The first commercial use of synthetic pesticides for crop protection dates back to the 1940s, followed by a fast spread of their use and the development of a large number of compounds. In contrast to synthetic pesticides that are now... more
The first commercial use of synthetic pesticides for crop protection dates back to the 1940s, followed by a fast spread of their use and the development of a large number of compounds. In contrast to synthetic pesticides that are now designed with the help of artificial intelligence, which includes computational science and combinatorial chemistry, natural pesticides are the results of long evolutionary processes involving specific host-pathogen, predator-prey, and competitor interactions. For these reasons, natural pesticides are often more specific and less harmful to the environment. Natural pesticides are very diverse and can be found in various living organisms. In the present study, we investigated differences in the physicochemical space occupied by synthetic and natural pesticides. In this respect, we measured the mean and breadth of synthetic and natural pesticides, as well as the overlap between these groups in a reduced physicochemical space derived from a set of 44 physi...
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Chemical investigation of a dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Waltheria indica led to the isolation and characterization of five polyhydroxymethoxyflavonoids, namely, oxyanin A (1), vitexicarpin (3), chrysosplenol E (4),... more
Chemical investigation of a dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Waltheria indica led to the isolation and characterization of five polyhydroxymethoxyflavonoids, namely, oxyanin A (1), vitexicarpin (3), chrysosplenol E (4), flindulatin (5), 5-hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (6), and six quinolone alkaloids, waltheriones M-Q (2, 7, 8, 10, 11) and 5(R)-vanessine (9). Among these, compounds 2, 7, 8, 10, and 11 have not yet been described in the literature. Their chemical structures were established by means of spectroscopic data interpretation including (1)H and (13)C, HSQC, HMBC, COSY, and NOESY NMR experiments and UV, IR, and HRESIMS. The absolute configurations of the compounds were established by ECD. The isolated constituents and 10 additional quinoline alkaloids previously isolated from the roots of the plant were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, and 10 compounds (7, 9, 11-16, 18, 21) showed growth...
Research Interests: Natural Products, Microscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biology, Flavonoids, and 15 moreMedicine, Niger, Biological Sciences, Humans, Electron, Candida albicans, Alkaloids, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Antifungal Agents, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Alkaloid, HeLa, Biomolecular, Molecular Structure, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Stilbene dimers are well-known for their diverse biological activities. In particular, previous studies have demonstrated the high antibacterial potential of a series of trans-δ-viniferin-related compounds against gram-positive bacteria... more
Stilbene dimers are well-known for their diverse biological activities. In particular, previous studies have demonstrated the high antibacterial potential of a series of trans-δ-viniferin-related compounds against gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The trans-δ-viniferin scaffold has multiple chemical functions and can therefore be modified in various ways to generate derivatives. Here we report the synthesis of 40 derivatives obtained by light isomerization, O-methylation, halogenation and dimerization of other stilbene monomers. The antibacterial activities of all generated trans-δ-viniferin derivatives were evaluated against S. aureus and information on their structure–activity relationships (SAR) was obtained using a linear regression model. Our results show how several parameters, such as the O-methylation pattern and the presence of halogen atoms at specific positions, can determine the antibacterial activity. Taken together, these results can serve as a star...
The Wnt signaling pathway controls multiple events during embryonic development of multicellular animals and is carcinogenic when aberrantly activated in adults. Breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in particular depend... more
The Wnt signaling pathway controls multiple events during embryonic development of multicellular animals and is carcinogenic when aberrantly activated in adults. Breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in particular depend upon Wnt pathway overactivation. Despite this importance, no Wnt pathway-targeting drugs are currently available, which necessitates novel approaches to search for therapeutically relevant compounds targeting this oncogenic pathway. Stilbene analogs represent an under-explored field of therapeutic natural products research. In the present work, a library of complex stilbene derivatives was obtained through biotransformation of a mixture of resveratrol and pterostilbene using the enzymatic secretome of Botrytis cinerea. To improve the chemodiversity, the reactions were performed using i-PrOH, n-BuOH, i-BuOH, EtOH, or MeOH as cosolvents. Using this strategy, a series of 73 unusual derivatives was generated distributed among 6 scaffolds; 55 derivatives...
