Research Interests:
Background: There are few sports-specific knee functional scales in the Arabic language. The Knee Outcome Survey–Sports Activities Scale (KOS-SAS) is a validated sports-specific patient-reported outcome measure that assesses knee function... more
Background: There are few sports-specific knee functional scales in the Arabic language. The Knee Outcome Survey–Sports Activities Scale (KOS-SAS) is a validated sports-specific patient-reported outcome measure that assesses knee function in an athletic population. Purpose: To provide a validated Arabic version of the KOS-SAS (KOS-SAS-Ar) while achieving cross-cultural adaptation for use in an Arabic-speaking population with sports-related knee disorders. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: There were 2 independent translators who conducted a forward translation of the KOS-SAS, followed by a backward translation by different translators. Subsequently, researchers and expert invitees judged the conceptual content and cultural adaptations of the final translation. A total of 276 patients completed the KOS-SAS-Ar as well as the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective assessment of knee function and a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Statistical analysis was performed for test-retest reliability, convergent validity, construct validity, and factor analysis. Results: The test-retest reliability of the KOS-SAS-Ar was high ( r = 0.9). The items of the KOS-SAS-Ar had statistically significant internal consistency, with a Cronbach alpha of .924 ( P < .0001). The KOS-SAS-Ar Symptoms subscore correlated with the VAS pain score ( P < .0001), and the KOS-SAS-Ar Functional Limitations subscore correlated with the IKDC subjective score ( P < .0001). The construct validity of the KOS-SAS-Ar was satisfactory (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value = 0.868; Bartlett test: P < .0001). Factor analysis showed a statistical correlation among the 11 items of the KOS-SAS-Ar. Conclusion: The KOS-SAS-Ar demonstrated favorable reliability and validity, and it appears to be a suitable tool for Arabic-speaking patients with sports-related knee conditions.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to evaluate orthodontic mini-implant placement in the maxillary anterior alveolar region by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 15 patients at a single center in South India.Material/MethodsA total of... more
BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to evaluate orthodontic mini-implant placement in the maxillary anterior alveolar region by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 15 patients at a single center in South India.Material/MethodsA total of 15 CBCT scans of orthodontic patients after completion of leveling and aligning stage were included. The thickness of labial alveolar bone, labio-palatal bone, and inter-radicular distance between the maxillary central incisors (U1-U1), maxillary central and lateral incisor (U1–U2), and maxillary lateral incisor and canine (U2–U3) at vertical levels 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm above the interdental cementoenamel junction were measured. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc tests were done to assess the differences among the groups. An independent t test was done to analyze differences by sex.ResultsThe thickness of cortical bone in the labial region was higher in the U2–U3 site than in the U1-U1 site, at a height of 4 mm. Also, there was a significant difference between 4 mm and 8 mm heights in the U2–U3 region. No significant difference was noted in bone dimensions among men and women and in the labio-palatal bone thickness among the different sites. The inter-radicular distance was the highest between the U2–U3 site, while it was the lowest in the U1–U2 site.ConclusionsThe findings from this center showed that when CBCT was used to evaluate orthodontic mini-implant placement in the maxillary anterior alveolar region, the U2–U3 and U1-U1 locations at heights between 6 mm to 8 mm apical to the interdental cementoenamel junction were optimal for placement of the mini-implants.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is a rare phenomenon. To date, there has been some cases reported from countries such as United States, Ecuador, Hong Kong, the Netherlands and Belgium. This case report presents the first case of reinfection... more
Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is a rare phenomenon. To date, there has been some cases reported from countries such as United States, Ecuador, Hong Kong, the Netherlands and Belgium. This case report presents the first case of reinfection from Saudi Arabia, and probably the first dental student to have been re-infected with COVID-19. A 24-year-old male dental student presents with reinfection after a period of three months since he was first infected with COVID-19. The signs and symptoms reported by the patient were similar in both instances, except that he developed fever only at the time of reinfection. The infection and reinfection were confirmed with a RT-PCR test reports. This report highlights how it is necessary to continue to observe all the prescriptions recently indicated in the literature in order to avoid new contagion for all health workers after healed from covid-19 or asymptomatic positive, since as seen sometimes the infection does not ensures complete immunity in 100% of cases.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Summary Objective To assess the effect of clear aligners on the speech of patients undergoing orthodontic therapy through a systematic review of the literature. Search methods and selection criteria: The protocol of this systematic review... more
