- A seasoned animal genetics and breeding expert in Kenya.Currently a Professor of Animal Genetics and Breeding in Depa... moreA seasoned animal genetics and breeding expert in Kenya.Currently a Professor of Animal Genetics and Breeding in Department of Agriculture and Land Use Management, in School of Agriculture veterinary Sciences and Technology at Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya.Has 40 years of experience in Animal Genetics and Breeding.Published an Academic book on Evaluation of SMallholder dairy cattle policy in Kenya based on Simulation and Modeling approach. Has also published book chapters in academic books.Has also co-authored 7 academic books.edit
Research Interests:
Purpose: Rural women play an essential role in the four pillars related to food security: availability, accessibility, utilization and stability. However, there is a gender gap in access to resources such as: land, energy, technology,... more
Purpose: Rural women play an essential role in the four pillars related to food security: availability, accessibility, utilization and stability. However, there is a gender gap in access to resources such as: land, energy, technology, credit, pesticides and fertilizers. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of rural women education levels to food security in Likuyani sub county, Kakamega County, Kenya. Methodology: This study was carried out in Kakamega County, Likuyani sub-county. This study used cross-cultural research design. The study population consisted of 30,685 respondents. The study sampled 395 using simple respondents using random sampling. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and focused group discussion guides. Content validity was tested by experts while reliability was tested at 0.7. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 24 and presented using APA tables. Findings: The researc...
Research Interests:
It has been observed that as human settlement activities in peri-urban areas increase, flooding incidents have been noted to escalate. Although the government appreciates community participation; and has encouraged and supported local... more
It has been observed that as human settlement activities in peri-urban areas increase, flooding incidents have been noted to escalate. Although the government appreciates community participation; and has encouraged and supported local community driven initiatives towards disaster response, paticipaticipation by individual households in humanitarian assistance to the disaster victims in peri-urban settlements is reported to be low. The objective of this paper was to examine the relationship between the homeowners’ environmental attitude and the level of humanitarian support given during flooding in Mavoko. The study targeted heads of household; the general public; officials of government and quasi-government institutions as well as professional and residents associations responsible for environment, settlement and disaster mitigation; leaders of religeous and community organisations and societies responsible for emergency management and humanitarian support in Machakos and Nairobi Co...
Research Interests:
Work place disasters have been a major global concern. In Kenya, media reports and literature sources indicate that the government has poor safety standards and inadequate disaster preparedness. Disruption of business activities as a... more
Work place disasters have been a major global concern. In Kenya, media reports and literature sources indicate that the government has poor safety standards and inadequate disaster preparedness. Disruption of business activities as a result of disasters can be attributed to inadequate attention to disaster risk prevention and poor management by organizations as an economic and business issue. A much closer interaction between businesses and government as well as related organizational bodies is needed to ensure appropriate risk reduction strategies and adequate measures for implementation. This paper thus evaluates the safety intervention role played by various entities and organizations in reducing the Disaster risks. Eldoret Municipality in Kenya is the area of focus given that it is one of the towns with the biggest manufacturing industries in Kenya. The authors carried out a survey of large, middle and small scale factories in Eldoret. Purposive sampling was used to select the i...
Research Interests:
Climate change is one of the biggest long term challenges to global development. It is predicted that Africa will be the hardest hit region in terms of catastrophic natural disasters. The high vulnerability of the continent to the impact... more
Climate change is one of the biggest long term challenges to global development. It is predicted that Africa will be the hardest hit region in terms of catastrophic natural disasters. The high vulnerability of the continent to the impact of climate change results from the fact that Africa as a whole has a high dependence on natural resources, poor infrastructure, pervasive poverty and weak institutional capacity to respond and mitigate environmental disasters effectively. In Kenya, Mandera County is characterized by fragile and sensitive ecosystem and, has been facing droughts, floods, epidemics, livestock diseases and conflicts whose impacts have caused devastation. The objective of this study was to determine the risks of climate change to agro- pastoral development in Mandera County, Kenya. Cluster random sampling, multistage sampling and simple random sampling were employed in the sampling strategy. Questionnaires, interview schedules, key informant questionnaires, focus group d...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Turkana County is a region of soils of high agricultural potential but aridity hinders its exploitation. It is characterized by scarce, erratic rainfall patterns. Food security remains a challenge in Turkana County despite its potential.... more
Turkana County is a region of soils of high agricultural potential but aridity hinders its exploitation. It is characterized by scarce, erratic rainfall patterns. Food security remains a challenge in Turkana County despite its potential. Malnutrition resulting from food insecurity is the major concern in Turkana County. Turkana County prevalence of global acute malnutrition has remained high above the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold that is 27.3%. The study was guided by sustainable development goals, the goal number two which talks about end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable development and goal number three which talks about ensuring healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Malnutrition has been and continues to be responsible for over 60% of child mortality and therefore reduction of malnutrition is one of key ways of reducing child mortality. The current study investigated the contribution of small-scale irrig...
