Introduction: Metastases to the sinonasal region is rare and presents with features overlapping with various regional neoplastic/non-neoplastic lesions. This series aims to highlight the clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties... more
Introduction: Metastases to the sinonasal region is rare and presents with features overlapping with various regional neoplastic/non-neoplastic lesions. This series aims to highlight the clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties of sinonasal metastases. Material and Method: A review of pertinent demographic and laboratory data for patients diagnosed with metastases to the sinonasal region, over a period of 6 years (2012- 2017) was done. Results and Discussion: Seven cases (males- 6, females-1) of sinonasal metastases were identified. The age ranged from 41-72 years. The common clinical presentation was nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and pain. Grossly tumors were irregular masses (mean size – 4.1cm) with maxillary sinus as the most common site. The histologic types included Squamous cell carcinoma (3 cases), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2 cases), and one case each of infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and eccrine spiradenocarcinoma. The site of the primary tumor was larynx (2...
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Epithelioid leiomyoma is a rare variant of leiomyoma. The tumour includes three distinct entities, leiomyoblastoma, clear cell leiomyoma and plexiform leiomyoma. It is histologically characterised by epithelioid cells, clear cells or... more
Epithelioid leiomyoma is a rare variant of leiomyoma. The tumour includes three distinct entities, leiomyoblastoma, clear cell leiomyoma and plexiform leiomyoma. It is histologically characterised by epithelioid cells, clear cells or plexiform pattern in varied proportions. We report a case of a 49-year-old female with complaints of palpable mass per abdomen and spotting per vagina. Radiology revealed a complex cystic mass with obscured right ovary. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy. Pathological examination showed a posterior wall lesion with central 9 × 8 cm cyst with multiple septations and surrounding rim of solid areas. Microscopic examination showed a clear cell epithelioid leiomyoma. No mitosis/tumour cell necrosis was seen. The clinical course of epithelioid leiomyoma is still unclear owing to absence of large studies. Small size, clear cell histology, mitosis of < 2/10 High Power Field (HPF) and hyalinization are features of a...
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Delta-beta Thalassemia is a rare variant of thalassemia with elevated Hb F. Heterozygous and homozygous state of delta-beta thalassemia present with features similar to Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Haemoglobin (HPFH) and beta... more
Delta-beta Thalassemia is a rare variant of thalassemia with elevated Hb F. Heterozygous and homozygous state of delta-beta thalassemia present with features similar to Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Haemoglobin (HPFH) and beta thalassemia intermedia. Here, we describe a case of 8-month-old female child with anaemia and splenomegaly. Haemoglobin electrophoresis showed 100% HbF and no HbA and HbA2. Patient was put on haematinics and advised a repeat haemoglobin electrophoresis after completion of 1 year of age, and family screening. Hb electrophoresis of the patient at the age of 2 years mirrored the earlier findings and her father, mother and brother showed increased Hb F with normal HbA2 levels. A final diagnosis of homozygous delta-beta thalassemia in the case with sibling and parents being heterozygous delta-beta thalassemia trait was rendered. Haemoglobin electrophoresis with red cell indices forms an important diagnostic clue in differentiating delta-beta thalassemia from othe...
A MULTIPLEXER is an essential electronic device which is basically used for all kind of electronic switching. It is commonly called as data selector. The contemporary in VLSI is demanding the need of devices which dissipates low power.... more
A MULTIPLEXER is an essential electronic device which is basically used for all kind of electronic switching. It is commonly called as data selector. The contemporary in VLSI is demanding the need of devices which dissipates low power. Adiabatic logic family is fulfilling our demands, which dissipates low power through them. In this paper, we have studied the various adiabatic logic styles: Adiabatic dynamic CMOS logic, two phase drive adiabatic dynamic logic, Glitch free and Cascadable adiabatic logic and two phase clocked adiabatic static CMOS logic. Further, we design a 2:1 multiplexer using Static CMOS and 2PADCL logic style. The 2:1 multiplexer was designed and simulated using HSPICE with 180nm technology parameters provided by predictive technology. The 2:1 multiplexer designed using 2padcl is analyzed on the basis of average power consumed by them for various values of load capacitance, input frequency and temperature. The results are then compared with static CMOS. It is obs...