Summary Objective To assess the effect of clear aligners on the speech of patients undergoing orthodontic therapy through a systematic review of the literature. Search methods and selection criteria: The protocol of this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42021278694. An electronic search of the Scopus, Embase, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases was done for papers published between January 2000 till September 2021. Studies that evaluated speech difficulties in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners using objective and subjective analyses were included. The evaluated primary outcome was speech difficulties. Secondary outcomes were time to adaptation and recovery from speech difficulties. Study quality was assessed based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Handbook guidelines and ROBINS-I tool. Results Two hundred and eighty-three articles were screened to identify seven studies (n = 332 patients) that assessed speech difficulty with aligners, of which two were randomized trials. Meta-analysis was not performed due to the heterogeneity in the study designs. Five studies compared speech difficulty with aligners to fixed appliances. Two studies showed a moderate risk of bias and five studies had a serious risk of bias. Level of evidence was downgraded to low due to the methodological insufficiencies and risk of bias in the studies. All seven studies reported that aligners could influence the clarity and delivery of speech, similar to fixed appliances. Various phonemes were affected including /s/,/z/,/zh/,/sh/,/th/,/ch/ on wearing aligners. Errors in articulation of consonants and sibilants were noted with lisping and speech impairment. These speech difficulties were temporary and most patients recovered in 7–14 days while few patients took 30-60 days to recover. Conclusion The likelihood of speech difficulties appears high with clear aligners. However, patients adapt quickly and speech returns to normal. The results of this review must be interpreted with caution and more well-designed randomized trials examining long-term effects of aligners on speech are indicated. Clinical Significance Orthodontists should counsel patients opting for clear aligner treatment of the potential transient speech difficulties. Registration The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42021278694.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (HDFN) imposes great healthcare burden being associated with maternal alloimmunization against parental-inherited fetal red blood cell antigens causing fetal anemia or death. Noninvasive prenatal... more
Hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (HDFN) imposes great healthcare burden being associated with maternal alloimmunization against parental-inherited fetal red blood cell antigens causing fetal anemia or death. Noninvasive prenatal analysis (NIPT) provides safe fetal RHD genotyping for early identification of risk pregnancies and proper management guidance. We aimed to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis on NIPT's beneficial application, in conjunction with quantitative maternal alloantibody analysis, for early diagnosis of pregnancies at risk. Search for relevant articles was done in; PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Ovid (January 2006April 2020), including only English-written articles reporting reference tests and accuracy data. Nineteen eligible studies were critically appraised. NIPT was estimated highly sensitive/specific for fetal RHD genotyping beyond 11-week gestation. Amplifications from ≥2 exons are optimum to increase accuracy. NIPT permits cost-effectiveness, precious resources sparing, and low emotional stress. Knowledge of parental ethnicity is important for correct NIPT result interpretations and quantitative screening. Cut-off titer ≥8-up-to-32 is relevant for anti-D alloantibodies, while, lower titer is for anti-K. Alloimmunization is influenced by maternal RHD status, gravida status, and history of adverse obstetrics. In conclusion, NIPT allows evidence-based provision of routine anti-D immunoprophylaxis and estimates potential fetal risks for guiding further interventions. Future large-scale studies investigating NIPT's non-RHD genotyping within different ethnic groups and in presence of clinically significant alloantibodies are needed.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
e22245 Background: Pemetrexed in combination with platinum chemotherapy is an indicated regimen for treatment of adv non-squamous NSCLC. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of pem...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
e17040 Background: Metformin has been shown to decrease cancer incidence, recurrence and improve overall survival among DM patients with various malignancies. Evidence indicates that metformin may ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
This study compared tooth color and enamel and dentinal thickness between orthodontically treated and untreated individuals. (1) Methods: A matched case–control study was conducted. The sample included 26 patients who had received... more