Research Interests:
Purpose: Rural women play an essential role in the four pillars related to food security: availability, accessibility, utilization and stability. However, there is a gender gap in access to resources such as: land, energy, technology,... more
Purpose: Rural women play an essential role in the four pillars related to food security: availability, accessibility, utilization and stability. However, there is a gender gap in access to resources such as: land, energy, technology, credit, pesticides and fertilizers. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of rural women education levels to food security in Likuyani sub county, Kakamega County, Kenya. Methodology: This study was carried out in Kakamega County, Likuyani sub-county. This study used cross-cultural research design. The study population consisted of 30,685 respondents. The study sampled 395 using simple respondents using random sampling. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and focused group discussion guides. Content validity was tested by experts while reliability was tested at 0.7. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 24 and presented using APA tables. Findings: The researc...
Research Interests:
Road accidents in the Transport Industry are a threat to public health and national development in many developing countries. It contributes to poverty by deaths, injuries, disabilities, grief, lost of productivity and material damages.... more
Road accidents in the Transport Industry are a threat to public health and national development in many developing countries. It contributes to poverty by deaths, injuries, disabilities, grief, lost of productivity and material damages. This study was undertaken at Uasin-Gishu and Bungoma counties, with specific focus on Uasin-Gishu (UGC) County Hospitals, Bungoma County Hospitals, (BCH), Eldoret Police Station, Bungoma Police Station, County’s department of Transport / accidents and some road terminus in Uasin-Gishu and Bungoma counties. The study sought to identify risk factors for road accidents in transport industry in the two counties. The research established the effects of Geometry and environmental factors to accident and found the relationship between speed of a vehicle and road accidents by applying power model to estimate the impacts of road accidents, and the implications of physical factors. Physical and human factors on road accidents in two counties were investigated....
There has been a drastic increase in the use of motorcycles as a means of transport worldwide due to various reasons. In Kenya, the increased use of motorcycles has been seen over the last decade. This increase has brought forth many... more
There has been a drastic increase in the use of motorcycles as a means of transport worldwide due to various reasons. In Kenya, the increased use of motorcycles has been seen over the last decade. This increase has brought forth many challenges, including motorcycle accidents on disproportionate scale comparative to the world statistics. Indeed motorcycle accidents constitute a major cause of death and injuries to thousands of people every year. In spite of this, motorcycle accidents remain a neglected problem in Kenya. This study sought to determine the causes and trends of motorcycle accidents in Bungoma County. The study population comprised 400 people from households of motorcycle riders involved in accidents and those not involved. Key informants in the motorcycle transport industry were interviewed. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design to establish the causes, incidences/trends, and vulnerability of motorcycle accidents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were...
Research Interests:
ASAL Arid and Semi-Arid Landscapes AU Africa Union CRED Centre for Research on Epidemiology of Diseases GAM Global Acute Malnutrition GHA The Greater Horn of Africa FAO Food Agricultural Organization FARMD Forum for Agriculture Risk... more
ASAL Arid and Semi-Arid Landscapes AU Africa Union CRED Centre for Research on Epidemiology of Diseases GAM Global Acute Malnutrition GHA The Greater Horn of Africa FAO Food Agricultural Organization FARMD Forum for Agriculture Risk Management FGD Focussed Group Discussion ILRI International Livestock Research Institute NDMA National Drought Management Authority OCHA Office for Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs UNDP United Nations Development Program WHO World Health Organization
It is thought the Turkana population of the northern Kenya is the strongest nomadic pastoral community that can still bear the great hardships in 21 century. Their recurrent problems start with conflicts with neighboring ethnic groups in... more
It is thought the Turkana population of the northern Kenya is the strongest nomadic pastoral community that can still bear the great hardships in 21 century. Their recurrent problems start with conflicts with neighboring ethnic groups in and out of Kenya, recurrent drought, excessive aridity , low education, weak early warning system and absent decentralized emergency preparedness and contingency plans. The most vulnerable of this Turkana population remain the ones living along Ilemi Triangle also known as the belt of death due to excessive practices of cattle rustling among the warring populations. Adequately managing this recurrent drought in Ilemi Triangle in Turkana, Kenya ensures that the nomadic population get less vulnerability to the excessive drought impacts. Weaker drought predictability levels is evident with this population. This book provides evidenced based framework for managing the causes of vulnerability and best practices on dealing with drought in isolated populat...