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In this study, a series of complex phenylpropanoid derivatives were obtained by chemoenzymatic biotransformation of ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and a mixture of both acids using the enzymatic secretome of Botrytis cinerea. These... more
In this study, a series of complex phenylpropanoid derivatives were obtained by chemoenzymatic biotransformation of ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and a mixture of both acids using the enzymatic secretome of Botrytis cinerea. These substrates were incubated with fungal enzymes, and the reactions were monitored using state-of-the-art analytical methods. Under such conditions, a series of dimers, trimers, and tetramers were generated. The reactions were optimized and scaled up. The resulting mixtures were purified by high-resolution semi-preparative HPLC combined with dry load introduction. This approach generated a series of 23 phenylpropanoid derivatives, 11 of which are described here for the first time. These compounds are divided into 12 dimers, 9 trimers (including a completely new structural scaffold), and 2 tetramers. Elucidation of their structures was performed with classical spectroscopic methods such as NMR and HRESIMS analyses. The resulting compound series were analyzed for...
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The fungal communities associated with fi ve Vitis vinifera cultivars grown in Switzerland (‘Humagne’, ‘Chasselas’, ‘Arvine’, ‘Gamaret’ and ‘Gamay’) were examined. Of the 703 fungal isolates obtained in pure culture, 66 operational... more
The fungal communities associated with fi ve Vitis vinifera cultivars grown in Switzerland (‘Humagne’, ‘Chasselas’, ‘Arvine’, ‘Gamaret’ and ‘Gamay’) were examined. Of the 703 fungal isolates obtained in pure culture, 66 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were defi ned. The results show that: the great majority of the fungi isolated in this study were ascomycetes, with a high proportion of Sordariomycetes (mainly Hypocreales, Sordariales and Diaporthales); different fungal OTUs were associated with different cultivars; graft and rootstock contributed equally to the fungal community composition; Esca- or Petri-related species occurred sporadically in the different cultivars, with some of them occupying specifi c tissues or parts of the plant (e.g.: Botryosphaeriaceous species, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phomopsis viticola ); almost 25% of OTUs occurred in different plant parts in most cultivars, which suggests an easy spread outwards from the infected material (graft or rootstock...
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En 2015, Agroscope a conduit une enquete internationale lancee par l’association francaise Lien de la Vigne (Vinelink International, www.liendelavigne.org/). Ce sondage portait sur les preoccupations des viticulteurs et des scientifiques... more
En 2015, Agroscope a conduit une enquete internationale lancee par l’association francaise Lien de la Vigne (Vinelink International, www.liendelavigne.org/). Ce sondage portait sur les preoccupations des viticulteurs et des scientifiques au sujet des maladies du bois de la vigne. La presente publication resume les points forts de cette enquete et presente les directions de recherche adoptees par Agroscope pour repondre a ces preoccupations en fonction des connaissances actuelles sur ces maladies. Elle vise aussi a familiariser les viticulteurs et le public a la problematique complexe des maladies du bois de la vigne.
Research Interests: Humanities and Art
Grapevine breeding is the most effective way to create cultivars resistant to downy mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ), and to reduce the number of fungicide applications. Four criteria, including histological and biochemical analyses, based... more
Grapevine breeding is the most effective way to create cultivars resistant to downy mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ), and to reduce the number of fungicide applications. Four criteria, including histological and biochemical analyses, based on the level of different mechanisms of resistance to grapevine downy mildew, were tested on 42 different cultivars. Plantlets were artificially inoculated with downy mildew and the sporangia density was measured spectrophotometrically 6 d after infection. Callose synthesis in stomata and δ- and e-viniferin levels at the site of infection were recorded 48 h after inoculation. These observations have allowed the 42 cultivars to be divided into 5 groups: very resistant (VR), resistant (R), less susceptible (LS), susceptible (S) and highly susceptible (HS). All 4 criteria have to be applied to assign the resistance level closer to field conditions. This method allows to rapidly evaluate the level of resistance of seedlings to downy mildew thereby leadi...
