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Ways in which research into university teaching and student learning originated and developed over a forty-year period are illustrated by following a single line of research conducted by the author and his colleagues. The early research... more
Ways in which research into university teaching and student learning originated and developed over a forty-year period are illustrated by following a single line of research conducted by the author and his colleagues. The early research drew heavily on established psychological concepts, such as ability, motivation, and personality, to predict degree outcomes using inventories with statistical analysis. Subsequently, this approach was combined with in-depth interviews with individual students, which provided insights into distinctive approaches to learning and studying. The nature of academic understanding was also explored with students who explained the techniques they had used to remember what they had understood. Later, the research on student learning was expanded to explore the influences of teaching, and of the whole teaching-learning environment on students’ levels of knowledge and understanding, and on their feelings. Finally, problems in conveying research findings to university teachers are considered and directions of future research are suggested.
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... COWIE & AALSVOORT Social Interaction in Learning and Instruction VOLET & JARVELA Motivation in Learning Contexts Forthcoming Titles TUOMI-GROHN & ENGESTROM BetweenSchool and WorkNew... more
... COWIE & AALSVOORT Social Interaction in Learning and Instruction VOLET & JARVELA Motivation in Learning Contexts Forthcoming Titles TUOMI-GROHN & ENGESTROM BetweenSchool and WorkNew Perspectives on Transfer and Boundary Crossing Related journals ...
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ABSTRACT
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... Record Details - EJ093805. Title: Attitudes to School Subjects: A Repertory Grid Technique. Full-Text Availability Options: ... Related Items: Show Related Items. Click on any of the links below to perform a new search. Title:... more
... Record Details - EJ093805. Title: Attitudes to School Subjects: A Repertory Grid Technique. Full-Text Availability Options: ... Related Items: Show Related Items. Click on any of the links below to perform a new search. Title: Attitudes to School Subjects: A Repertory Grid Technique. ...
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... in several degree courses in Tilburg University in The Netherlands, comparing the inventory ... The weak effects otherwise found were attributed to the different ways in which the ... interpret any possible effects of... more
... in several degree courses in Tilburg University in The Netherlands, comparing the inventory ... The weak effects otherwise found were attributed to the different ways in which the ... interpret any possible effects of teaching-learning environments on students' approaches to studying ...
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Summary. An age‐group of 2,868 Aberdeen school children has been tested at ages 7, 9, 11 and 12, on verbal reasoning, non‐verbal reasoning and attainment tests. The relations between family size and test score were expressed as regression... more
Summary. An age‐group of 2,868 Aberdeen school children has been tested at ages 7, 9, 11 and 12, on verbal reasoning, non‐verbal reasoning and attainment tests. The relations between family size and test score were expressed as regression coefficients. The usual inverse relationship between family size and test score was observed. Regression coefficients from the verbal tests were larger than from the non‐verbal. Consistently larger regression coefficients were obtained for girls than for boys. Within social classes I and II, regression coefficients were smaller than within the other social classes. The results are interpreted as evidence of environmental influence on test scores. Results obtained from previous investigations in Aberdeen are compared with those obtained in the present study.
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Research Interests: Psychology and Medicine
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The pioneering work of psychologists in USA identified a range of key concepts that provided the first steps in exploring the nature of student learning and its implications for teaching. This chapter initially provides brief summaries of... more
The pioneering work of psychologists in USA identified a range of key concepts that provided the first steps in exploring the nature of student learning and its implications for teaching. This chapter initially provides brief summaries of the main ideas introduced, starting with information processing and memory processes, before looking at general individual differences , such as intelligence, aptitude, and personality, as well as more specific constructs such as need for achievement and fear of failure . The theories of Ausubel, Bruner, and Rogers described learning processes directly relevant to schooling, while educational researchers provided frameworks to classify the main differences in learning outcomes among students. The chapter concludes, however, that these theories and frameworks can provide only rather general implications for learning and teaching at university, and that contextualized approaches to research are more likely to offer a fuller picture of the experiences of the students and teachers.