Research Interests:
Cross-border marriages, referred to in this research study as transnational marriages, involved spouses from two different countries living together as husband and wife. The aim of this study was to unearth the perceptions of Tanzanian... more
Cross-border marriages, referred to in this research study as transnational marriages, involved spouses from two different countries living together as husband and wife. The aim of this study was to unearth the perceptions of Tanzanian youths towards cross-border marriages within East Africa. The study sampled participants from one of the Kenya-Tanzania border towns, namely, Arusha. A sample size of 384 was drawn from St. Augustine University of Tanzania - Arusha Centre’s student population size of 780. Multiple research methods were used to collect data for this study. The findings indicate that 30 percent gave adverse views on cross-border marriages within East Africa while 48 percent had favourable views. However, 22 percent were unsure. We conclude that those who favoured cross-border marriages within East African were more than those who were against. Key Words : Perceptions, Cross-Border Marriages, Arusha
Research Interests:
4th Annual Biosafety Conference August 13th -14th 2015 Venue: Kenya School of Monetary Studies.
Research Interests:
It has been observed that as human settlement activities in peri-urban areas increase, flooding incidents have been noted to escalate. Although the government appreciates community participation; and has encouraged and supported local... more
It has been observed that as human settlement activities in peri-urban areas increase, flooding incidents have been noted to escalate. Although the government appreciates community participation; and has encouraged and supported local community driven initiatives towards disaster response, paticipaticipation by individual households in humanitarian assistance to the disaster victims in peri-urban settlements is reported to be low. The objective of this paper was to examine the relationship between the homeowners’ environmental attitude and the level of humanitarian support given during flooding in Mavoko. The study targeted heads of household; the general public; officials of government and quasi-government institutions as well as professional and residents associations responsible for environment, settlement and disaster mitigation; leaders of religeous and community organisations and societies responsible for emergency management and humanitarian support in Machakos and Nairobi Co...
Research Interests:
Work place disasters have been a major global concern. In Kenya, media reports and literature sources indicate that the government has poor safety standards and inadequate disaster preparedness. Disruption of business activities as a... more
Work place disasters have been a major global concern. In Kenya, media reports and literature sources indicate that the government has poor safety standards and inadequate disaster preparedness. Disruption of business activities as a result of disasters can be attributed to inadequate attention to disaster risk prevention and poor management by organizations as an economic and business issue. A much closer interaction between businesses and government as well as related organizational bodies is needed to ensure appropriate risk reduction strategies and adequate measures for implementation. This paper thus evaluates the safety intervention role played by various entities and organizations in reducing the Disaster risks. Eldoret Municipality in Kenya is the area of focus given that it is one of the towns with the biggest manufacturing industries in Kenya. The authors carried out a survey of large, middle and small scale factories in Eldoret. Purposive sampling was used to select the i...
Research Interests:
Climate change is one of the biggest long term challenges to global development. It is predicted that Africa will be the hardest hit region in terms of catastrophic natural disasters. The high vulnerability of the continent to the impact... more
Climate change is one of the biggest long term challenges to global development. It is predicted that Africa will be the hardest hit region in terms of catastrophic natural disasters. The high vulnerability of the continent to the impact of climate change results from the fact that Africa as a whole has a high dependence on natural resources, poor infrastructure, pervasive poverty and weak institutional capacity to respond and mitigate environmental disasters effectively. In Kenya, Mandera County is characterized by fragile and sensitive ecosystem and, has been facing droughts, floods, epidemics, livestock diseases and conflicts whose impacts have caused devastation. The objective of this study was to determine the risks of climate change to agro- pastoral development in Mandera County, Kenya. Cluster random sampling, multistage sampling and simple random sampling were employed in the sampling strategy. Questionnaires, interview schedules, key informant questionnaires, focus group d...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Turkana County is a region of soils of high agricultural potential but aridity hinders its exploitation. It is characterized by scarce, erratic rainfall patterns. Food security remains a challenge in Turkana County despite its potential.... more
Turkana County is a region of soils of high agricultural potential but aridity hinders its exploitation. It is characterized by scarce, erratic rainfall patterns. Food security remains a challenge in Turkana County despite its potential. Malnutrition resulting from food insecurity is the major concern in Turkana County. Turkana County prevalence of global acute malnutrition has remained high above the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold that is 27.3%. The study was guided by sustainable development goals, the goal number two which talks about end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable development and goal number three which talks about ensuring healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Malnutrition has been and continues to be responsible for over 60% of child mortality and therefore reduction of malnutrition is one of key ways of reducing child mortality. The current study investigated the contribution of small-scale irrig...
