Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system. The sample... more
The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system. The sample consisted of 35 sets of dental costs. Maxillary and mandibular dental crown widths and selected dental arch dimensions were measured directly using digital calipers. Cast images were also captured by a stereophotogrammetric system and analysed using Australis software. Dahlberg's formula, paired t-tests and intra-class correlations were used to assess the random error, validity and reliability of the measurements, respectively. Most values demonstrated no significant difference between the direct and three-dimensional measurements with mean differences ranging from 0.05-0.21 mm. Moreover, values of intra-class correlation coefficients ranged between 0.80-0.99 for intra-examiner reliability. Mesiodistal crown widths and dental arch dimensions may be meas...
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This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric daycare unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia to determine the prevalence of craniofacial deformities (CFD) and the association between these deformities and... more
This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric daycare unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia to determine the prevalence of craniofacial deformities (CFD) and the association between these deformities and different clinical presentations among thalassemia patients. Patients were classified as either craniofacial deformity positive (CFD+) or craniofacial deformity negative (CFD-) by two examiners based on the presence or absence of deformity of the cheeks, frontal and/or maxillary bones. Fifteen clinical parameters were compared between the groups. Nineteen out of 43 patients (44.2%; confidence interval, 30.2-58.2%) had craniofacial deformities (CFD+). Both groups were comparable among the clinical parameters studied. Patients in the CFD+ group did not start their blood transfusions significantly earlier than the CFD- group (p = 0.50) and had a nonsignificantly lower mean pretransfusion hemoglobin level than the CFD- group (p = 0.71). Patients receiving regu...
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Introduction: Duration of treatment is one of the things orthodontic patients complaint about most and challenging orthodontist to shorten treatment time. A new surgical technique was introduced to accelerate tooth movement during... more
Introduction: Duration of treatment is one of the things orthodontic patients complaint about most and challenging orthodontist to shorten treatment time. A new surgical technique was introduced to accelerate tooth movement during orthodontic treatment through combining surgical and orthodontic treatment by doing surgical reduction of the bone mass in the path of desired tooth movement prior to start orthodontic alignment of the teeth. This case report showed treatment of 21 years old male patient complaint of teeth malalignment and he requested to finish treatment in short time. Upper right first premolar and lower left second premolar were extracted, all the bones in the desired path of tooth movement was removed and the dentoalveolar distraction procedure was performed using Nickel Titanium closing coil spring and power chain. Complete teeth alignment was achieved in two months period and the anchorage teeth were able to withstand the retraction forces with minimal anchorage loss.
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Bone remodeling is essential for successful orthodontics treatments. This study investigates the effect of 940 nm low level laser with different powers on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. 21 male, 6-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were... more
Bone remodeling is essential for successful orthodontics treatments. This study investigates the effect of 940 nm low level laser with different powers on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. 21 male, 6-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were used. A force of 10g was applied to the molars to induce tooth movement. The rats were grouped into 3 main experimental groups according to the power delivered: 100, 200 and 300 mW for 6 min/day. A positive and negative control groups were used. The Irradiation was performed once a day on days 0-7, then the experiment was ended in the same day. To determine the amount of tooth movement, plaster models of the maxillae were made. The models were imaged and analysed. Histological examination was performed after staining with (haematoxylin and eosin) and (Alizarin red and Alcian blue) stain. RT-PCR was also performed to elucidate the gene expression of RANK, RANKL, OPG and RUNX-2 in the area of treatment. The amount of tooth movement, the Histological bon...
