Abdoulaye Kébé

This paper proposes a comparative study of conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic controllers for the temperature control of an electric oven. This study gives an overview of conventional PID and fuzzy logic controllers to investigate their applicability on the temperature control of an electric oven. This study is all the more important as the PID controller is mainly used for a system control when the mathematical representation is known; contrary to the fuzzy logic control concept, which is more and more used in applications and does not require a model. To compare the performances of the two controllers, a reference temperature of 100° is fixed for an electric oven of dimensions (Length: 150 cm, Width: 131 cm, Depth: 150 cm) with a frontal opening. The simulation results performed under Matlab-Simulink were compared in terms of control performance, including steady state error, response time and system stability. The evaluation shows that the fuzzy logic controller provides the best performance.

This paper aims to design a controlled voltage stabilizer to protect domestic appliances from voltage dips in electrical power distribution. Voltage dips are recurrent and become a concern for distributors and consumers. Voltage dips affect the power quality and can have a negative impact on the proper functioning of domestic appliances and other sensitive electronic equipment. Today, this problem has become central and recent measurements show that voltage dips can reach 35 to 40 % in some regions of Senegal. Therefore, this work is mainly focused on the design of a single-phase CVS, using control methodologies based on PI controllers that can effectively handle large voltage dips. The proposed controlled voltage stabilizer consists of a fully controlled AC-AC power converter, based on a single-phase boost rectifier connected to a single-phase PWM inverter with control laws. The design and the control laws adopted were carried out taking into account the characteristics of the electric power distribution, as well as the domestic loads. The robustness and effectiveness of the controlled voltage stabilizer are verified by carrying out simulations in the Matlab simulink environment in various operating cases using real measurements of voltages with different types of electrical loads. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed stabilizer. Furthermore, it enables the protection of domestic appliances by keeping the voltage level stable within a specified range around the rated value regardless of voltage dips.

This paper presents the control of a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG) for low voltage DC grid with the objective of efficiency maximizing. Analysis of the energy conversion, including electrical machine losses (Joule, magnetic, mechanical) and power converter losses (switching and conduction), has shown that there is an optimal combination of control variables (turn-on and conduction angles, phase current reference), which maximizes the drive efficiency. The control variables are derived from a Finite Element Analysis and parametric optimization algorithm for all of the operating points in the torque-speed plane and stored in lookup tables. The performances are evaluated with intensive numerical simulations and experimental tests with a 8/6 SRG feeding a DC resistive load for different rotational speeds. The results show good performances of the output DC voltage control with low ripples, even in the presence of speed and load variations. Thanks to the optimization, simulation re...

La crise énergétique marquée par une flambée des prix du pétrole et les impératifs d’un développement durable font des énergies renouvelables une alternative qui suscitent aujourd'hui l’intérêt de plusieurs équipes de recherches. Le Sénégal, pays subsaharien, non producteur de pétrole n’est pas épargné par cette crise. Celle-ci se traduit par, une faible couverture du pays (en particulier les zones rurales) par le réseau électrique national. Pour faire face à cela, la nouvelle orientation en matière de politique énergétique met l’accent sur l’utilisation des énergies renouvelables notamment, le solaire et l’éolienne. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de dégager une méthodologie de conception d’un site isolé de production d’énergie électrique à partir des énergies alternatives. Il s'agit à partir des caractéristiques d’un site (ressources d’énergie disponibles, besoins énergétiques) de :- mettre en place une démarche qui permette le choix d’une architecture du résea...

This work presents the design of a shunt solar regulator used in photovoltaic systems. The shunt solar regulator rst allows to adapt batteries with voltages higher than that of the solar panel, then to protect the batteries against the phenomena of overload and deep discharge and nally to ensure the continuation of the maximum power point by the method «perturbation & observation ». Indeed, from the model of the BOOST converter existing in the literature we have developed and calculated its various parameters. The simulations carried out with Matlab/Simulink have made it possible to optimize the production of the PV eld and to clarify the fact that the PV eld can operate at its maximum power point if it is interfaced by a converter which seeks at all times the maximum power

This article proposes a method of management and control of a continuous bus powered by renewable energies for autonomous applications. The DC bus is obtained from two systems of renewable sources (the solar system and the wind system) and storage battery (Lithium Ion). The continuous bus control and management procedure require efficiency in the control of the charge and discharge of the battery according to the load energy demand (DC Motor). The battery charging process is non-linear, varying over time with considerable delay, so it is difficult to achieve the best performance on control with energy management using traditional control approaches. A fuzzy control strategy is used in this article for battery control. To improve battery life, fuzzy control manages the desired state of charge (SOC). The entire system designed is modeled and simulated on MATLAB/Simulink Environment.

The development of micro-grids has grown significantly in recent years. Indeed, face to a more and more announced depletion of oil resources, more researches are conducted on electricity production using renewable energies. The design of a multi sources plant includes two aspects: sizing and control of the system. The purpose of this paper is to show the relevance in the implementation of a hybrid power plant using renewable energy resources. The sizing is done to minimize the Annualized Cost of System (ACS) under the constraints related to the components and the availability of the energy measured with the Loss of Power Supply Probability. Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) is used for the modelling and the control whereas Genetic Algorithm is used for optimization purposes. An energy management strategy maintains the availability of the system while ensuring the safety of the installation.

This paper deals with the optimization of the annualized least cost of energy of an AC coupled hybrid system designed for remote villages with very low incomes. First, the electrification status and renewable resources in Laos and Senegal are briefly highlighted. Then, as an example, the paper focuses on the design of a hybrid system composed of a pico hydroelectric turbines, PV panels and energy storage devices for a village in Northern Laos. For the optimization, a genetic algorithm is used, taking into account the forced outage rates (FOR) of pico hydroelectric turbines. Finally, the results of the system sizing are presented and concluded. RESUME – Cet article traite de l’optimisation d’un site de production d’energie electrique pour des villages en milieu rural. Le faible revenu des habitants oblige a trouver une solution optimale du point de vue du cout de l’energie produite. L’approche utilisee s’appuie d’abord sur une analyse des energies renouvelables disponibles et des moy...