxidation is extremely important for future energy conversion system. Electrochemical water splitting is a new move toward H2 and O2 gas... more
The development of an economical, abundant, stable, and greatly active electrocatalyst for water oxidation is extremely important for future energy conversion system. Electrochemical water splitting is a new move toward H2 and O2 gas production. It can be used in sustainable and pollution-free energy conversion applications. In this work, Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized with different molar ratios by facile hydrothermal method for electrochemical water oxidation. Mixed phase structure of Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites was confirmed by X-ray diffraction spectra and well identified by highest peak of Ti2O3 in 2θ values of 33.0 and CeO2 in 2θ values of 28.5. The characteristic peaks from Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy further confirmed Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposite formation. Existence of multidimensional nanostructures such as nanoparticles and small nanocubes of Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites were investigated by scanning electron microscope images. Mesoporous nature of Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites was further analyzed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The high surface area could benefit the Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites with greatly improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. In three molar ratios, 1:3 M ratios of Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites showed high catalytic action at overpotential of 244 mV. The best OER electrocatalyst was obtained by 1:3 M ratios of Ti2O3-CeO2 nanocomposites, which exhibited high current density and high specific capacitance values of 238 mA/g and 517 F/g, respectively. Therefore, Ti/Ce molar ratio played a crucial role in enhancing the OER performance.
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Supercapacitors are a reliable device that has set an innovative path for the research line to face the energy gap. Consequently, remarkable steps were taken to prop up fabricated electrode materials electrochemical performance. ZnSe,... more
Supercapacitors are a reliable device that has set an innovative path for the research line to face the energy gap. Consequently, remarkable steps were taken to prop up fabricated electrode materials electrochemical performance. ZnSe, MoSe 2 and the composite of the mixed formation of ZnSe@MoSe 2 has been individually investigated and the electrochemical performances have been studied for supercapacitor applications. The quality of the synthesized material was thoroughly examined using basic characterization studies. The binary composite of ZnSe@MoSe 2 electrode delivered high specific capacitance of 450Fg −1 at 1Ag −1 in the charge–discharge profile and stable long cycle life retaining 99.6% over 2000 cycles at 10Ag −1 current density. Moreover, the existence of the flower like ZnSe@MoSe 2 composites increases electrochemical performance by offering the additional electrolyte ions and the electrons mobility. Furthermore, full cell configuration via ZnSe@MoSe 2 //AC was assembled for 1.5 V and endowed with 43WhKg −1 energy density at 740WKg −1 power density signifying its capability over 99.3% of retention capacity. In favor of the potential applicability, full cell incorporated in series displayed 1.56 V and able to power up the three different LED’s, further enlightening the dominance in supercapacitor performance.
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Abstract Solvothermal Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers synthesis has been successfully attempted. Methanol, ethanol and isopropanol have been mediated to synthesize three kinds of Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers. Highly oriented (311)... more
Abstract Solvothermal Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers synthesis has been successfully attempted. Methanol, ethanol and isopropanol have been mediated to synthesize three kinds of Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers. Highly oriented (311) plane growth of orthorhombic Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers have been confirmed. Interstitial vacancies and its role on electrochemical activity have been extensively discussed. Electrode fabrication was constructively done by using Ni foam substrate. Half cell arrangement of each electrode in alkaline medium has been designed to measure the electrochemical activity towards water oxidation. High current density of 356 mA/cm2 was afforded by Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers mediated by ethanol solvent during synthesis. Low Tafel slope value of 43 mV/dec has been reported to obtain 10 mA/cm2 current density. Higher conductivity long with very good electron transportation has been achieved and is also adapted for 12 h long time stability test and achieved 86% of retention in its performance. Hence, optimally prepared Bi2MoO6 hierarchical microflowers could be an efficient electrode for clean energy fabrication.
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Abstract The CdO is a reliable metal oxide for a variety of applications in energy storage capacitors, alkaline batteries, photovoltaic cells, liquid crystal displays, smart windows, transparent electrodes, and antireflection coatings.... more
Abstract The CdO is a reliable metal oxide for a variety of applications in energy storage capacitors, alkaline batteries, photovoltaic cells, liquid crystal displays, smart windows, transparent electrodes, and antireflection coatings. Supercapacitor is most important emerging technology in energy storage field. The preparation of electrode materials with excellent structures and morphological features is important to enhance the specific capacitance, which participates a significant position in the energy conversion and energy storage development for sustainable human growth. The role of neodymium ion doping with two different variations has been studied. The pure CdO and different percentages of Nd3+ ion-doped CdO (1% and 3%) was prepared using one-step hydrothermal method. The cubic CdO was confirmed employing the X-ray examination. The 50-60 nm crystallite size was obtained from the XRD results. Electrochemical performance was studied in detailed with respect to various Nd3+ doping percentages. The 652 F/g specific capacitance was obtained for the 3% Nd-doped CdO electrode from charge–discharge studies. This electrode also showed 94% capacitive retention after 5000 charge–discharge cycles. This article described that Nd-ion doped CdO electrodes increases the high conductivity as a result of high specific capacitance, extended cycle life, and small charge transfer resistance and are recommended here as the best choice for 3% Nd3+ doped CdO for supercapacitor electrodes.