The aim of this study was to adapt MARMS with some modifications to detect beta mutation in our cohort of thalassemia patients. We focused only on transfusion-dependent thalassemia Malay patients, the predominant ethnic group (95%) in the... more
The aim of this study was to adapt MARMS with some modifications to detect beta mutation in our cohort of thalassemia patients. We focused only on transfusion-dependent thalassemia Malay patients, the predominant ethnic group (95%) in the Kelantanese population. Eight mutations were identified in 46 out of 48 (95.83%) beta thalassemia alleles. Most of the patients (54.2%) were compound heterozygous with co-inheritance Cd 26 (G>A). The frequencies of spectrum beta chain mutation among these patients are presented in Table 2. Among the transfusion dependent beta thalassemia Malay patients studied, 26 patients were found to be compound heterozygous and the main alleles were Cd 26 (G>A). Compound heterozygous mutation of Cd 26 (G>A) and IVS 1-5 (G>C) were 12 (46.2%), Cd 26 (G>A) and Cd 41/42 (TTCT) were 9 (34.6%), Cd 26 (G>A) and IVS 1-1 (G>C) were 2 (7.7%) respectively. Meanwhile the minority were made of a single compound heterozygous of Cd 26 (G>A) and Cd 71/7...
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Several non invasive methods have the results showed that been applied to quantify facial soft tissue morphology. Digital photography is one of the methods that has been used in the assessment of facial profile in different population.... more
Several non invasive methods have the results showed that been applied to quantify facial soft tissue morphology. Digital photography is one of the methods that has been used in the assessment of facial profile in different population. This study aims to determine nasal soft tissue differences among Malays in Peninsular Malaysia by applying geometric morphometric method with digital photograph. A cross sectional study was carried out on 20 participants from Bugis and Java females with aged range from 20-40 years. The photographs were captured using digital SLR camera (Nikon D80) and analyzed using finite element analysis in MorphoStudio TM software. Seven soft tissue landmarks were digitized on each frontal photograph and six on the lateral one. The study error for both samples was within acceptable limits as there were no statistical differences (p>0.05) in duplicated digitization. The results showed that the comparison of size revealed that Bugis females were smaller in upper a...
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Introduction: The morphology of temporomandibular joint varies among individuals and the most important factor that could affect its shape is functional load impacted on it. This depends on the closed association between the morphology... more
Introduction: The morphology of temporomandibular joint varies among individuals and the most important factor that could affect its shape is functional load impacted on it. This depends on the closed association between the morphology and function which demonstrates that presumed differences in condyle-fossa position and morphology among subjects vary with different types of malocclusion. The objective of this literature review is to determine the temporomandibular joint characteristics in response to orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A web-based search was carried out using electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct and Google scholar between the year 2007 to 2017 with a focus on longitudinal studies, Prospective, Casecontrol, Retrospective and Randomized Controlled Trials. Results: 60 studies were searched in which 21 articles have been selected based on inclusion criteria. Among these studies, 2 were randomized controlled trials, 15 were prospective longitud...
AIMS To compare the mesio-distal tooth sizes and dental arch dimensions in Malay boys and girls with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions. METHODS The dental casts of 150 subjects (78 boys, 72 girls), between 12 and 16 years of... more
AIMS To compare the mesio-distal tooth sizes and dental arch dimensions in Malay boys and girls with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions. METHODS The dental casts of 150 subjects (78 boys, 72 girls), between 12 and 16 years of age, with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions were used. Each group consisted of 50 subjects. An electronic digital caliper was used to measure the mesio-distal tooth sizes of the upper and lower permanent teeth (first molar to first molar), the intercanine and intermolar widths. The arch lengths and arch perimeters were measured with AutoCAD software (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA, U.S.A.). RESULTS The mesio-distal dimensions of the upper lateral incisors and canines in the Class I malocclusion group were significantly smaller than the corresponding teeth in the Class III and Class II groups, respectively. The lower canines and first molars were significantly smaller in the Class I group than the corresponding teeth in the Class II group. ...