Winging of scapula occurs most commonly due to injury to long thoracic nerve supplying serratus anterior muscle. Traumatic injury to serratus anterior muscle itself is very rare. We reported a case of traumatic winging of scapula due to... more
Winging of scapula occurs most commonly due to injury to long thoracic nerve supplying serratus anterior muscle. Traumatic injury to serratus anterior muscle itself is very rare. We reported a case of traumatic winging of scapula due to tear of serratus anterior muscle in a 19-year-old male. Winging was present in neutral position and in extension of right shoulder joint but not on "push on wall" test. Patient was managed conservatively and achieved satisfactory result.
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The most common cause of proximal radioulnar synostosis in adults is traumatic, usually after forearm fractures. Disabling complications are mainly loss of rotatory movements of the forearm. Various surgical procedures have been described... more
The most common cause of proximal radioulnar synostosis in adults is traumatic, usually after forearm fractures. Disabling complications are mainly loss of rotatory movements of the forearm. Various surgical procedures have been described in the literature to end up in forearm synostosis as a complication. We here presented a rare case of proximal forearm synostosis following a common but improper surgical technique for an olecranon fracture complicated by implant infection. The synostosis was treated by resection and fascia lata interposition graft.
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Background: Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common abdominal pathologies having variable outcome ranging from self limiting abdominal pain to high mortality and morbidity due to organ failure, over the past five decades, various... more
Background: Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common abdominal pathologies having variable outcome ranging from self limiting abdominal pain to high mortality and morbidity due to organ failure, over the past five decades, various classification systems have emerged to classify pancreatitis according to its severity , and the associated complications have emerged to classify acute pancreatitis and its various complications, such as Apache Scoring , Ct Severity , Modified Ct Severity ,Ransen and Atlanta Classification. Objectives: We in our study will be classifying patients suffering from acute pancreatitis according to the revised Atlanta classification to divide them into interstitial edematous pancreatitis and necrotizing pancreatitis. The local complications will be classified according to CT imaging findings into acute necrotic collection, psuedocyst, acute necrotic collection and walled of necrosis. Organ failure will be assessed according to modified marshal scoring syste...
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Materials, Methods and Procedures: A multicenter, retrospective multicenter study was conducted on patients with AF who underwent cardiac CT prior to catheter ablation between 01/01/2010 and 12/31/2015. Patients were grouped by presence... more
Materials, Methods and Procedures: A multicenter, retrospective multicenter study was conducted on patients with AF who underwent cardiac CT prior to catheter ablation between 01/01/2010 and 12/31/2015. Patients were grouped by presence or absence of prior CVA/TIA. Patients with mitral stenosis, prior mechanical aortic valve replacement, ascending aortic arch atheroma, highrisk patent foramen ovale, history of atrial septal repair or device, preexisting LAA thrombus or intra-cardiac tumor, or prior open-heart surgery were excluded. Further exclusion was performed for patients with sub-optimal or unavailable cardiac CT imaging by investigators blinded to clinical data. Blinded investigators obtained RL by measuring the distance between the left superior pulmonary venous ostium and the internal ostium of the left atrial appendage. LAA FD was calculated using semi-automated volume rendering and processing software (ImageJ, Bethesda, MD) [1] and LAA FD are presented as means (95% confid...
A heat exchanger is usually characterized by two types of thermodynamic losses. First of these two losses is associated with the heat transfer across a finite temperature difference. The second loss is due to pressure drop due to friction... more
A heat exchanger is usually characterized by two types of thermodynamic losses. First of these two losses is associated with the heat transfer across a finite temperature difference. The second loss is due to pressure drop due to friction in a heat exchanger. The loss associated with heat transfer across a finite temperature difference can be mitigated by increasing the heat transfer area and reducing the local temperature difference through enhancements. However, increasing the heat transfer area can lead to greater overall frictional loss and higher pressure drop. This shows that the two losses are mutually conflicting, which points to the existence of an optimum heat exchanger design where these two losses are minimized. The two losses can be quantified by a single number which is the total entropy generated in the heat exchanger. Total entropy generation should be minimized to arrive at an optimum heat exchanger design. In this paper, the principle of entropy generation minimi...