Research Interests:
The study was based on data in the period 1980 – 1992 in 398 Kenyan smallholder dairy cattle herds in districts in rain-fed agricultural areas to evaluate two breeding policy options in by use of a demographic stationery state... more
The study was based on data in the period 1980 – 1992 in 398 Kenyan smallholder dairy cattle herds in districts in rain-fed agricultural areas to evaluate two breeding policy options in by use of a demographic stationery state productivity model. The first option was the sharing of imported and locally progeny tested bull semen for all the herds. The second option was the use of semen of bulls bred and tested in smallholder herds. The inputs to the model were estimated by least squares from farm data. The breed groups were:- Friesian, Ayrshire, Guernsey, Jersey, Nondescript, FL, Fs, RL Rs; and Kilifi. The model showed RL was not sustainable. However, the model confirmed the suitable breed groups’ choices to be:- Jersey, Fs, Rs, Kilifi, Fl, Nondescript and Gernsey. Moreover, it indicated that where small-scale farmers will have access to and heavy reliance on imported semen, the Jersey will be favoured but the rest of pure breeds will require the second policy option. The study estab...
Research Interests:
Road accidents in the Transport Industry are a threat to public health and national development in many developing countries. It contributes to poverty by deaths, injuries, disabilities, grief, lost of productivity and material damages.... more
Road accidents in the Transport Industry are a threat to public health and national development in many developing countries. It contributes to poverty by deaths, injuries, disabilities, grief, lost of productivity and material damages. This study was undertaken at Uasin-Gishu and Bungoma counties, with specific focus on Uasin-Gishu (UGC) County Hospitals, Bungoma County Hospitals, (BCH), Eldoret Police Station, Bungoma Police Station, County’s department of Transport / accidents and some road terminus in Uasin-Gishu and Bungoma counties. The study sought to identify risk factors for road accidents in transport industry in the two counties. The research established the effects of Geometry and environmental factors to accident and found the relationship between speed of a vehicle and road accidents by applying power model to estimate the impacts of road accidents, and the implications of physical factors. Physical and human factors on road accidents in two counties were investigated....
There has been a drastic increase in the use of motorcycles as a means of transport worldwide due to various reasons. In Kenya, the increased use of motorcycles has been seen over the last decade. This increase has brought forth many... more
There has been a drastic increase in the use of motorcycles as a means of transport worldwide due to various reasons. In Kenya, the increased use of motorcycles has been seen over the last decade. This increase has brought forth many challenges, including motorcycle accidents on disproportionate scale comparative to the world statistics. Indeed motorcycle accidents constitute a major cause of death and injuries to thousands of people every year. In spite of this, motorcycle accidents remain a neglected problem in Kenya. This study sought to determine the causes and trends of motorcycle accidents in Bungoma County. The study population comprised 400 people from households of motorcycle riders involved in accidents and those not involved. Key informants in the motorcycle transport industry were interviewed. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design to establish the causes, incidences/trends, and vulnerability of motorcycle accidents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were...
Research Interests:
ASAL Arid and Semi-Arid Landscapes AU Africa Union CRED Centre for Research on Epidemiology of Diseases GAM Global Acute Malnutrition GHA The Greater Horn of Africa FAO Food Agricultural Organization FARMD Forum for Agriculture Risk... more
ASAL Arid and Semi-Arid Landscapes AU Africa Union CRED Centre for Research on Epidemiology of Diseases GAM Global Acute Malnutrition GHA The Greater Horn of Africa FAO Food Agricultural Organization FARMD Forum for Agriculture Risk Management FGD Focussed Group Discussion ILRI International Livestock Research Institute NDMA National Drought Management Authority OCHA Office for Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs UNDP United Nations Development Program WHO World Health Organization
It is thought the Turkana population of the northern Kenya is the strongest nomadic pastoral community that can still bear the great hardships in 21 century. Their recurrent problems start with conflicts with neighboring ethnic groups in... more
It is thought the Turkana population of the northern Kenya is the strongest nomadic pastoral community that can still bear the great hardships in 21 century. Their recurrent problems start with conflicts with neighboring ethnic groups in and out of Kenya, recurrent drought, excessive aridity , low education, weak early warning system and absent decentralized emergency preparedness and contingency plans. The most vulnerable of this Turkana population remain the ones living along Ilemi Triangle also known as the belt of death due to excessive practices of cattle rustling among the warring populations. Adequately managing this recurrent drought in Ilemi Triangle in Turkana, Kenya ensures that the nomadic population get less vulnerability to the excessive drought impacts. Weaker drought predictability levels is evident with this population. This book provides evidenced based framework for managing the causes of vulnerability and best practices on dealing with drought in isolated populat...