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Of thirty-nine Botrytis cinerea isolates originating in different host-plants and grown in pure cultures, twenty-six produced abundant grey aerial mycelium and sporulated intensely, whilst thirteen produced a thin mycelial layer, abundant... more
Of thirty-nine Botrytis cinerea isolates originating in different host-plants and grown in pure cultures, twenty-six produced abundant grey aerial mycelium and sporulated intensely, whilst thirteen produced a thin mycelial layer, abundant sclerotia and secreted an unidentified yellow pigment in PDA culture media. The commonly used C729 +/– primers (5’-AGCTCGAGAGAGATCTCTGA-3’; 5’-CTGCAATGTTCTGCGTGGAA-3’) designed to detect B. cinerea did not amplify the DNA fragment of 0.73 kb in this smaller group of strains under standard conditions, whereas a shorter DNA fragment (0.60 kb) was amplified at a lower annealing temperature (50°C). This fragment was sequenced and two new internal primers were designed, BC108 + (5’-ACCCGCACCTAATTCGTCAAC-3’) and BC563 – (5’-GGGTCTTCGATACGGGAGAA-3’). These new primers were used to amplify a DNA fragment of 0.48 kb for the main group of 26 B. cinerea strains and a shorter fragment (0.36 kb) for the smaller group of 13 strains due to a deletion of 0.12 kb, ...
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The effects of stilbenes (resveratrol, δ- and e-viniferins, and pterostilbene) on the mobility of zoospores of Plasmopara viticola and on subsequent disease development were studied in vitro . δ-viniferin and pterostilbene are the most... more
The effects of stilbenes (resveratrol, δ- and e-viniferins, and pterostilbene) on the mobility of zoospores of Plasmopara viticola and on subsequent disease development were studied in vitro . δ-viniferin and pterostilbene are the most toxic stilbenes concerning zoospore mobility (ED 50 : 14.6 and 28.3 μM) and disease development (ED 50 : 14.7 and 12.7 μM). The analysis of stilbenes in leaf cells of resistant (Solaris) and susceptible (Chasselas) grape cultivars artificially inoculated with P. viticola has shown that very high amounts of stilbenic phytoalexins accumulate at the site of infection of the resistant cultivar compared to the susceptible one.
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The Wnt signaling pathway controls multiple events during embryonic development of multicellular animals and is carcinogenic when aberrantly activated in adults. Breast cancers are dependent on Wnt pathway overactivation mostly through... more
The Wnt signaling pathway controls multiple events during embryonic development of multicellular animals and is carcinogenic when aberrantly activated in adults. Breast cancers are dependent on Wnt pathway overactivation mostly through dysregulation of pathway component protein expression, which necessitates the search for therapeutically relevant compounds targeting them. Highly diverse microorganisms as endophytes represent an underexplored field in the therapeutic natural products research. In the present work, the objective was to explore the chemical diversity and presence of selective Wnt inhibitors within a unique collection of fungi isolated as foliar endophytes from the long-lived tropical palmAstrocaryum sciophilum. The fungi were cultured, extracted with ethyl acetate, and screened for their effects on the Wnt pathway and cell proliferation. The endophytic strainLasiodiplodia venezuelensiswas prioritized for scaled-up fractionation based on its selective activity. Applica...
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Aims: The aim of the present study was to analyse the impact of different water regimes on the physiological and agronomical behavior of an aromatic white grapevine (cv. Arvine) by means of various levels of irrigation. The consequences... more
Aims: The aim of the present study was to analyse the impact of different water regimes on the physiological and agronomical behavior of an aromatic white grapevine (cv. Arvine) by means of various levels of irrigation. The consequences of the plant water status were evaluated by carrying out a chemical (aromatic precursors) and sensorial analysis of the resulting wines.Methods and results: Adult vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Arvine grafted onto 5BB were subjected to different water regimes (various levels of irrigation) during the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status [pre-dawn leaf (ΨPD) and stem (ΨSTEM) water potentials and carbon isotope composition (d13C) in the must]. Gas exchange (net photosynthesis AN and transpiration E), stomatal conductance (gs), yield parameters, berry composition at harvest, analysis of potential grape aromatic properties (glycosyl-glucose G-G, precursor 3-mercaptohexanol P 3-MH) and the sensorial quality ...
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Une alternative aux traitements phytosanitaires pour lutter contre le mildiou et l'oïdium de la vigne est le développement de variétés résistantes. Leur création doit intégrer non seulement le niveau de résistance mais également sa... more
Une alternative aux traitements phytosanitaires pour lutter contre le mildiou et l'oïdium de la vigne est le développement de variétés résistantes. Leur création doit intégrer non seulement le niveau de résistance mais également sa durabilité, ainsi que les performances agronomiques notamment la productivité et la composition des baies qui doit convenir à la production de vins de haute qualité. L'Inra (France) a engagé le programme de sélection ResDur, basé sur le pyramidage des facteurs de résistance, en 2000. Il a conduit à l'inscription au catalogue français d'une première série de variétés à résistance polygénique – Artaban, Floreal, Vidoc, Voltis – en 2018. Agroscope (Suisse) a démarré la création de variétés résistantes en 1996, en mobilisant les résistances portées par des variétés allemandes, principalement Bronner. Un premier aboutissement a été l'homologation en Suisse de Divico et Divona, respectivement en 2013 et 2018. En 2009 l'Inra et Agroscope ...