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─ In this work a Yee’s mesh based full vectorial transverse finite difference frequency (FDFD) modesolver has been derived from discretized Maxwell’s equations in Matrix form for anisotropic waveguides with arbitrary permittivity and... more
─ In this work a Yee’s mesh based full vectorial transverse finite difference frequency (FDFD) modesolver has been derived from discretized Maxwell’s equations in Matrix form for anisotropic waveguides with arbitrary permittivity and permeability tensors. This work incorporates arbitrary permittivity and permeability simultaneously into matrix equations of Yee’s mesh based modesolver, which previous works have not done. For benchmarking the Python implementation of these matrix equations, cross section of Yittrium Iron Garnate (YIG) channel waveguide has been taken as first one of the three test structures. Numerical result from this work has been compared with that from previous work on YIG channel waveguide and is found to be in good agreement. Further, for benchmarking the effective index values of waveguides having both permittivity and permeability anisotropic simultaneously, a finite element based commercial software (COMSOL) has been used, the values of effective indexes from...
Sturge Weber syndrome is a type of neurocutaneous disorder also known as meningofacial angiomatosis. It is generally seen in paediatric age group and more commonly effects the males which present with delayed milestones, seizure disorder,... more
Sturge Weber syndrome is a type of neurocutaneous disorder also known as meningofacial angiomatosis. It is generally seen in paediatric age group and more commonly effects the males which present with delayed milestones, seizure disorder, loss of vision and other neurological deficits. Clinical suspicion of Sturge weber syndrome should be made on the presence of port wine stain(facial nevus) in a young children. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) plays a key role in detecting the various spectrum of cortical and vascular defects associated with the syndrome. Clinicians can come to a final diagnosis of Sturge weber syndrome, when the clinical history is supplemented with MRI findings. We in our case report will be discussing the various spectrum of MR findings in this rare neurocutaneous syndrome.
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In fin-and-tube heat exchangers operating at high temperatures such as Carbon Dioxide gas coolers, the heat transfer between neighboring tubes due to fin conduction affects the heat exchanger performance. In this research, a... more
In fin-and-tube heat exchangers operating at high temperatures such as Carbon Dioxide gas coolers, the heat transfer between neighboring tubes due to fin conduction affects the heat exchanger performance. In this research, a segment-by-segment heat exchanger model has been developed that can account for tube-to-tube conduction in two dimensions. The new model has been validated against experimental data for a gas cooler at 36 test conditions with total heat load varying between 6kW and 12kW. The refrigerant temperatures were measured at 27 locations on the different U-bends in the coil. The predicted heat load agreed within 3% and the refrigerant temperatures, agreed within 3.3K of measured values. The model is capable of simulating a heat exchanger that has both continuous and discontinuous i.e. cut fins. This paper investigates the effect of fin cuts on the performance of a Carbon Dioxide gas cooler through an exhaustive search method. In this approach, tubes are progressively sep...
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Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and nanoribbons (GNRs) are classes of nanographene molecules that exhibit highly tunable photophysical properties. There have been great strides in recent years to advance our understanding of nanographene... more
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and nanoribbons (GNRs) are classes of nanographene molecules that exhibit highly tunable photophysical properties. There have been great strides in recent years to advance our understanding of nanographene photophysics and develop their use in light-harvesting systems, such as artificial photosynthesis. Here, we review the latest studies of GQDs and GNRs which have shed new light onto their photophysical underpinnings through computational and advanced spectroscopic techniques. We discuss how the size, symmetry, and shape of nanographenes influence their molecular orbital structures and, consequentially, their spectroscopic signatures. The scope of this review is to comprehensively lay out the general photophysics of nanographenes starting with benzene and building up to larger polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, GQDs, and GNRs. We also explore a collection of publications from recent years that build upon the current understanding of nanographene photophysics and their potential application in light-driven processes from display, lasing, and sensing technology to photocatalytic water splitting.
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The Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) is used to transmit media in multimedia telephony applications. These applications are typically required to implement congestion control. This document describes the test cases to be used in the... more
The Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) is used to transmit media in multimedia telephony applications. These applications are typically required to implement congestion control. This document describes the test cases to be used in the performance evaluation of such congestion control algorithms in a controlled environment.