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Background: Nonsurgical treatment of Class III malocclusion may reduce the chances for orthognathic surgery in the future. This study aimed to determine the post-treatment skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes in the anteroposterior... more
Background: Nonsurgical treatment of Class III malocclusion may reduce the chances for orthognathic surgery in the future. This study aimed to determine the post-treatment skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes in the anteroposterior plane applying active skeletonized sutural distractor (ASSD) in late adolescent Class III malocclusion patients. Materials and Methods: After screening 13,500 students from 18 secondary schools, a sample of 26 subjects was recruited for this study, with a mean age of 15(±1.4) years after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. ASSD appliances were inserted into patients, and lateral cephalometric x-rays were taken for pre- and post-treatment analysis. Dental casts of the patients were also taken and scanned using a 3D laser scanner for comparisons. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for inter-examiner were 0.87 to 0.99 and 0.96 to 0.99 for lateral cephalometric and dental cast measurements, respectively. The difference in...
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BACKGROUND The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. AIMS To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system.... more
BACKGROUND The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. AIMS To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system. METHODS The sample consisted of 35 sets of dental costs. Maxillary and mandibular dental crown widths and selected dental arch dimensions were measured directly using digital calipers. Cast images were also captured by a stereophotogrammetric system and analysed using Australis software. Dahlberg's formula, paired t-tests and intra-class correlations were used to assess the random error, validity and reliability of the measurements, respectively. RESULTS Most values demonstrated no significant difference between the direct and three-dimensional measurements with mean differences ranging from 0.05-0.21 mm. Moreover, values of intra-class correlation coefficients ranged between 0.80-0.99 for intra-examiner reliability. CONCLUSIONS Mesiodistal crown w...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of facial anthropometric measurements obtained by new stereophotogrammetric system compared to direct measurements. Study design: Validity study was performed in... more
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of facial anthropometric measurements obtained by new stereophotogrammetric system compared to direct measurements. Study design: Validity study was performed in the aspects of accuracy and precision. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. The sample consisted of thirty participants with age range from 18-35 years of Malay origin. Twenty linear distances were directly measured from participant's face by digital caliper. The same distances were measured by a stereophotogrammetry system. The accuracy and bias of the direct versus indirect was estimated by Pearson's and Spearman's correlation and paired t-test. The intra and inter observer precision was estimated by mean absolute difference (MAD) and relative error magnitude (REM). Results: Significant correlation coefficients were recorded at p Conclusion: The stereophotogrammetry sys...
This paper describes treatment planning and dental rehabilitation of permanent maxillary incisors of an 11-year old patient affected by hypoplastic Amelogenesis imperfecta using CEREC chair side technology. The treatment was conducted in... more
This paper describes treatment planning and dental rehabilitation of permanent maxillary incisors of an 11-year old patient affected by hypoplastic Amelogenesis imperfecta using CEREC chair side technology. The treatment was conducted in a multidisciplinary approach and followed by orthodontic treatment using self-ligating brackets to achieve optimum results. The teeth were treated endodontically and reinforced by fiber posts. Oral hygiene instructions and periodontal treatment were conducted. Individual CEREC crowns were fabricated and cemented. The patient's esthetic and functional expectations were satisfied and the new restorations improved significantly her emotional status.
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BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Assessment of orthodontic treatment need and demand helps in planning orthodontic services and estimating the required resources and man power. The aim of this study was to assess the orthodontic treatment need and... more
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Assessment of orthodontic treatment need and demand helps in planning orthodontic services and estimating the required resources and man power. The aim of this study was to assess the orthodontic treatment need and demand and to assess the association between the orthodontic treatment demand and factors such as ITON, gender, and age. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treatment need was assessed using the DHC and AC of IOTN among 12- and 16-year-old Malay school children. The treatment demand was also assessed through a modified health questionnaire and its association with IOTN, age, and gender. A total number of 837 Malay school children were randomly recruited (389 males and 448 females divided into two age groups; 12-year olds; and 16-year olds). RESULTS Findings showed that 51.4% of 12-year-old school children had definite need for treatment (DHC>4) while 22% of them desired treatment. Among 16-year-old subjects, 56.4% showed definite need for treatment while 47.2...
