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Stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) of capsicum which is also called as collar rot or southern blight is one of the serious diseases in capsicum that severely brings down the yield in all the major capsicum growing areas in Karnataka.... more
Stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) of capsicum which is also called as collar rot or southern blight is one of the serious diseases in capsicum that severely brings down the yield in all the major capsicum growing areas in Karnataka. Among the several management practices, managing the disease with fungicides is the most effective means. In the present investigation twelve fungicides that included three systemic, six combi products and three contact fungicides were evaluated against S. rolfsii in vitro. Among the fungicides, hexaconazole, difenoconazole, propiconazole, propiconazole + difenoconazole, tricyclazole + hexaconazole, hexaconazole + captan, zineb + hexaconazole and thiram were highly effective even at least concentration of 25 ppm tested and also in subsequent concentrations of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm showing 100 per cent inhibition. Further, among the eight promising fungicides based on in vitro results, six fungicides were evaluated against stem rot of capsic...
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An experiment was carried out to screen resistance of capsicum against S. rolfsii. Fourteen capsicum varieties/ hybrids were collected from different sources and were evaluated at College of Horticulture, Bengaluru, Karnataka during... more
An experiment was carried out to screen resistance of capsicum against S. rolfsii. Fourteen capsicum varieties/ hybrids were collected from different sources and were evaluated at College of Horticulture, Bengaluru, Karnataka during kharif 2018 to identify sources of genetic resistance against stem rot disease. The pathogen was isolated from diseased capsicum plants collected during survey at seedling and vegetative stage of the crop, purified and maintained on PDA for further screening process. Mass culture of the pathogen was prepared on sorghum grains media and inoculated at collar region of capsicum plant, at 30 days after transplanting in the earthen pots. Out of fourteen capsicum varieties/ hybrids viz., Red Inspiration and Delisha exhibited immunity against stem rot, whereas Pusa Deepti, Solon Hybrid- 2 and Nemlite expressed resistance, Green Pasarella and NS-280 moderately resistance, Green Massilia, Yellow Bachata, NS-292, NS-281, Apoorva and Asha were found to be susceptib...
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Research Interests:
The recent revolution world over for 'open access' aims to curb the policy of 'no subscription no information access'. Talking economics, the annual per capita income of an average Indian is US$ 530 (ref. 3) and that... more
The recent revolution world over for 'open access' aims to curb the policy of 'no subscription no information access'. Talking economics, the annual per capita income of an average Indian is US$ 530 (ref. 3) and that of a Britisher is US$ 27,650 (ref. 4). The average annual sub- ...
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Rabies a fatal viral zoonosis is endemic in India. There is no report on phylogenetic study of Indian rabies virus isolates based on the complete G gene. In the present study, a total of 25 rabies positive brain samples collected during... more
Rabies a fatal viral zoonosis is endemic in India. There is no report on phylogenetic study of Indian rabies virus isolates based on the complete G gene. In the present study, a total of 25 rabies positive brain samples collected during 2001-2014 from North India (UP, MP, Delhi, Rajasthan), South India (Kerala and Karnataka) and Gujarat states belonging to six different host species were subjected to G gene amplification by RT-PCR as three overlapping fragments of 881bp, 991bp and 618bp. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all Indian rabies virus isolates are genetically closely related with Arctic-like 1a lineage viruses. However, two distinct clusters were identified namely, India South and India North. All the Indian rabies isolates had 95.5-100% homology related to geography, but not to host species. Deduced amino acids on comparison revealed two amino acid changes, aa 356 in ECTO; N→K and aa 458; M→I, which were found to distinguish between the India South and India North isolates.
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Abstract—The comprehensive focus on plant based natural dyes and other bioactive natural extract in textile coating as antimicrobial textile finish has gained significant momentum. The major antimicrobial agents for textile coating are... more
Abstract—The comprehensive focus on plant based natural dyes and other bioactive natural extract in textile coating as antimicrobial textile finish has gained significant momentum. The major antimicrobial agents for textile coating are chemical agents which have toxic and ...
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Supramolecular hydrogels derived from natural products have promising applications in diagnostics, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. We studied the formation of a long-lived hydrogel made by mixing guanosine (G, 1) with 0.5 equiv of... more
Supramolecular hydrogels derived from natural products have promising applications in diagnostics, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. We studied the formation of a long-lived hydrogel made by mixing guanosine (G, 1) with 0.5 equiv of KB(OH)4. This ratio of borate anion to ligand is crucial for gelation as it links two molecules of 1, which facilitates cation-templated assembly of G4·K(+) quartets. The guanosine-borate (GB) hydrogel, which was characterized by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and circular dichroism and (11)B magic-angle-spinning NMR spectroscopy, is stable in water that contains physiologically relevant concentrations of K(+). Furthermore, non-covalent interactions, such as electrostatics, π-stacking, and hydrogen bonding, enable the incorporation of a cationic dye and nucleosides into the GB hydrogel.
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Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Environmental Science, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga District, Karnataka 577451, India. * Corresponding author email: svkrishnamurthy@usa.net ... Manuscript... more
Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Environmental Science, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga District, Karnataka 577451, India. * Corresponding author email: svkrishnamurthy@usa.net ... Manuscript received 22 February 2001; ...