Research Interests:
Cross-border marriages, referred to in this research study as transnational marriages, involved spouses from two different countries living together as husband and wife. The aim of this study was to unearth the perceptions of Tanzanian... more
Cross-border marriages, referred to in this research study as transnational marriages, involved spouses from two different countries living together as husband and wife. The aim of this study was to unearth the perceptions of Tanzanian youths towards cross-border marriages within East Africa. The study sampled participants from one of the Kenya-Tanzania border towns, namely, Arusha. A sample size of 384 was drawn from St. Augustine University of Tanzania - Arusha Centre’s student population size of 780. Multiple research methods were used to collect data for this study. The findings indicate that 30 percent gave adverse views on cross-border marriages within East Africa while 48 percent had favourable views. However, 22 percent were unsure. We conclude that those who favoured cross-border marriages within East African were more than those who were against. Key Words : Perceptions, Cross-Border Marriages, Arusha
Research Interests:
4th Annual Biosafety Conference August 13th -14th 2015 Venue: Kenya School of Monetary Studies.
Research Interests:
The study was based on data in the period 1980 – 1992 in 398 Kenyan smallholder dairy cattle herds in districts in rain-fed agricultural areas to evaluate two breeding policy options in by use of a demographic stationery state... more
The study was based on data in the period 1980 – 1992 in 398 Kenyan smallholder dairy cattle herds in districts in rain-fed agricultural areas to evaluate two breeding policy options in by use of a demographic stationery state productivity model. The first option was the sharing of imported and locally progeny tested bull semen for all the herds. The second option was the use of semen of bulls bred and tested in smallholder herds. The inputs to the model were estimated by least squares from farm data. The breed groups were:- Friesian, Ayrshire, Guernsey, Jersey, Nondescript, FL, Fs, RL Rs; and Kilifi. The model showed RL was not sustainable. However, the model confirmed the suitable breed groups’ choices to be:- Jersey, Fs, Rs, Kilifi, Fl, Nondescript and Gernsey. Moreover, it indicated that where small-scale farmers will have access to and heavy reliance on imported semen, the Jersey will be favoured but the rest of pure breeds will require the second policy option. The study estab...
Research Interests:
Residents of peri-urban and informal settlements are reported to have developed disaster coping mechanisms where in addition to relying on external support, local community members are able to mobilise logistics for emergency operations... more
Residents of peri-urban and informal settlements are reported to have developed disaster coping mechanisms where in addition to relying on external support, local community members are able to mobilise logistics for emergency operations and humanitarian support relying on social capital like reciprocal support among neighbours, immediate family members and wider kinship networks. However, as settlement activities in peri-urban areas increase, flooding incidents have been observed to escalate with a noted incease in the magitude of damage and the degree of emergency and humanitarian support required for the victims. The objective of this paper was to explore intervention measures that would enhance homeowners’ response to flooding in Mavoko. The study targeted heads of household; the general public; officials of government and quasi-government institutions as well as professional and residents associations responsible for environment, settlement and disaster mitigation; leaders of re...
Research Interests:
Fighting hunger in a changing world demands that we stay vigilant in the way we obtain and share information that is critical for designing and implementing hunger strategies. Lack of Food in any country in the world is of great concern.... more
Fighting hunger in a changing world demands that we stay vigilant in the way we obtain and share information that is critical for designing and implementing hunger strategies. Lack of Food in any country in the world is of great concern. For a long time Kenya government has strived to be food sufficient but all in vain. Research reports indicate that fifteen million Kenyans are food insecure with three million in constant need of food relief. For many years, the Kenya Government has strived to achieve food security through implementation of projects and security initiatives across all counties, but Bungoma county residents are still food insecure. People in Bungoma used varying coping strategies to mitigate hunger but cases of insufficient food were many. The study was done in Bungoma County and it aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of food insecurity coping strategies used by households. Questionnaires, interview schedules and group discussions were used to collec...