Research Interests: Humanities and Forestry
The negative effects of plant protection products on the human health and the environment have become a major concern for consumers and politics in Europe. In the last years new policies for risk mitigation and reduction of use of... more
The negative effects of plant protection products on the human health and the environment have become a major concern for consumers and politics in Europe. In the last years new policies for risk mitigation and reduction of use of synthetic pesticides has been enforce in Europe and Switzerland. A possible strategy to reduce the use of plant protection products is to spray according to the epidemic of diseases and pests by following decision support systems (DSS). The platform VitiMeteo offers a wide set of forecasting models for viticulture including downy and powdery mildew, black rot, grape berry moth and rust mite. Two research institutes the Staatliches Weinbauinstitut Freiburg (Germany) and Agroscope (Switzerland) developed VitiMeteo jointly. A consortium was built with the company Geosens (Germany) which is in charge of the programming of the different forecasting software. Each institute is running his own internet website with specific tools and feature for each country but ...
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Defoliation of the vines consists of eliminating the leaves in the grape bunch zone in a more or less intensive manner. It is a long-proven prophylactic technique that has seen a renewed interest in the current context of the reduction of... more
Defoliation of the vines consists of eliminating the leaves in the grape bunch zone in a more or less intensive manner. It is a long-proven prophylactic technique that has seen a renewed interest in the current context of the reduction of phytosanitary inputs. However, several questions remain. Which is the optimal period? What is the ideal intensity? What are the risks? Is the mechanization of this process a feasible option? Agroscope has been undertaking defoliation trials in Switzerland since 2010 in order to shed light on these questions.
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Aim: The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of early defoliation on cv. Chasselas under the temperate conditions of Switzerland, with particular attention to berry anatomical traits and wine sensory parameters.Methods... more
Aim: The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of early defoliation on cv. Chasselas under the temperate conditions of Switzerland, with particular attention to berry anatomical traits and wine sensory parameters.Methods and results: Defoliation (removal of 6 basal leaves + 6 lateral shoots per shoot) was completed during three developmental stages of grapevine, i.e., pre-flowering, late flowering and bunch closure, and at two intensity levels. The experimentation was performed repeatedly over four years. In addition to vintage effect, pre-flowering defoliation had a consistent impact on vine agronomic behaviour. The yield was highly affected by the technique (more than 30% loss). Earlier and more intense defoliation had more impact on yield, while post-berry-set defoliation had no effect on yield. Intensive defoliation also modified berry skin thickness and had a positive impact inhibiting Botrytis development. Wine composition and sensory analysis were not affected ...
Research Interests: Chemistry, Horticulture, Biology, Cultivar, Vine, and 4 morePruning, Berry, Temperate Climate, and Shoot
Aims: The aim of this research was to study the physiological and agronomical behaviors (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor, mineral supply, and yield components) of the Chasselas grapevine subjected to different water regimes during the... more
Aims: The aim of this research was to study the physiological and agronomical behaviors (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor, mineral supply, and yield components) of the Chasselas grapevine subjected to different water regimes during the growing season. The resulting grape and wine qualities were also determined.Methods and results: Adult vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chasselas (clone 14/33-4, grafted onto 5BB) were subjected to different water regimes (various levels of irrigation) during the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status [the predawn leaf (. Leaf photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), vulnerability to cavitation, yield parameters, berry composition at harvest, and organoleptic quality of wines were analyzed over a period of eight consecutive years between 2009 and 2016, under the relatively dry conditions of the Canton of Wallis, Switzerland.In non-irrigated vines, the progressively increasing water ...