Background Thalassemia is a common monogenic disease in Southeast Asia. Patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia require frequent blood transfusions, which can lead to iron overload and subsequent organ dysfunction and damage. Iron... more
Background Thalassemia is a common monogenic disease in Southeast Asia. Patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia require frequent blood transfusions, which can lead to iron overload and subsequent organ dysfunction and damage. Iron overload is avoided by chelation therapy. There are 3 types of chelators available for iron chelation therapy, namely, desferrioxamine, deferiprone, and deferasirox. Although practical guidelines are available for the management of transfusion-dependent thalassemia, not all countries are able to provide “ideal” treatment for their patients. Objectives To discuss the scope of iron chelation practices including the types of chelators that are available in Southeast Asia, and explore issues relevant to the treatment of transfusion-dependent thalassemic patients in this region. Methods A literature search for information pertaining to thalassemia and its management from 2000 to 2015 was conducted using the following websites: PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Sch...
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Advancement and innovation in bone regeneration, specifically polymeric composite scaffolds, are of high significance for the treatment of bone defects. Xyloglucan (XG) is a polysaccharide biopolymer having a wide variety of regenerative... more
Advancement and innovation in bone regeneration, specifically polymeric composite scaffolds, are of high significance for the treatment of bone defects. Xyloglucan (XG) is a polysaccharide biopolymer having a wide variety of regenerative tissue therapeutic applications due to its biocompatibility, in-vitro degradation and cytocompatibility. Current research is focused on the fabrication of polymeric bioactive scaffolds by freeze drying method for nanocomposite materials. The nanocomposite materials have been synthesized from free radical polymerization using n-SiO2 and n-HAp XG and Methacrylic acid (MAAc). Functional group analysis, crystallinity and surface morphology were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. These bioactive polymeric scaffolds presented interconnected and well-organized porous morphology, controlled precisely by substantial ratios of n-SiO2....
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Introduction: Duration of treatment is one of the things orthodontic patients complaint about most and challenging orthodontist to shorten treatment time. A new surgical technique was introduced to accelerate tooth movement during... more
Introduction: Duration of treatment is one of the things orthodontic patients complaint about most and challenging orthodontist to shorten treatment time. A new surgical technique was introduced to accelerate tooth movement during orthodontic treatment through combining surgical and orthodontic treatment by doing surgical reduction of the bone mass in the path of desired tooth movement prior to start orthodontic alignment of the teeth. This case report showed treatment of 21 years old male patient complaint of teeth malalignment and he requested to finish treatment in short time. Upper right first premolar and lower left second premolar were extracted, all the bones in the desired path of tooth movement was removed and the dentoalveolar distraction procedure was performed using Nickel Titanium closing coil spring and power chain. Complete teeth alignment was achieved in two months period and the anchorage teeth were able to withstand the retraction forces with minimal anchorage loss.
Background: The orthodontic community has strived in the past few years to obtain and use materials and techniques that increase the bond strength between orthodontic brackets and the enamel surface of the teeth. Materials and Methods:... more
Background: The orthodontic community has strived in the past few years to obtain and use materials and techniques that increase the bond strength between orthodontic brackets and the enamel surface of the teeth. Materials and Methods: This article emphasizes literature review on enamel surface preparation and shear bond strength. This study was identified by a literature search of Medline-PUBMED, Science Direct and Google scholar using predetermined key words. Results: Even though the materials presented sufficient shear bond strength to retain brackets throughout the treatment, it may damage the enamel due to the required acid etching; this damage may result in discoloration of the tooth surface following the completion of the treatment, or even may result in increased liability to tooth decay. Conclusion: We need an alternative or additional method to avoid above mentioned problems. Thus, this review study will help in more understanding about the background information about ena...
