Mehmet Arslan

Compared to full season soybean cropping systems, seed yield reduction is a major concern in double-cropped soybean production systems. This study was conducted at the Research Farm of Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey, to determine if it is possible to enhance the yield of both full season and double-cropped soybean by narrowing row spacing. Two soybean cultivars, A3935 and S4240, were planted using row widths of 30, 50, and 70 cm, and twin row (50 25 50 cm) in 2004 and 2005. Seed yield and the other investigated plant parameters of double-cropped soybean were lower compared to full season soybean. Row spacing had a significant effect on plant height, number of nodes per plant, main-stem pod and seed number, branch pod and seed number, and seed yield in both cropping systems. The highest seed yield (4142.5 kg ha(-1)) averaged over years was obtained from a 50-cm row width in full season soybean cropping, whereas a 30-cm row width had the highest seed yield (3241.5 kg ha(-1)) ...

The remnants of the Southern Neotethys are represented by ophiolitic bodies and subduction/accretion complexes along the Southeast Anatolian-Zagros suture belt in the Eastern Mediterranean. Around Malatya and Elazig areas (SE Turkey), they are found within imbricated slices of a melange complex, known as the Yuksekova Complex. The studied basaltic rocks are common members of this melange complex, and show distinctive features of sources with tholeiitic to tholeiitic-transitional character. Petrography, whole-rock trace element and isotopic data reveal two different compositional groups. Group I is transitional between island arc tholeiites and normal mid-ocean ridge basalt, and Group II includes back-arc (BABB), enriched mid-ocean ridge (E-MORB), and ocean island basalt type (OIB) compositions. According to the known Late Cretaceous stratigraphic ages, the studied basaltic rocks have (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.703666- 0.706394, (143Nd/144Nd)i = 0.512734-0.512927, 208Pb/204Pb = 38.3216-39.3400...

ABSTRACT Monzogabbro stocks including felsic enclaves (monzosyenite) around the Bafra (Samsun) area at the western edge of the Eastern Pontides cut Eocene-aged volcanic and sedimentary units. The monzogabbros contain plagioclase, alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene, olivine, hornblende, biotite, apatite, and iron-titanium oxides, whereas the felsic enclaves contain alkali feldspar, plagioclase, hornblende, biotite, clinopyroxene, and iron-titanium oxides. Mineral chemistry data suggest that magmas experienced hydrous and anhydrous crystallization in deep and shallow crustal magma chambers. Several thermobarometers were used to estimate temperatures of crystallization and emplacement for the mafic and felsic magmas. Clinopyroxene thermobarometry yielded 1100-1232 C and 5.9-8.1 kbar for monzogabbros, and 931-1109 C and 1.8-6.9 kbar for felsic enclaves. Hornblende thermobarometry and oxygen fugacity estimates reveal 739-971 degrees C, 7.0-9.2 kbar and 10(-9.71) for monzogabbros and 681-928 degrees C, 3.0-6.1 kbar and 10(-11.34) for felsic enclaves. Biotite thermobarometry shows elevated oxygen fugacity varying from 10(-18.9)-10(-11.07) at 632-904 degrees C and 1.29-1.89 kbar for monzogabbros, to 10(-15.99) -10(-11.82) at 719-873 degrees C and 1.41-1.77 kbar for felsic enclaves. The estimated zircon and apatite saturation temperatures are 504-590 degrees C and 693-730 degrees C for monzogabbros and 765-775 degrees C and 641-690 degrees C for felsic enclaves, respectively. These data imply that several phases in the gabbroic and syenitic magmas did not necessarily crystallize simultaneously and further indicate that the mineral compositions may register intervals of disequilibrium crystallization. Besides, thermobarometry contrasts between monzogabbro and felsic enclave may be partly a consequence of extended interactions between the mafic and felsic magmas by mixing/mingling and diffusion. Additionally, the hot felsic magma was close to liquidus conditions (crystallinity < 30%) when injected into cooler mafic magma (crystallinity > 50%), and thus, the monzogabbro stocks reflect hybrid products from the mingling and incomplete mixing of these two magmas.

Object Although infrequent, injury to adjacent neurovascular structures during posterior approaches to lumbar intervertebral discs can occur. A detailed anatomical knowledge of relationships may decrease surgical complications. Methods Ten formalin-fixed male cadavers were used for this study. Posterior exposure of the lumbar thecal sac, nerve roots, pedicles, and intervertebral discs was performed. To identify retroperitoneal structures at risk during posterior lumbar discectomy, a transabdominal retroperitoneal approach was performed, and observations were made. The distances between the posterior and anterior edges of the lumbar intervertebral discs were measured, and the relationships between the disc space, pedicle, and nerve root were evaluated. Results For right and left sides, the mean distance from the inferior pedicle to the disc gradually increased from L1–2 to L4–5 (range 2.7–3.8 mm and 2.9–4.5 mm for right and left side, respectively) and slightly decreased at L5–S1. Fo...

The Neogene Yamadağ volcanics occupy a vast area between Sivas and Malatya in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. These volcanic rocks are characterized by pyroclastics comprising agglomerates, tuffs and some small outcrops of basaltic–andesitic–dacitic rocks, overlain ...

The objective of this study was to analyze relationship of the intervertebral disc to the nerve root in the intervertebral foramen. Fourteen formalin-fixed cadavers were studied and measurements were performed. At the medial line of the neural foramen, the disc-root distance gradually increased from L1-L2 to L5-S1. The shortest distance between the disc to nerve root was L1-L2 (mean, 8.2 mm) and the greatest distance was found at L3-L4 (mean, 10.5 mm). In the mid-foramen, the disc-root distance decreased from L1-2 to L5-S1. The shortest distance from the disc to nerve root was found at L5-S1 (mean, 0.4 mm); and the greatest distance, at L1-L2 (mean, 3.8 mm). For the lateral line, the distance between an intersection point between the medial edge of the nerve root and the superior edge of the disc and lateral line of the foramen consistently increased from L1-L2 to L5-S1. The shortest distance from nerve root to the lateral border of the foramen, at the point where the nerve root crosses disc was at level L1-L2 (mean, 2.6 mm), the greatest distance, L5-S1 (mean, 8.8 mm). The width of the foramina progressively increased in a craniocaudal direction (mean, 8.3-17.8 mm from L1-2 to L5-S1, respectively). The mean height of the foramina was more or less the same for disc levels (range, 19.3-21.5). The results showed that nerve roots at lower levels traveled closer to the midline of the foramen. This morphometric information may be helpful in minimizing the incidence of injury to the lumbar nerve root during foraminal and extraforaminal approaches.

The Kale (Gumushane) volcanic rocks crop out in the southern zone of the eastern Pontide arc, and consist mainly of agglomerate, andesite, minor basalt, and tuff associated with sediments (limestone, marl, siltstone, sandstone) deposited in a shallow basin environment. The volcanites show mainly porphyritic, hyalo-porphyritic, and rare fluidal and glomeroporphyritic textures. These volcanic rocks consist predominantly of plagioclase, augite, hornblende,