This study compared tooth color and enamel and dentinal thickness between orthodontically treated and untreated individuals. (1) Methods: A matched case–control study was conducted. The sample included 26 patients who had received orthodontic treatment and 31 matched controls. The color assessment was performed subjectively using the VITA 3D-Master (VM) shade guide and objectively using the VITA Easyshade (VE) spectrophotometer. Differences in L*, a*, and b* (lightness, red/green, and blue/yellow) were calculated. The color change was evaluated using ΔE*ab and the whiteness index (WID). Tooth structure thickness (labiolingual, labial enamel, and labial dentin) was evaluated using cone-beam computerized tomography. The correlations between overall tooth color and tooth structure thickness were evaluated. (2) Results: A total of 228 teeth were evaluated. Color assessment using VM showed significant differences between orthodontically treated and untreated teeth (p < 0.001), while V...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Background: To qualitatively and quantitatively review the reliability of palatal rugae as a tool for personal identification following orthodontic treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective studies assessing the accuracy of... more
Background: To qualitatively and quantitatively review the reliability of palatal rugae as a tool for personal identification following orthodontic treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective studies assessing the accuracy of matching palatal rugae pattern pre- and post-orthodontic treatment were identified from PubMed and SCOPUS databases. The title and abstract of the articles identified in the search were screened for potential duplicates and relevancy to the topic of interest. The full text of the articles selected in the screening was analyzed using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quantitative analysis of the studies representing coherent data in terms of age and treatment choice was performed using RevMan software. Results: Out of 64 screened articles, only 18 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. Out of these 18 articles, only 3 studies had data compatible with the quantitative analysis. Significant changes were no...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of identification and/or classification of the stage of cervical vertebrae maturity on lateral cephalograms by neural networks as compared with the ground truth determined by human... more
ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of identification and/or classification of the stage of cervical vertebrae maturity on lateral cephalograms by neural networks as compared with the ground truth determined by human observers.Materials and MethodsSearch results from four electronic databases (PubMed [MEDLINE], Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were screened by two independent reviewers, and potentially relevant articles were chosen for full-text evaluation. Articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and methodologic assessment by the QUADAS-2 tool.ResultsThe search identified 425 articles across the databases, from which 8 were selected for inclusion. Most publications concerned the development of the models with different input features. Performance of the systems was evaluated against the classifications performed by human observers. The accuracy of the models on the test data ranged from 50% to more than 90%. There were concerns in all...
Research Interests:
Background: Hydrocephalus is a worldwide disorder characterized by abnormal flow or rarely excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to the widening of the cerebral ventricles system due to the accumulation of the cerebrospinal... more
Background: Hydrocephalus is a worldwide disorder characterized by abnormal flow or rarely excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to the widening of the cerebral ventricles system due to the accumulation of the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Previous researches have shown that knowledge about the disorder is limited among healthcare providers and the population, affecting attitudes toward patients, as well as patient outcomes. Aim: To investigate healthcare providers and population's knowledge and attitudes towards hydrocephalus in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted through an electronic questionnaire. The survey was self-constructed in Arabic and English by the research team and inspired by other awareness questionnaires and validated before use by three experts. Results: There were 444 participants in this study, aged between 17 and 73 years with a mean age of 32.60 ± 10.98. Most of the participants were from the general population (74.8%). More than half of the participants had a bachelor's degree (60.1%). 38.4% of healthcare providers had negative knowledge while 61.6% had positive knowledge. In addition, 82.5% of the general population had negative knowledge, although 17.5% had positive knowledge. Moreover, it was observed that 17.0% of the healthcare providers had a bad attitude while 83.0% had a good attitude. In addition, 60.2% of the general population had a bad attitude, whereas 39.8% had a good attitude. Conclusion: This study revealed that the level of knowledge and attitude towards hydrocephalus among healthcare providers was good on both aspects, while it was poor among the general population.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Aim: Orthodontic literature is scant when it comes to microbial corrosion. The oral prevalence of many bacteria which are capable of causing microbial corrosion is reported in the dental literature. The aim of this study is to... more