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Aims: The development of a rapid and reliable direct PCR method to detect fungal propagules in grapevine tissues without prior DNA purification steps, and illustration of its potential use with different examples.Methods and results:... more
Aims: The development of a rapid and reliable direct PCR method to detect fungal propagules in grapevine tissues without prior DNA purification steps, and illustration of its potential use with different examples.Methods and results: Different grapevine samples crushed in the presence of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) were used as templates for direct PCR amplification with primers specifie for Erysiphe necator, Plasmopara viticola, Botrytis cinerea and Vitis vinifera. Sequencing of the PCR products confirmed the specificity of the amplifications. The sensitivity tested using conidia/sporangia dilution series was high, ranging from five sporangia for P. viticola to one conidium for E. necator. The potential of this technique is illustrated through the study of four epidemiological questions. Fungal propagules were observed in dormant buds using microscopy, but the responsible species could not be identified. Direct PCR revealed the presence of E. necator and B. cinerea in 29 % and ...
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Aim: The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of defoliation on cv. Pinot noir under the mild-climate conditions of Switzerland, with particular attention to berry anatomical traits and wine sensory parameters.Methods and... more
Aim: The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of defoliation on cv. Pinot noir under the mild-climate conditions of Switzerland, with particular attention to berry anatomical traits and wine sensory parameters.Methods and results: Defoliation (removal of 6 basal leaves + 6 lateral shoots per shoot) was completed at three developmental stages of grapevine, i.e., pre-flowering, late flowering and bunch closure. These experimentations were performed repeatedly over six years. In addition to the vintage effect, pre-flowering defoliation had a consistent impact on vine agronomic behaviour. The yield was highly affected by the technique (-30 %). The berry skin thickness doubled, and the polyphenol concentration increased significantly. The free glutathione concentration in the must decreased.Conclusion: Leaf removal at early pre-flowering stage had tremendous consequences on the vine agronomic performance, mainly to the detriment of berry set, thus having a great impact on...
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Research Interests: Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Free Radicals, Biology, Metabolomics, and 15 moreMedicine, Antioxidant, Cannabis, Liquid Chromatography / Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Molecules, Plant extracts, Vitis, Cissus, Vitaceae, LC MS, Metabolite, Metabolome, Plant Leaves, Ultraviolet Rays, and Phenylpropanoid
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The degree of resistance to downy mildew of grape varieties belonging to the oenological tradition of Central Italy was evaluated by the analysis of plant responses to pathogen infections carried out in natural and controlled... more
The degree of resistance to downy mildew of grape varieties belonging to the oenological tradition of Central Italy was evaluated by the analysis of plant responses to pathogen infections carried out in natural and controlled environments. Leaf morphological traits, such as hair and stomatal density, were determined for each variety, and the percentage of infected stomata and pathogen colonization of host mesophyll at 24, 48, and 72 hours post inoculation were assessed by epifluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, stilbene production at the site of Plasmopara viticola infection was analyzed at 72 hours post inoculation. Results indicate differences in resistance to downy mildew among selected varieties. Different significant values were detected among grapevines in the percentage of infected stomata and average number of successfully penetrated zoospores per stomata and per leaf surface unit. Differences also emerged in the rate of pathogen growth and stilbene production, signifying t...
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Leaves of different Vitis vinifera cultivars, susceptible ('Chasselas' and '2185'), less susceptible ('2142') or resistant to downy mildew ('Solaris' and '2091'), were inoculated with four different... more
Leaves of different Vitis vinifera cultivars, susceptible ('Chasselas' and '2185'), less susceptible ('2142') or resistant to downy mildew ('Solaris' and '2091'), were inoculated with four different concentrations of an aqueous sporangia suspension of Plasmopara viticola (5 × 105, 2 × 105, 6 × 104 and 2 × 104 sporangia·ml-1). The infection rate of these samples was then examined by light microscopy and synthesis of stilbenes was analysed at infection sites. Infection rate increased parallel with inoculum concentration, but there was no correlation between the infection rate and resistance to P. viticola. Moreover, at the lowest inoculum concentration, the infection rate is similar for susceptible and resistant grapevine varieties. Quantification of stilbenes at 72 hpi showed that at the lowest inoculum concentration, the most susceptible grape variety synthesized the largest amount of stilbenes, whose level remained however below the ED50 valu...