Research Interests:
Residents of peri-urban and informal settlements are reported to have developed disaster coping mechanisms where in addition to relying on external support, local community members are able to mobilise logistics for emergency operations... more
Residents of peri-urban and informal settlements are reported to have developed disaster coping mechanisms where in addition to relying on external support, local community members are able to mobilise logistics for emergency operations and humanitarian support relying on social capital like reciprocal support among neighbours, immediate family members and wider kinship networks. However, as settlement activities in peri-urban areas increase, flooding incidents have been observed to escalate with a noted incease in the magitude of damage and the degree of emergency and humanitarian support required for the victims. The objective of this paper was to explore intervention measures that would enhance homeowners’ response to flooding in Mavoko. The study targeted heads of household; the general public; officials of government and quasi-government institutions as well as professional and residents associations responsible for environment, settlement and disaster mitigation; leaders of re...
Research Interests:
Food safety has become a world wide concern as many diseases and deaths are due to contaminated food. Safe food is however linked to animal production including feed and water practices. Milk being a source of calcium is a highly used... more
Food safety has become a world wide concern as many diseases and deaths are due to contaminated food. Safe food is however linked to animal production including feed and water practices. Milk being a source of calcium is a highly used animal product and its quality is linked to dairy feed and water quality practices.Dairy producers have insufficient knowledge on water and feed quality practices for their dairy animals.This book deals with microbial and chemical contaminants related to milk production and their pathways.these include aflatoxins, ecoli, salmonella and heavy metals.Generally, whatever is taken in by the dairy animals impacts on the health of the animal and that of human beings who consume the animal product. The book is a special dedication to dairy farmers, agriculturalists, food scientists, chemists, Environmentalists and public health officers. A special appreciation goes to NACOSTI and KARLO Kenya who were the sponsors of this research.
Research Interests:
The rapid spread of HIV and AIDS made the government of Kenya to focus on Mechanisms and strategies of preventing the spread, mitigating its consequences and providing care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA). In this... more
The rapid spread of HIV and AIDS made the government of Kenya to focus on Mechanisms and strategies of preventing the spread, mitigating its consequences and providing care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA). In this regard education was identified as the critical means of achieving behaviour change in and out of the classroom. This study sought to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of the methods used to implement HIV and AIDS curriculum integration. The study population constituted all class eight pupils, teachers, head teachers, teacher counsellors, quality assurance and standards officers of the Ministry of Education. Both multi – stage cluster sampling and purposive sampling procedures were used to select the sample. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires, interview schedule, observation checklist and Focus Group Discussion. Secondary data was collected from documented information on HIV and AIDS curriculum integration programme. Th...
Fighting hunger in a changing world demands that we stay vigilant in the way we obtain and share information that is critical for designing and implementing hunger strategies. Lack of Food in any country in the world is of great concern.... more
Fighting hunger in a changing world demands that we stay vigilant in the way we obtain and share information that is critical for designing and implementing hunger strategies. Lack of Food in any country in the world is of great concern. For a long time Kenya government has strived to be food sufficient but all in vain. Research reports indicate that fifteen million Kenyans are food insecure with three million in constant need of food relief. For many years, the Kenya Government has strived to achieve food security through implementation of projects and security initiatives across all counties, but Bungoma county residents are still food insecure. People in Bungoma used varying coping strategies to mitigate hunger but cases of insufficient food were many. The study was done in Bungoma County and it aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of food insecurity coping strategies used by households. Questionnaires, interview schedules and group discussions were used to collec...
Research Interests:
Nzoia river is mainly rain fed and the basin is one of the regions that is highly vulnerable to climate change in Kenya. Understanding rainfall variability and trends is important for better water resources management and economic... more
Nzoia river is mainly rain fed and the basin is one of the regions that is highly vulnerable to climate change in Kenya. Understanding rainfall variability and trends is important for better water resources management and economic development in the basin. The aim of this study is to assess variability and trends in rainfall at 13 sites within Nzoia River Basin over the period, 1970 to 2001, using the parametric test of Linear regression analysis and the non-parametric Mann–Kendall statistical test. Data for this study was obtained from the Kenya Meteorological Department (KMD). The basin experiences four rainfall seasons in a year as a result of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). There are two rainy seasons and two dry seasons. Annual rainfall through Linear regression analysis shows 6 stations, Kaimosi Tea Estate Ltd, Kakamega Meteorological Station, Bungoma Water Supply, Nzoia Forest Station, Malava Forest Station and Webuye Agricultural Office with declining rainfalls. ...