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O presente estudo pretende validar o constructo de abordagens à aprendizagem com estudantes de ensino superior português recorrendo ao ASSIST - Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (Entwistle 2000; 2006). Para o efeito... more
O presente estudo pretende validar o constructo de abordagens à aprendizagem com estudantes de ensino superior português recorrendo ao ASSIST - Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (Entwistle 2000; 2006). Para o efeito recorremos a uma amostra constituída por 562 estudantes do 1º e do 3º ano de cursos de Licenciatura da Universidade de Évora, sendo que 53.4% frequentam cursos de Ciências e Tecnologia e 46.6% de Ciências Sociais. De acordo com os resultados obtidos encontramos uma estrutura factorial idêntica à do instrumento original no que se refere às abordagens à aprendizagem (superficial, profunda e estratégica). Para além de testar o constructo procurámos ainda identificar diferenças em relação à área científica dos cursos (Ciências e Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais), ano de frequência e género. Os resultados indicaram apenas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação à área científica dos cursos e ao género. Não encontraram diferenças em relação ao ano d...
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The fourth Lancaster study operationalized the categories underlying approach to learning, strategic approach, and learning styles by developing an inventory, based mainly on students’ own explanations of their ways of studying, to create... more
The fourth Lancaster study operationalized the categories underlying approach to learning, strategic approach, and learning styles by developing an inventory, based mainly on students’ own explanations of their ways of studying, to create scales for these constructs. The development of the Approaches to Studying Inventory (ASI) involved successive sets of factor analyses, culminating in three clearly defined dimensions or study orientations , described as meaning, reproducing , and achievement-oriented studying. Subsequently, other researchers confirmed the validity of these three orientations for exploring correlates of academic performance. A revised version of the ASI (RASI) strengthened the factor structure, and subsequent research used confirmatory factor analysis to indicate the existence of distinct constructs of deep, surface , and strategic approaches to studying , with the latter being subsequently described as organized effort. A much later project introduced two other in...
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Research Interests: Psychology and Elsevier
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... SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1990. PUB TYPE: Book (ISBN 0415020611 ). VOLUME/EDITION: PAGES (INTRO/BODY): xxxii, 1140 p. SUBJECT(S): Education; Handbooks, manuals, etc.; Aims and objectives. DISCIPLINE: No discipline assigned. LC NUMBER: LB17... more
... SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1990. PUB TYPE: Book (ISBN 0415020611 ). VOLUME/EDITION: PAGES (INTRO/BODY): xxxii, 1140 p. SUBJECT(S): Education; Handbooks, manuals, etc.; Aims and objectives. DISCIPLINE: No discipline assigned. LC NUMBER: LB17 .H267 1990. HTTP ...
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Research Interests: Psychology and Perception
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Educational Psychology in a broader scope, when applied properly, assists schools officials to understand student behavior better. Thus, schools should be provided with psychological services to offer help and guidance by collaborating... more
Educational Psychology in a broader scope, when applied properly, assists schools officials to understand student behavior better. Thus, schools should be provided with psychological services to offer help and guidance by collaborating efforts with faculty, students, and parents to create a better working relationship between schools and the community (Talley, and Short, 1995). century, psychology in theory and practice has created a solid foundation for a healthier understanding of human nature. Understanding and implementing human psychology has helped teachers to assist students to grow healthy, discover their untapped talents, and help them to establish better understanding of themselves and improve communication skills.
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This inventory was developed from an earlier inventory - Approaches to Studying (ASI). The items came mainly from interview comments made by students, Factor analysis of the items created three main scales describing deep, surface, and... more
This inventory was developed from an earlier inventory - Approaches to Studying (ASI). The items came mainly from interview comments made by students, Factor analysis of the items created three main scales describing deep, surface, and strategic approaches to learning and studying, each with a number of sub-scales. The factor structure has proved robust across different subject areas and in many countries. A short self-scoring version was developed by Tyler.