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Le folletage des grappes est un accident physiologique qui semble en recrudescence depuis plus d’une dizaine d’annees dans les vignobles septentrionaux, notamment en Europe. Il se caracterise par une interruption des processus normaux de... more
Le folletage des grappes est un accident physiologique qui semble en recrudescence depuis plus d’une dizaine d’annees dans les vignobles septentrionaux, notamment en Europe. Il se caracterise par une interruption des processus normaux de la maturation, qui laisse les grappes peu sucrees et tres acides (Krasnow et al. 2009; Knoll et al. 2010). La synthese des aromes et des composes colorants de la baie est egalement perturbee (Bondada et Keller 2007; Krasnow et al. 2009). Les symptomes peuvent apparaitre deja peu apres la veraison et ont ete observes chez un grand nombre de cepages, dont le Pinot noir, le Gamay, le Cabernet sauvignon, le Gruner Veltliner, le Sauvignon (blanc et gris) et d’autres encore. En Suisse, le Chasselas et des varietes cultivees localement comme l’Humagne rouge et le Cornalin presentent egalement une sensibilite elevee a cet accident. Chez les cepages rouges, les grappes restent generalement roses, notamment lorsque le phenomene intervient tot durant la matura...
Research Interests: Humanities and Art
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Research Interests: Humanities and Biology
ABSTRACT In natural product research, the search of new sources of compounds is a key element. In this respect microorganisms have provided a large number of biologically active molecules [1]. Recently, the use of fungal co-culture for... more
ABSTRACT In natural product research, the search of new sources of compounds is a key element. In this respect microorganisms have provided a large number of biologically active molecules [1]. Recently, the use of fungal co-culture for the induction of new natural products has emerged as a new field in drug discovery [2]. A key point for the success of such studies is the development of co-culture experiments that provide high reproducibility of metabolite induction pattern and that are compatible with high throughput analytical procedure for the screening of a large number of mono-colture and co-culture samples and further data mining. To tackle this issue, a method based on 12-well plate miniaturized Petri dishes compatible with high throughput UHPLC-TOF-MS metabolomics [3] has been developed. Various culture condition parameters were optimized for fungal growth such as culture medium volume and culture duration. This strategy was used to screen for metabolite induction and study their dynamics in the co-cultures of soil fungus Aspergillus clavatus and a systemic human pathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. This approach provided a satisfactory reproducibility and was used for the identification of induced biomarkers. This study demonstrates the consistent induction of new metabolites through co-culture. Moreover, upscaling of the co-cultures conditions to large Petri dishes shows that the main induced metabolites were also produced allowing their purification for further de novo identification and evaluation of their bioactivity. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation Sinergia Grant CRSII3_127187 (to J.-L. W., K. G. and M. M.). [1] Berdy J, J. Antibiot. 2005, 58, 1. [2] Glauser G et al., J. Agr. Food. Chem., 2009, 57, 1127. [3] Bertrand S et al., J. Chromatography A , in press , 2013
Research Interests: Phytochemistry, Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, Biology, Medicine, and 15 moreBiological Sciences, Animals, Candida albicans, Bioassay, Rubiaceae, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Moths, Antifungal Agents, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Galleria Mellonella, Molecular Structure, Medical and Health Sciences, Biological products, and Broth Microdilution
Stilbenic phytoalexins are key defence molecules implicated in the resistance of grapevine cultivars to three major fungal pathogens, Botrytis cinerea (grey mould of grape), Plamopara viticola (downy mildew) and Erysiphe necator (powdery... more
Stilbenic phytoalexins are key defence molecules implicated in the resistance of grapevine cultivars to three major fungal pathogens, Botrytis cinerea (grey mould of grape), Plamopara viticola (downy mildew) and Erysiphe necator (powdery mildew). HPLC analysis of ...
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Research Interests: Plant Biology, Fluorescence Microscopy, Biology, Apoptosis, Medicine, and 15 morePlant diseases, Protease, Animals, Disease resistance, Oomycetes, Soil sciences, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Haustorium, Protease Inhibitors, Proteases, Downy Mildew, Plant Leaves, Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors, Leucine, and Cysteine Protease
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Ultraviolet-C irradiation as a method to induce the production of plant compounds with antifungal properties was investigated in the leaves of 18 plant species. A susceptibility assay to determine the antifungal susceptibility of... more
Ultraviolet-C irradiation as a method to induce the production of plant compounds with antifungal properties was investigated in the leaves of 18 plant species. A susceptibility assay to determine the antifungal susceptibility of filamentous fungi was developed based on an agar dilution series in microtiter plates. UV irradiation strongly induced antifungal properties in five species against a clinical Fusarium solani strain that was responsible for an onychomycosis case that was resistant to classic pharmacological treatment. The antifungal properties of three additional plant species were either unaffected or reduced by UV-C irradiation. This study demonstrates that UV-C irradiation is an effective means of modulating the antifungal activity of very diverse plants from a screening perspective.