Research Interests:
Food safety has become a world wide concern as many diseases and deaths are due to contaminated food. Safe food is however linked to animal production including feed and water practices. Milk being a source of calcium is a highly used... more
Food safety has become a world wide concern as many diseases and deaths are due to contaminated food. Safe food is however linked to animal production including feed and water practices. Milk being a source of calcium is a highly used animal product and its quality is linked to dairy feed and water quality practices.Dairy producers have insufficient knowledge on water and feed quality practices for their dairy animals.This book deals with microbial and chemical contaminants related to milk production and their pathways.these include aflatoxins, ecoli, salmonella and heavy metals.Generally, whatever is taken in by the dairy animals impacts on the health of the animal and that of human beings who consume the animal product. The book is a special dedication to dairy farmers, agriculturalists, food scientists, chemists, Environmentalists and public health officers. A special appreciation goes to NACOSTI and KARLO Kenya who were the sponsors of this research.
Research Interests:
Solid state nuclear track detection plays an extremely important role in the field of nuclear technology, but artificial cognition is extremely time-consuming and labor-consuming. In this paper, an automatic measurement system of solid... more
Solid state nuclear track detection plays an extremely important role in the field of nuclear technology, but artificial cognition is extremely time-consuming and labor-consuming. In this paper, an automatic measurement system of solid state nuclear track is proposed, in which the microscopic image of the nuclear track is obtained by the camera and processed digitally, and then use software to identify the image content. Based on the image restoration theory, this paper preprocesses such as noise elimination and luminance correction, and the mathematical morphology algorithm is used for track counting and parameter estimation. The comparison results between automatic recognition and manual recognition show that the algorithm can effectively identify track points from images under different conditions and improve work efficiency.
Research Interests:
The rapid spread of HIV and AIDS made the government of Kenya to focus on Mechanisms and strategies of preventing the spread, mitigating its consequences and providing care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA). In this... more
The rapid spread of HIV and AIDS made the government of Kenya to focus on Mechanisms and strategies of preventing the spread, mitigating its consequences and providing care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA). In this regard education was identified as the critical means of achieving behaviour change in and out of the classroom. This study sought to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of the methods used to implement HIV and AIDS curriculum integration. The study population constituted all class eight pupils, teachers, head teachers, teacher counsellors, quality assurance and standards officers of the Ministry of Education. Both multi – stage cluster sampling and purposive sampling procedures were used to select the sample. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires, interview schedule, observation checklist and Focus Group Discussion. Secondary data was collected from documented information on HIV and AIDS curriculum integration programme. Th...
Nzoia river is mainly rain fed and the basin is one of the regions that is highly vulnerable to climate change in Kenya. Understanding rainfall variability and trends is important for better water resources management and economic... more
Nzoia river is mainly rain fed and the basin is one of the regions that is highly vulnerable to climate change in Kenya. Understanding rainfall variability and trends is important for better water resources management and economic development in the basin. The aim of this study is to assess variability and trends in rainfall at 13 sites within Nzoia River Basin over the period, 1970 to 2001, using the parametric test of Linear regression analysis and the non-parametric Mann–Kendall statistical test. Data for this study was obtained from the Kenya Meteorological Department (KMD). The basin experiences four rainfall seasons in a year as a result of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). There are two rainy seasons and two dry seasons. Annual rainfall through Linear regression analysis shows 6 stations, Kaimosi Tea Estate Ltd, Kakamega Meteorological Station, Bungoma Water Supply, Nzoia Forest Station, Malava Forest Station and Webuye Agricultural Office with declining rainfalls. ...
Research Interests:
Solid state nuclear track detection plays an extremely important role in the field of nuclear technology, but artificial cognition is extremely time-consuming and labor-consuming. In this paper, an automatic measurement system of solid... more
Solid state nuclear track detection plays an extremely important role in the field of nuclear technology, but artificial cognition is extremely time-consuming and labor-consuming. In this paper, an automatic measurement system of solid state nuclear track is proposed, in which the microscopic image of the nuclear track is obtained by the camera and processed digitally, and then use software to identify the image content. Based on the image restoration theory, this paper preprocesses such as noise elimination and luminance correction, and the mathematical morphology algorithm is used for track counting and parameter estimation. The comparison results between automatic recognition and manual recognition show that the algorithm can effectively identify track points from images under different conditions and improve work efficiency.