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Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effect of active skeletonized sutural distractor (ASSD) appliance on temporomandibular joint morphology of class III malocclusion subjects. Materials and Methods This was... more
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effect of active skeletonized sutural distractor (ASSD) appliance on temporomandibular joint morphology of class III malocclusion subjects. Materials and Methods This was a prospective interventional study. Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images of 22 patients were taken before and after treatment by using Planmeca Promax 3D CBCT machine version 2.9.2 (Planmeca OY Helsinki, Finland). The condylar width, height, length, roof of glenoid fossa thickness, and all joint spaces were measured. The condylar position was determined based on Pullinger and Hollander formula. The condylar shape was determined as per Kinzinger et al. The condylar volume was calculated by using Mimics software (Materialize, Belgium). Statistical Analysis Data analysis was performed by using SPSS software version 24. Wilcoxon paired signed-rank test was used to compare the difference in temporomandibular joint morphology and condylar volu...
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The duration of treatment is the most concern among orthodontic patients. It is of a challenge for an orthodontist to shorten the treatment time. A new surgical technique was introduced to accelerate tooth movement during orthodontic... more
The duration of treatment is the most concern among orthodontic patients. It is of a challenge for an orthodontist to shorten the treatment time. A new surgical technique was introduced to accelerate tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. This new technique is the surgical reduction of bone mass in the pathway of desired tooth movement before orthodontic treatment. This case report explained the treatment of a 21-year-old male patient with severe-to-moderate crowded dentition and he requested to get the treatment done in a short period of time. Upper right first premolar and lower left second premolar were extracted, the bone in the desired pathway of all teeth movement was reduced and the dentoalveolar distraction procedure performed using nickel-titanium closing coil spring and rubber power chain. Full teeth alignment was achieved in 3 months period and the anchorage teeth were able to withstand the retraction forces with minimal anchorage loss.
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This work reports the modification of freeze/thaw poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel using citric acid as the bioactive molecule for hydroxyapatite formation in simulated body fluid. Inclusion of 1.3 mM citric acid into the poly(vinyl alcohol)... more
This work reports the modification of freeze/thaw poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel using citric acid as the bioactive molecule for hydroxyapatite formation in simulated body fluid. Inclusion of 1.3 mM citric acid into the poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel showed that the mechanical strength, crystalline phase, functional groups and swelling ability were still intact. Adding citric acid at higher concentrations (1.8 and 2.3 mM), however, resulted in physically poor hydrogels. Presence of 1.3 mM of citric acid showed the growth of porous hydroxyapatite crystals on the poly(vinyl alcohol) surface just after one day of immersion in simulated body fluid. Meanwhile, a fully covered apatite layer on the poly(vinyl alcohol) surface plus the evidence of apatite forming within the hydrogel were observed after soaking for seven days. Gel strength of the soaked poly(vinyl alcohol)/citric acid-1.3 mM hydrogel revealed that the load resistance was enhanced compared to that of the neat poly(vinyl alcohol) ...
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Quality bone regeneration, which leads to the improvement of bone remodeling, is essential for orthodontic treatment. In order to improve bone regeneration and increase the amount of tooth movement, different techniques have been... more
Quality bone regeneration, which leads to the improvement of bone remodeling, is essential for orthodontic treatment. In order to improve bone regeneration and increase the amount of tooth movement, different techniques have been implemented. The object of this study is to compare the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), and their combination on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. Eighty (80) male, 6-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were grouped in to four groups, the first group was irradiated with (940 nm) diode laser, second group with LIPUS, and third group with combination of both LLLT and LIPUS. A forth group used was a control group in an incomplete block split-mouth design. The LLLT and LIPUS were used to treat the area around the moving tooth once a day on days 0-7, then the experiment was ended in each experimental endpoint (1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days). For amount of tooth movement, models were imaged and analyzed. Hi...
