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2011/201
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ABSTRACT The study of the magnetic characteristics and constructive shapes of conductive materials, allows a better use of Its electrical characteristics, reducing the maintenance and extending the life of the electrical machines. The... more
ABSTRACT The study of the magnetic characteristics and constructive shapes of conductive materials, allows a better use of Its electrical characteristics, reducing the maintenance and extending the life of the electrical machines. The improvements obtained on the torque with low currents using rotor with spiral sheets are analysed on this paper. To have a complete study, several rotors and stators have been built to verify the electromagnetic variations on the three-phase asynchronous motors where they combine different constructive and mechanical characteristics of the related elements: changing inertias, constructive materials, and the geometrical shapes and disposition of the sheets. These different types of motors have been first tested in the laboratory, them, are simulated using computer aided tools (Matlab-Simulink). In particular four stators (1000 rpm, 1500 rpm, 1500 rpm-type A, and 3000 rpm) having the same constructive parameters, have been tested with the following rotors: solid rotor, solid rotor with diamagnetic rings, drag cup, and simple and double squirrel cage rotor. All these results have been compared to those obtained with the seven variants of spiral sheet rotor, presented on this paper. It has been demonstrated that It is possible to considerably reduce the starting currents and therefore reducing the maintenance and extending the life of motors, without any negative consequence on the starting torque.
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També inclou la versió en castellà2011/201
2011/201
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Research Interests: Materials Science, Composites, Mechanical properties, Natural rubber, Relaxation, and 12 moreMechanical engineering- material science- composite materials, Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Composite Material, Dielectric Properties, Hdpe, EVA, High Density Polyethylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Industrial Applications, Copolymers, and Vulcanization
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The improvements obtained on the torque with low currents using rotor with spiral sheets are analyzed on this paper. To have a complete study, several rotors and stators have been built to verify the electromagnetic variations on the... more
The improvements obtained on the torque with low currents using rotor with spiral sheets are analyzed on this paper. To have a complete study, several rotors and stators have been built to verify the electromagnetic variations on the three-phase asynchronous motors where they combine different constructive and mechanical characteristics of the related elements: changing inertias, constructive materials, and the geometrical
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Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
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En esta ponencia se expondran los pasos a seguir para la creacion de una guia en formato Web para la elaboracion de material multimedia (CD, DVD, pagina Web). La propuesta surgio del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educacion y del Servicio de... more
En esta ponencia se expondran los pasos a seguir para la creacion de una guia en formato Web para la elaboracion de material multimedia (CD, DVD, pagina Web). La propuesta surgio del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educacion y del Servicio de Bibliotecas de la Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna debido al creciente aumento en la elaboracion de material multimedia por parte del profesorado y delante de la necesidad de compaginar, unificar criterios y ayudar a los docentes que se inician en la elaboracion de estos materiales. Esta guia se ha encargado a un grupo de profesores de diversos Departamentos dirigidos por Ramon Mujal del Departamento de Ingenieria Electrica, y en ella se ha intentado sintetizar y resumir en un formato multimedia las dudas, problemas o inquietudes con las cuales nos enfrontamos al iniciar trabajos de este tipo.
Research Interests: Computer Science and Art
Research Interests: Philosophy and Humanities
Abstract The objectives of this article arise through the investigation of a motor with a high starting torque although with limited intensities, weak intensity variations depending on the load, controlled losses in no-load tests, an... more
Abstract The objectives of this article arise through the investigation of a motor with a high starting torque although with limited intensities, weak intensity variations depending on the load, controlled losses in no-load tests, an accept-able performance in steady state and with a good ...
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The mass manufacture of tires and the difficulty for their elimination or storage constitutes a serious environmental problem. At present, several methods for the recycling of tires are used, such as mechanical crushing, in which the... more
The mass manufacture of tires and the difficulty for their elimination or storage constitutes a serious environmental problem. At present, several methods for the recycling of tires are used, such as mechanical crushing, in which the steel vulcanized rubber and the fibers are separated; this rubber is being used in numerous applications like pavements, insulators, footwear, etc. This study proposes a second option for obsolete tires, demonstrating their utility as dielectrics. In order to do so, ground tire rubber (GTR) has been combined with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to obtain a composite of a polymeric matrix reinforced with GTR. In order to determine the behavior of this composite material, the electrical and mechanical tests are presented as well as, more briefly, microstructure and thermal analyses, undertaken for the various mixtures of PVC with GTR (concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 50%, and 70% GTR), and three GTR particle size categories (<200 μm, 200—500 μm, and >500 μm), in a range of temperatures that varied from 30° C to 130° C, and with frequencies from between 1 × 10-2 Hz and 3 × 106 Hz. The dielectric tests have allowed for an analysis of dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, dielectric modulus, etc. On the other hand, the mechanical analysis has involved the Young’s modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, and toughness. Mechanical and dielectric results point out that below 20% of GTR the material features for mechanical or electrical applications are not significantly altered.