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Abstract Electrolysis of seawater gets an attention to produce hydrogen for renewable energy technology. It significantly reduces the use of fresh water instead of seawater. Development of low temperature fabrication of electrocatalyst... more
Abstract Electrolysis of seawater gets an attention to produce hydrogen for renewable energy technology. It significantly reduces the use of fresh water instead of seawater. Development of low temperature fabrication of electrocatalyst can explore seawater splitting by avoiding chloride reduction during the hydrogen production. In the present work, we fabricated low temperature hydrothermal growth of Cu2S electrocatalyst on Ni foam at constant temperature of 80 °C at different growth times of 1–3 h. The prepared Cu2S electrocatalyst grown for 1 h exhibited low overpotentials of 76 and 118 mV at 10 mA/cm2 (289 and 358 mV overpotentials at 100 mA/cm2) in 1 M KOH deionized water and seawater, respectively for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Tafel plot of Cu2S catalyst grown for 1 h showed lesser Tafel slope value of 128 mVdec−1 than that of other growth times 2 h (136 mVdec−1) and 3 h (142 mV dec−1) indicating elevated electrocatalytic behaviour of Cu2S grown for 1 h. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed charge transfer resistance of 12.8Ω, 19.6 Ω and 25.7Ω, for Cu2S grown for 1, 2 and 3 h, respectively, this lower charge transfer resistance indicated higher charge transfer properties. The Cu2S electrocatalyst grown for 1 h sustained retention of 80% after 12 h continuous stability test. Therefore, the cost-effective and low temperature fabrication of Cu2S electrocatalyst proceeds for development of largescale seawater splitting for hydrogen production.
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Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 was synthesized by employing solvothermal route. X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption, photoluminescence, Raman, scanning electron microscopic studies confirmed the structural, optical, morphological... more
Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 was synthesized by employing solvothermal route. X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption, photoluminescence, Raman, scanning electron microscopic studies confirmed the structural, optical, morphological behaviors. The XRD pattern of Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 correlated well with JCPDS # 65-2435. The crystallite size was found to be 57, 49 and 40 nm. The photoluminescence spectra showed the semiconducting property of the prepared Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3. The absorption spectra of the Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 nanorods were well matched with the spectra of the previous report. The band gap of the Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 was calculated to be 1.56, 1.45 and 1.3 eV in reducing order. The morphology of the Bi2S3, 5 ml EG-Bi2S3, 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 samples showed the development of nanorods. 10 ml EG-Bi2S3 sample showed better development of nanorods with the addition of ethylene glycol. The agglomeration was cons...
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Abstract Novel and cost-effective electrocatalysts are most important materials considered for the renewable energy conversion applications. Metal molybdates have gained great attention because of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These... more
Abstract Novel and cost-effective electrocatalysts are most important materials considered for the renewable energy conversion applications. Metal molybdates have gained great attention because of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These products still need to be improved for practical applications. In this work, SrMoO4 nanostructures were successfully synthesized via trouble-free co-precipitation method. Scheelite-type tetragonal-phase SrMoO4 nanostructures were substantiated using X-ray diffraction. Raman spectra confirmed existence of Mo O 4 2 - group whereas Fourier transform infrared spectra corroborated different functional groups in well-crystallized SrMoO4 material. Morphologies of the prepared SrMoO4 nanostructures were identified by using the scanning electron microscopy images. The high surface area and porosity of electrocatalysts significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance. Then, the surface area, pore diameter and pore volume of SM2 were 13 m2/g, 4.474 nm and 0.004 cc/g, respectively. The existence of unique flower like morphology and spindle-like rods of SrMoO4 material confirmed the OER activity with elevated 409 F/g specific capacitance. Compared to different molar ratios of SrMoO4 materials, 1:5 M ratios of SrMoO4 nanostructures showed outstanding catalytic action toward OER performance with 187 mV at 10 mA/cm2 and a small 20.5 mV/dec Tafel slope. In addition, SM2 electrode showed better durability in 16 h chronoamperometry test without any decay. Therefore, optimizing the proper molar ratio of SrMoO4 material is one of the important parameters to obtain a good candidate for electrochemical water-splitting applications.
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Abstract Cerium (Ce) doped SnO2/g-C3N4 composites were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The obtained Ce doped SnO2/g-C3N4 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy... more
Abstract Cerium (Ce) doped SnO2/g-C3N4 composites were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The obtained Ce doped SnO2/g-C3N4 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectra (EDS), elemental mapping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). An electrode made of Ce doped SnO2/g-C3N4 exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 274 F/g at 1 A/g current density. The supercapacitor device fabricated by using Ce-SnO2/g-C3N4//Activated Carbon as electrodes has showed an energy and power densities of 39.3 W h kg−1 and 7425 W kg−1. The asymmetric device gives the retention of 84.2% after completing 5000 cycles. When the same, Ce-SnO2/g-C3N4, composite is used as a photo-catalyst for reduction of methylene blue dye under visible light irradiation, exhibits a higher degradation efficiency of 98% which is higher efficiency compared to all other synthesized samples.