Stainless steel alloys containing 8% to 12% nickel and 17% to 22% chromium are generally used in orthodontic appliances. A major concern has been the performance of alloys in the environment in which they are intended to function in the... more
Stainless steel alloys containing 8% to 12% nickel and 17% to 22% chromium are generally used in orthodontic appliances. A major concern has been the performance of alloys in the environment in which they are intended to function in the oral cavity. Biodegradation and metal release increase the risk of hypersensitivity and cytotoxicity. This case report describes for the first time a CAD/CAM zirconium bar as a bonded mandibular fixed retainer with 2-year follow-up in a patient who is subjected to long-term treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance and suspected to have metal hypersensitivity as shown by the considerable increase of nickel and chromium concentrations in a sample of patient’s unstimulated saliva. The CAD/CAM design included a 1.8 mm thickness bar on the lingual surface of lower teeth from canine to canine with occlusal rests on mesial side of first premolars. For better retention, a thin layer of feldspathic ceramic was added to the inner surface of the bar and cemen...
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Research Interests:
Introduction: Prevention and treatment of malocclusion through myofunctional therapy and elimination of bad oral habits is possible. Miswak used to cleaning the tooth. Surface electromyography (sEMG) measures the behavior of the muscular... more
Introduction: Prevention and treatment of malocclusion through myofunctional therapy and elimination of bad oral habits is possible. Miswak used to cleaning the tooth. Surface electromyography (sEMG) measures the behavior of the muscular activity noninvasively.Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a technique for mapping brain activity. Objectives: To assess myofunction by sEMG of face (massetor) and head (temporalis) muscles during brushing teeth with novel physical agent named Miswak that may play a vital role in face and head muscles exercise. And examine the effect of Miswak induced short exercise on excitement level of brain by recording magnetic flux. Methods: sEMG has been used to examine the myofunctional activity of face and head muscles under different teeth brushing circumstance of a healthy person. And spontaneous MEG recording was done before and after tooth brushing in four conditions (rest, left hand pinch grip, right hand pinch grip and both hand pinch grip) and neural sig...
Insufficient information is available regarding the presentation of related instructions given by the orthodontists. The purpose of this study was to find out the extensiveness of related instructions given by the orthodontist in Malaysia... more
Insufficient information is available regarding the presentation of related instructions given by the orthodontists. The purpose of this study was to find out the extensiveness of related instructions given by the orthodontist in Malaysia and to associate the instructions given to the years of service and type of practice. Questionnaire were sent to 120 qualified orthodontist, only 48 responded data were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used. Our results demonstrated that most orthodontists advised on the use of manual orthodontic toothbrush (95.8%), interdental toothbrush (81.3%) and fluoridated toothpaste (91.7%). Half of the respondent (56.3%) prescribed fluoride mouthwashes. Most favour Oral B and Colgate Phos-fur despite of the neutral pH level preference (72.9%). Minority recommend on electric toothbrush (2.1%), disclosing tablet (2.1%), oral irrigator (4.2%) and chlorhexidine mouthwashes (2.1%). Most instructed to avoid hard food (95.8%) and sticky food (85.4%)...
This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric daycare unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia to determine the prevalence of craniofacial deformities (CFD) and the association between these deformities and... more
This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric daycare unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia to determine the prevalence of craniofacial deformities (CFD) and the association between these deformities and different clinical presentations among thalassemia patients. Patients were classified as either craniofacial deformity positive (CFD+) or craniofacial deformity negative (CFD-) by two examiners based on the presence or absence of deformity of the cheeks, frontal and/or maxillary bones. Fifteen clinical parameters were compared between the groups. Nineteen out of 43 patients (44.2%; confidence interval, 30.2-58.2%) had craniofacial deformities (CFD+). Both groups were comparable among the clinical parameters studied. Patients in the CFD+ group did not start their blood transfusions significantly earlier than the CFD- group (p = 0.50) and had a nonsignificantly lower mean pretransfusion hemoglobin level than the CFD- group (p = 0.71). Patients receiving regu...
Research Interests:
The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system. The sample... more
The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system. The sample consisted of 35 sets of dental costs. Maxillary and mandibular dental crown widths and selected dental arch dimensions were measured directly using digital calipers. Cast images were also captured by a stereophotogrammetric system and analysed using Australis software. Dahlberg's formula, paired t-tests and intra-class correlations were used to assess the random error, validity and reliability of the measurements, respectively. Most values demonstrated no significant difference between the direct and three-dimensional measurements with mean differences ranging from 0.05-0.21 mm. Moreover, values of intra-class correlation coefficients ranged between 0.80-0.99 for intra-examiner reliability. Mesiodistal crown widths and dental arch dimensions may be meas...