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Mass production of tires, as well as the difficult storage or elimination is a real environmental problem. Various methods for recycling tires are currently used, such as mechanical grinding, which puts vulcanized rubber, steel, and... more
Mass production of tires, as well as the difficult storage or elimination is a real environmental problem. Various methods for recycling tires are currently used, such as mechanical grinding, which puts vulcanized rubber, steel, and fibers apart. The rubber may be used in several industrial applications such as flooring, insulations, footwear, etc. The aim of this article focuses on finding a new application for the old used tires (GTR). Tire dust and recycled EVA thermoplastic have been mixed, and we have checked the maximum accepted values of GTR concentration that can be admitted while keeping dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties within acceptable values, as well as initial polymer microstructure. This would allow including GTR in industrial applications of recycled EVA. The recycled tire dust which result from the industrial milling processes has been divided by sieve in three different categories according to the size of the particles (<200, 200—500, and >" xbd="654" xhg="622" ybd="1596" yhg="1560"/>500 µm). This has then been mixed with EVA in different GTR concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 70%) in order to establish its conduct through electrical, mechanical, thermal, and microstructure tests, which will be held in a range of temperatures between 30°C and 120°C, and with a range of frequency between 1 × 10-2 and 3 × 106 Hz.
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The mass manufacture of tires and the difficulty in storing or disposing them constitute a serious environmental problem. At present, various recycling methods for tires are used, such as grinding, which separates the steel and fibers... more
The mass manufacture of tires and the difficulty in storing or disposing them constitute a serious environmental problem. At present, various recycling methods for tires are used, such as grinding, which separates the steel and fibers from the vulcanized rubber, then using the rubber in numerous industrial applications such as pavements, insulators, footwear, etc. The aim of this article focuses on finding a new application for the ground tire rubber (GTR). This would allow including GTR in industrial applications of recycled high-density polythene (HDPE). Tire dust and HDPE thermoplastic have been mixed, and the maximum accepted values of GTR concentration that can be admitted while keeping dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties within acceptable values, as well as initial polymer microstructure, have been checked. In addition, the suitability of the compounds for antistatic applications is studied. The recycled tire dust which results from the industrial milling processes has been divided by sieve in three different categories according to the size of the particles (<200, 200–500, and >500 µm). This has then been mixed with HDPE in different GTR concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 50%, and 70%) in order to establish its conduct through electrical, mechanical, thermal, and microstructure tests, which will be held in a temperature range 30–120°C, and with a frequency range 1 × 10−2 and 3 × 106 Hz. The thermal tests determined the enthalpies and fusion temperatures which allow for the observation of changes in crystalline and microstructure of the matrix, and finally, the fracture surfaces of the compound samples have been evaluated using scanning electron microscopy.
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The study of the magnetic characteristics and constructive shapes of conductive materials, allows a better use of its electrical characteristics, reducing the maintenance and extending the life of the electrical machines. The improvements... more
The study of the magnetic characteristics and constructive shapes of conductive materials, allows a better use of its electrical characteristics, reducing the maintenance and extending the life of the electrical machines. The improvements obtained on the torque with low currents using rotor with spiral sheets are analyzed on this paper. To have a complete study, several rotors and stators have
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Research Interests: Art and Autoaprendizaje
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1* Director y coordinador del proyecto. Área de Ingeniería Eléctrica. Escuela Técnica Superior. Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. C/ Colon, 11. 08222 Terrassa (Barcelona). mujal@ee.upc.edu 1 Área de Ingeniería Eléctrica. Escuela... more
1* Director y coordinador del proyecto. Área de Ingeniería Eléctrica. Escuela Técnica Superior. Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. C/ Colon, 11. 08222 Terrassa (Barcelona). mujal@ee.upc.edu 1 Área de Ingeniería Eléctrica. Escuela Técnica Superior. Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. C/ Colon, 11. 08222 Terrassa (Barcelona). boix@ee.upc.edu, marin@ee.upc.edu 2 Área de Ingeniería Química. Escuela Técnica Superior. Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. C/ Colon, 11. 08222 Terrassa (Barcelona). xavier.colom@upc.edu 3 Área de Ingeniería Mecánica. Escuela Técnica Superior. Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. C/ Colon, 11. 08222 Terrassa (Barcelona). xavier.saluena@upc.edu, jasmina.casals@upc.edu 4 Instituto Catalán de Educación. Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. C/ Colon, 2. 08222 Terrassa (Barcelona). torn@fpc.es, vidal.martinez@fpc.es, marperfo@hotmail.com, ignasivalga@hotmail.com