Aim: Orthodontic literature is scant when it comes to microbial corrosion. The oral prevalence of many bacteria which are capable of causing microbial corrosion is reported in the dental literature. The aim of this study is to experimentally determine the corrosive potential of an oral strain of Sulfate-reducing bacteria. Materials and Methods: Stainless steel (SS) bracket, stainless steel archwire, NiTi archwire, Titanium molybdenum (TMA) archwire, and titanium miniscrew were immersed in five media which included Artificial saliva (group I), Sulfate rich artificial saliva (group II), API agar medium specific for SRB (group III), AS + API medium+ bacterial strain (group IV), SRAS+ API medium+ bacterial strain (group V). The materials were then subjected to Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Results: Materials in groups I, II, and III did not show any surface changes whereas materials in groups IV and V which contained the bacteria showed surface...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Adult patients with severe vertical growth pattern, skeletal class III malocclusion and open bite anteriorly are difficult orthodontic cases to treat. An orthognathic surgical treatment plan may benefit adult patients with such types of... more
Adult patients with severe vertical growth pattern, skeletal class III malocclusion and open bite anteriorly are difficult orthodontic cases to treat. An orthognathic surgical treatment plan may benefit adult patients with such types of complex malocclusions, however in certain cases, the patient’s medical history may contraindicate the surgical treatment plan. A male patient aged 17 years presented with a prognathic mandible, Angle’s class III malocclusion on a class III skeletal base with proclination in upper incisors, retroclination of lower incisors, and reduced facial convexity. Patient gave history of asthma and complex cardiac diseases including arrhythmia, irregular heartbeat, and pacemaker. This case report describes a non-surgical approach of distalization of mandibular and maxillary arches performed with the help of miniplates to achieve an improvement in the facial balance without surgery.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
BackgroundEarly pre-eruptive inclination changes of the first premolar (FP) and its associative changes with canine (C) inclination are important to predict canine impaction. This study aimed to evaluate the mesiodistal root angulation of... more
BackgroundEarly pre-eruptive inclination changes of the first premolar (FP) and its associative changes with canine (C) inclination are important to predict canine impaction. This study aimed to evaluate the mesiodistal root angulation of permanent lateral incisors (LI), canines, and first molars by orthopantomogram dental imaging in 296 children ages 6–14 years at a single center in India.Material/MethodsThe total number of participants was 296, with equal numbers of boys and girls divided into 4 age groups: 6–8 years, 8–10 years, 10–12 years, and 12–14 years. Angles between lateral incisor, erupting canine, and first pre-premolar with midline were measured on an orthopantomogram (dental imaging which includes all the teeth with TMJ). The angle between the erupting C with LI and erupting C with FP was measured. Pearson’s correlation was also evaluated between the movement of the erupting canine with lateral incisor and erupting canine with erupting first premolar.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the angular values of different age groups (P≤0.05). The movements between LI, C, and FP were moderately correlated boys and girls aged 6–12 years.ConclusionsThe findings from this study showed that in boys and girls aged 6–14 years, eruption of the upper canine tooth was synchronized with eruption of the LI and FP.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Aim of Study: To assess primary healthcare (PHC) physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practices related to prevention and management of diabetic foot. Methods: Following a cross-sectional study design, a self-administered questionnaire... more
Aim of Study: To assess primary healthcare (PHC) physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practices related to prevention and management of diabetic foot. Methods: Following a cross-sectional study design, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to PHC physicians in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practices related to diabetic foot prevention and management. Results: The study included 150 PHC physicians, out of whom 55.3% were males. General practitioners comprised 63.3%, specialists 20% and consultants 16.7% of the sample. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge, attitude and practice scores of PHC physicians. Mean percent knowledge scores were highest among family physicians than those with other specialties (p=0.048), and were significantly highest among physicians with more than 10 years’ experience in PHC (p=0.032). Attitude scores did not differ significantly according to their personal characteristics. Practice...
Research Interests:
Introduction: Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema (RS3PE) is a rare syndrome which was first reported by McCarty et al. in 1985. The association between RS3PE and both benign tumors and cancers has been... more
Introduction: Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema (RS3PE) is a rare syndrome which was first reported by McCarty et al. in 1985. The association between RS3PE and both benign tumors and cancers has been reported in the literature. Case Presentation: We hereby report a case of RS3PE associated with an early-stage colorectal cancer. A 67-year-old male patient not known to have any medical illness presented to the rheumatology clinic complaining of bilateral joint pain in both ankles for 5 weeks associated with symmetrical feet edema. Laboratory findings showed negative rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were high. Ultrasound showed grade II synovitis in both ankles without erosions. The symptoms rapidly resolved with short-term low-dose corticosteroid. Fecal occult blood was requested, and it returned positive. Col...