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Research Interests: Genetics, Phylogeography, Cats, Molecular Epidemiology, India, and 15 moreBiological Sciences, Dogs, Humans, Animals, Pets, Cluster Analysis, Rabies, Phylogenetic analysis, Genotype, Molecular Characterization, Captive Wild Animals, Rabies Virus, Nucleotides, Virus isolation, and Molecular Sequence Data
The proton NMR spectra of fluorine-substituted benzamides are very complex (Figure 1) due to severe overlap of (1)H resonances from the two aromatic rings, in addition to several short and long-range scalar couplings experienced by each... more
The proton NMR spectra of fluorine-substituted benzamides are very complex (Figure 1) due to severe overlap of (1)H resonances from the two aromatic rings, in addition to several short and long-range scalar couplings experienced by each proton. With no detectable scalar couplings between the inter-ring spins, the (1)H NMR spectra can be construed as an overlap of spectra from two independent phenyl rings. In the present study we demonstrate that it is possible to separate the individual spectrum for each aromatic ring by spin system filtering employing the multiple-quantum-single-quantum correlation methodology. Furthermore, the two spin states of fluorine are utilized to simplify the spectrum corresponding to each phenyl ring by the spin-state selection. The demonstrated technique reduces spectral complexity by a factor of 4, in addition to permitting the determination of long-range couplings of less than 0.2 Hz and the relative signs of heteronuclear couplings. The technique also aids the judicious choice of the spin-selective double-quantum-single-quantum J-resolved experiment to determine the long-range homonuclear couplings of smaller magnitudes.
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Using (19)F and (1)H-NMR (with (14)N decoupling) spectroscopic techniques together with density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations, we have investigated weak molecular interactions in isomeric fluorinated benzanilides. Simultaneous... more
Using (19)F and (1)H-NMR (with (14)N decoupling) spectroscopic techniques together with density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations, we have investigated weak molecular interactions in isomeric fluorinated benzanilides. Simultaneous presence of through space nuclear spin-spin couplings ((1h)J(N-HF)) of diverse strengths and feeble structural fluctuations are detected as a function of site specific substitution of fluorine atoms within the basic identical molecular framework. The transfer of hydrogen bonding interaction energies through space is established by perturbing their strengths and monitoring the effect on NMR parameters. Multiple quantum (MQ) excitation, up to the highest possible MQ orders of coupled protons, is utilized as a tool for accurate (1)H assignments. Results of NMR studies and DFT calculations are compared with the relevant structural parameters taken from single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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The scalar coupled proton NMR spectra of many organic molecules possessing more than one phenyl ring are generally complex due to degeneracy of transitions arising from the closely resonating protons, in addition to several short- and... more
The scalar coupled proton NMR spectra of many organic molecules possessing more than one phenyl ring are generally complex due to degeneracy of transitions arising from the closely resonating protons, in addition to several short- and long-range couplings experienced by each proton. Analogous situations are generally encountered in derivatives of halogenated benzanilides. Extraction of information from such spectra is challenging and demands the differentiation of spectrum pertaining to each phenyl ring and the simplification of their spectral complexity. The present study employs the blend of independent spin system filtering and the spin-state selective detection of single quantum (SQ) transitions by the two-dimensional multiple quantum (MQ) methodology in achieving this goal. The precise values of the scalar couplings of very small magnitudes have been derived by double quantum resolved experiments. The experiments also provide the relative signs of heteronuclear couplings. Studies on four isomers of dihalogenated benzanilides are reported in this work.
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Research Interests:
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Alice's Wrinkled Frog (Nyctibatrachus aliciae) is an endemic anuran amphibian of the Western Ghats. The population estimation of this species in native forest and adjoining secondary forest has revealed distinct differences in size.... more
Alice's Wrinkled Frog (Nyctibatrachus aliciae) is an endemic anuran amphibian of the Western Ghats. The population estimation of this species in native forest and adjoining secondary forest has revealed distinct differences in size. The population size in native ...
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ABSTRACT Chiral recognition: Silica-enhanced NMR diffusometry can distinguish the signals of diastereoisomeric mixtures of supramolecular ion pairs (see picture; DOSY=diffusion-ordered spectroscopy). The experiment has a shorter timescale... more
ABSTRACT Chiral recognition: Silica-enhanced NMR diffusometry can distinguish the signals of diastereoisomeric mixtures of supramolecular ion pairs (see picture; DOSY=diffusion-ordered spectroscopy). The experiment has a shorter timescale than liquid chromatography, thus allowing an easier characterization of species that are even configurationally labile on the minutes timescale.
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Alice's Wrinkled Frog ( Nyctibatrachus aliciae) is an endemic anuran amphib - ian of the Western Ghats. The population estimation of this species in native forest and adjoining secondary forest has revealed distinct differences in... more
Alice's Wrinkled Frog ( Nyctibatrachus aliciae) is an endemic anuran amphib - ian of the Western Ghats. The population estimation of this species in native forest and adjoining secondary forest has revealed distinct differences in size. The popula - tion size in native forest (n = 554) was large compared to secondary forest (n = 234). The two forest habitats
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Research Interests:
Rabies virus (RABV) is neurotropic and causes acute progressive encephalitis. Herein, we report the interaction of nAChRα1-subunit peptides with RABV and the effect of these peptides on RABV infection in cultured neuronal cells. Peptide... more
Rabies virus (RABV) is neurotropic and causes acute progressive encephalitis. Herein, we report the interaction of nAChRα1-subunit peptides with RABV and the effect of these peptides on RABV infection in cultured neuronal cells. Peptide sequences derived from torpedo, bovine, human and rats were synthesized and studied for their interactions with RABV using virus capture ELISA and peptide immunofluorescence. The results showed specific binding of the nAChRα1-subunit peptides to the RABV. In the virus adsorption assay, these peptides were found to inhibit the attachment of the RABV to the neuronal cells. The nAChRα1-subunit peptides inhibited the RABV infection and reduced viral gene expression in the cultured neuroblastoma (N2A) cells. Torpedo peptide sequence (T-32) had highest antiviral effect (IC50=14±3.01μM) compared to the other peptides studied. The results of the study indicated that nAChRα1-subunit peptides may act as receptor decoy molecules and inhibit the binding of virus to the native host cell receptors and hence may reduce viral infection.