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També inclou la versió en castellà2011/201
La masiva fabricacion de neumaticos y la dificultad para su almacenamiento o eliminacion constituye un grave problema medioambiental. En la actualidad, se utilizan diversos metodos para el reciclaje de los neumaticos, como por ejemplo la... more
La masiva fabricacion de neumaticos y la dificultad para su almacenamiento o eliminacion constituye un grave problema medioambiental. En la actualidad, se utilizan diversos metodos para el reciclaje de los neumaticos, como por ejemplo la trituracion mecanica, que separa el caucho vulcanizado del acero y las fibras, utilizandose este caucho en numerosas aplicaciones industriales como pavimentos, aislantes, calzados, etc. El presente articulo se centra en buscar una nueva aplicacion para estos neumaaticos reutilizados (GTR), y para ello, se ha mezclado el polvo de los neumaticos con diferentes polimeros termoplasticos como son el Policloruro de Vinilo (PVC), el Polietileno de Alta Densidad (HDPE), el Etileno Acetato de Vinilo (EVA) y el Polipropileno (PP), comprobando hasta que valores de concentracion en GTR admitenestos nuevos compuestos manteniendo dentro de unos valores aceptables sus propiedades dielectricas, y por tanto, sus posibles aplicaciones industriales en la fabricacion d...
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This article proposes the creation of a new material useful for the industry from the mixture with rolls of two 50% virgin elastomers, styrene-butadiene (SBR) and natural rubber (NR) with tires out of use (GTR). These tires have been... more
This article proposes the creation of a new material useful for the industry from the mixture with rolls of two 50% virgin elastomers, styrene-butadiene (SBR) and natural rubber (NR) with tires out of use (GTR). These tires have been previously devulcanized following a number of techniques, which will be analyzed in this article, and then mixed with the virgin elastomer SBR/NR and the corresponding additives, revulcanized this new material in order to reach the mechanical properties, thermal and of structure that allow its use in the industry. Specifically, three types of samples have been analyzed; a first one formed by the virgin elastomer (SBR/NR), a second adding to the SBR/NR, GTR in the proportion of 20 phr (parts per hundred rubber), and a third adding to the SBR/NR, GTR in the proportion of 40 phr (more percentages were used in the mechanical tests in order to provide greater validity in the results). The GTR received has been devulcanized using different techniques: without...
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Mass production of tyres and their subsequent storage after use is a serious environmental problem whose solution has been attempted in various ways. One of these is the mixture of old, used tyres (GTR) with various thermoplastic and... more
Mass production of tyres and their subsequent storage after use is a serious environmental problem whose solution has been attempted in various ways. One of these is the mixture of old, used tyres (GTR) with various thermoplastic and thermostable polymers. These blends are made by modifying the pre-treatment to which the GTR is subjected, the degree of devulcanization, the mixing or pressing conditions, etc. Later, the mixtures are analyzed structurally and mechanically, looking for possible industrial applications. The present work aims to obtain materials suitable for the electrical industry from the mixture of polypropylene (PP) with old used tyres (GTR), starting from the requirement of minimum recycling costs, i.e. by using vulcanized GTR without any prior treatment, but acting on the particle sizes with a simple and inexpensive screening. A large number of composites have been analyzed, and these have been submitted to dielectric, mechanical, thermal and microstructural examin...
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La aparicion de vehiculos que funcionan con pilas de combustible tipo PEM (membrana de intercambio de protones) plantea la necesidad de proporcionar hidrogeno de alta pureza de forma dosificada y a baja presion. Actualmente se suministra... more
La aparicion de vehiculos que funcionan con pilas de combustible tipo PEM (membrana de intercambio de protones) plantea la necesidad de proporcionar hidrogeno de alta pureza de forma dosificada y a baja presion. Actualmente se suministra mediante pesadas bombonas de hidrogeno a alta presion, 350 a 700 bar, que requieren de reguladores de presion, estrictos controles de seguridad y mantenimiento. Dicho hidrogeno proviene mayoritariamente del reformado del gas natural, gas no renovable. Una opcion mas segura y renovable a este sistema consiste en la obtencion de hidrogeno, in situ, a partir de la reaccion aluminio-agua en un medio alcalino, a ser posible de residuos de aluminio. Un problema que se plantea es la dificultad de obtener con este sistema un caudal constante de hidrogeno, de gran pureza y de evitar la precipitacion del Al(OH)3 en la superficie del aluminio, si este queda en seco, lo que retardaria el reinicio de la reaccion. Se describe en este articulo, un nuevo proceso pa...