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
To compare the mesio-distal tooth sizes and dental arch dimensions in Malay boys and girls with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions. The dental casts of 150 subjects (78 boys, 72 girls), between 12 and 16 years of age, with... more
To compare the mesio-distal tooth sizes and dental arch dimensions in Malay boys and girls with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions. The dental casts of 150 subjects (78 boys, 72 girls), between 12 and 16 years of age, with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions were used. Each group consisted of 50 subjects. An electronic digital caliper was used to measure the mesio-distal tooth sizes of the upper and lower permanent teeth (first molar to first molar), the intercanine and intermolar widths. The arch lengths and arch perimeters were measured with AutoCAD software (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA, U.S.A.). The mesio-distal dimensions of the upper lateral incisors and canines in the Class I malocclusion group were significantly smaller than the corresponding teeth in the Class III and Class II groups, respectively. The lower canines and first molars were significantly smaller in the Class I group than the corresponding teeth in the Class II group. The lower intercanine...
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Research Interests: Dentistry, Malaysia, Cleft Palate, Face, Cephalometry, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Female, Male, LIP, Eye, Mouth, Cleft Lip, Age Factors, Anatomic Landmarks, Nose, Cross Sectional Studies, Orbit, Chin, and Case Control Studies
Assessment of orthodontic treatment need and demand helps in planning orthodontic services and estimating the required resources and man power. The aim of this study was to assess the orthodontic treatment need and demand and to assess... more
Assessment of orthodontic treatment need and demand helps in planning orthodontic services and estimating the required resources and man power. The aim of this study was to assess the orthodontic treatment need and demand and to assess the association between the orthodontic treatment demand and factors such as ITON, gender, and age. Treatment need was assessed using the DHC and AC of IOTN among 12- and 16-year-old Malay school children. The treatment demand was also assessed through a modified health questionnaire and its association with IOTN, age, and gender. A total number of 837 Malay school children were randomly recruited (389 males and 448 females divided into two age groups; 12-year olds; and 16-year olds). Findings showed that 51.4% of 12-year-old school children had definite need for treatment (DHC>4) while 22% of them desired treatment. Among 16-year-old subjects, 56.4% showed definite need for treatment while 47.2% desired treatment. The 16-year-old group was more in...
ABSTRACT Leukaemia is a life threatening form of cancer, which causes an uncontrollable increase in the production of malformed white blood cells, termed blasts, inhibiting the body's ability to fight infection. Given the variety... more
ABSTRACT Leukaemia is a life threatening form of cancer, which causes an uncontrollable increase in the production of malformed white blood cells, termed blasts, inhibiting the body's ability to fight infection. Given the variety of leukaemia types and the disease's nature, prompt diagnosis is essential for the choice of appropriate, timely patient treatment. Currently, however, the diagnostic process is time consuming and laborious. To target this issue we propose a methodology based on an existing system, for automated blast detection and diagnosis from a set of blood smear images, utilising a mixture of image processing, cellular automata, heuristic search and classification techniques. Our system builds upon this work, by employing General Purpose Graphical Processing Unit programming, to shorten execution times. Additionally, we utilise an enhanced ellipse-fitting algorithm for blast cell detection, yielding more information from captured cells. We show that the methodology is efficient, producing highly accurate classification results.
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This paper presents a method for the identification of leukaemia cells within images of blood smear microscope slides, which is currently a time consuming manual process. The work presented is the first stage of a procedure aimed at... more
This paper presents a method for the identification of leukaemia cells within images of blood smear microscope slides, which is currently a time consuming manual process. The work presented is the first stage of a procedure aimed at classifying the sub-types of Acute ...