Research Interests:
Early childbearing influences women's health. This study aims to examine the effects of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status of early childbearing mothers in Bangladesh based on Body Mass Index (BMI) as the indicator. Data... more
Early childbearing influences women's health. This study aims to examine the effects of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status of early childbearing mothers in Bangladesh based on Body Mass Index (BMI) as the indicator. Data was extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2011. The survey was performed on 17,842 married women aged 15-49. We focused on early childbearing mothers (age ≤ 24, and who had delivered their first child ≤ 20). Mothers who were underweight (BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m(2)) would be further classified into various grades of chronic energy deficiency (CED): mild (17.0 ≤ BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)), moderate (16.0 ≤ BMI <17.0 kg/m(2)), and severe (BMI < 16.0 kg/m(2)). Multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the effect of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status. Mean age of the mothers was 20.49 ± 2.37 years (ranged 15-24 years). The prevalence of underweight among early childbearing mothers was 32.1 % (urban 25 % and ru...
Research Interests: Criminology, Psychology, Bangladesh, Adolescent, Medicine, and 15 morePregnancy, Humans, Female, Mothers, Nutritional Status, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Public health systems and services research, Thinness, Cross Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rural Population, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
Early childbearing influences women's health. This study aims to examine the effects of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status of early childbearing mothers in Bangladesh based on Body Mass Index (BMI) as the indicator. Data... more
Early childbearing influences women's health. This study aims to examine the effects of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status of early childbearing mothers in Bangladesh based on Body Mass Index (BMI) as the indicator. Data was extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2011. The survey was performed on 17,842 married women aged 15-49. We focused on early childbearing mothers (age ≤ 24, and who had delivered their first child ≤ 20). Mothers who were underweight (BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m(2)) would be further classified into various grades of chronic energy deficiency (CED): mild (17.0 ≤ BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)), moderate (16.0 ≤ BMI <17.0 kg/m(2)), and severe (BMI < 16.0 kg/m(2)). Multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the effect of socio-demographic factors on nutritional status. Mean age of the mothers was 20.49 ± 2.37 years (ranged 15-24 years). The prevalence of underweight among early childbearing mothers was 32.1 % (urban 25 % and ru...
Research Interests: Criminology, Psychology, Bangladesh, Adolescent, Medicine, and 15 morePregnancy, Humans, Female, Mothers, Nutritional Status, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Public health systems and services research, Thinness, Cross Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rural Population, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
Research Interests: Kinetics, Virology, Macrophages, Biological Sciences, Mutagenesis, and 15 moreFemale, Animals, Glycoproteins, Solubility, Monocytes, European rabbit, Disease Progression, Rabbits, Antiviral Activity, Acute Phase Response, Academic, Mortality rate, Viral Load, Myxoma virus, and Medical and Health Sciences
Background — Intravascular ultrasound elastography assesses the local strain of the atherosclerotic vessel wall. In the present study, the potential to identify different plaque components in vivo was investigated. Methods and Results —... more
Background — Intravascular ultrasound elastography assesses the local strain of the atherosclerotic vessel wall. In the present study, the potential to identify different plaque components in vivo was investigated. Methods and Results — Atherosclerotic external iliac and femoral arteries (n=24) of 6 Yucatan pigs were investigated. Before termination, elastographic data were acquired with a 20-MHz Visions catheter. Two frames acquired at end-diastole with a pressure differential of ≈4 mm Hg were acquired to obtain the elastograms. Before dissection, x-ray was used to identify the arterial segments that had been investigated by ultrasound. Specimens were stained for collagen, fat, and macrophages. Plaques were classified as absent, early fibrous lesion, early fatty lesion, or advanced fibrous plaque. The average strains in the plaque-free arterial wall (0.21%) and the early (0.24%) and advanced fibrous plaques (0.22%) were similar. Higher average strain values were observed in fatty l...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Education was identified as the critical means of achieving behaviour change in and out of the classroom in order to prevent and mitigate the spread of HIV and AIDS among the youth. This study sought to investigate the constraints during... more
Education was identified as the critical means of achieving behaviour change in and out of the classroom in order to prevent and mitigate the spread of HIV and AIDS among the youth. This study sought to investigate the constraints during HIV and AIDS curriculum implementation, the study was guided by social cognitive approach theories, survey and evaluation research designs. The study population constituted all class eight pupils, teachers, head teachers, teacher counsellors, quality assurance and standards officers of the Ministry of Education. Both multi – stage cluster sampling and purposive sampling procedures were used to select the sample. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires, interview schedule, observation checklist and Focus Group Discussion. Secondary data was collected from documented information on HIV and AIDS curriculum integration programme. The established that Constraints facing implementation of HIV and AIDS curriculum integration program in...