Research Interests: Computer Science and RFC
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Exciton size and dynamics were studied in assemblies of two well-defined graphene quantum dots of varying size: HBC, where the aromatic core consists of 42 C atoms and CQD with 78 C atoms. The synthesis of HBC and CQD were achieved using... more
Exciton size and dynamics were studied in assemblies of two well-defined graphene quantum dots of varying size: HBC, where the aromatic core consists of 42 C atoms and CQD with 78 C atoms. The synthesis of HBC and CQD were achieved using bottom-up chemical methods, while their assembly was studied using steady-state UV/Vis spectroscopy, X-ray scattering and electron microscopy. While HBC forms long ordered fibers, CQD was found not to assemble well. The exciton size and dynamics were studied using time-resolved laser spectroscopy. At early time (~100 fs), the exciton was found to delocalize over ~1-2 molecular units in both assemblies, which reflects the confined nature of excitons in carbon-based materials and is consistent with the calculated value of ~2 molecular units. Exciton-exciton annihilation measurements provided the exciton diffusion lengths of 16 nm and 3 nm for HBC and CQD, respectively.
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Background & objectives: Salmonellosis due to the consumption of contaminated poultry products is a well-known public health concern, and assessing the distribution of Salmonella serovars among poultry becomes important for better... more
Background & objectives: Salmonellosis due to the consumption of contaminated poultry products is a well-known public health concern, and assessing the distribution of Salmonella serovars among poultry becomes important for better prevention and control. The objective of the present study was to assess the distribution of Salmonella serovars among poultry. Methods: The isolates received at National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre during 2011-2016 were subjected to biochemical identification, followed by serological characterization to identify the Salmonella serovars, and the data were presented to exhibit the distribution of Salmonella serovars among poultry. Results: Salmonella was found to be present in poultry in all the regions included in the study. Salmonella Typhimurium, S. Gallinarum and S. Enteritidis were the most prevalent serovars accounting for 96.2 per cent of isolates. Salmonella was identified in poultry from all major egg-producing and egg-consuming States. Other serovars which were scantly identified included S. Infantis (2.7%), S. Montevideo (0.64%), S. Newport (0.26%) and S. Pullorum (0.13%). Interpretation & conclusions: Diverse distribution of Salmonella serovars in poultry in India, with known potential to infect human population and/or other poultry flocks, requires urgent nationwide stringent control measures.
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Purpose: To find out overall, age and gender specific prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and its correlates in urban population. Methods: Present study was cross-sectional survey, by door-to-door visit, using multi-stage random sampling... more
Purpose: To find out overall, age and gender specific prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and its correlates in urban population. Methods: Present study was cross-sectional survey, by door-to-door visit, using multi-stage random sampling technique from Hisar urban geographical area. Pre-designed, validated self-reported questionnaire was used to record 14 variables, one variable was calculated and 4 variables were measured. Primary variable of interest was pain in low back area in the last 12 months. Data was analyzed using IBM-SPSS (21.0 version). Chi-square test was used to see the association between LBP and categories. If there was a significance, univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was used to identify the correlates. Results: Data of 1540 subjects (response rate 72.2%; females 54.2%) aged 30 years or more from five localities out of six were used. Overall one-year prevalence of LBP was 19%. Female sex (OR 1.60), low education (1.95) and low fasting blood gluco...
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Four novel lipovelutibols A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4) containing six amino acid residues with leucinol at the C-terminus and a fatty acyl moiety (n-octanoyl) at its N-terminus were isolated from the psychrotrophic fungus Trichoderma... more
Four novel lipovelutibols A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4) containing six amino acid residues with leucinol at the C-terminus and a fatty acyl moiety (n-octanoyl) at its N-terminus were isolated from the psychrotrophic fungus Trichoderma velutinum collected from the Himalayan cold habitat. The structures (1-4) were determined by NMR and MS/MS, and the stereochemistry of amino acids by Marfey's method. Lipopeptaibols 2 and 4 were found to contain d-isovaline, a nonproteinogenic amino acid, but lacked α-aminoisobutyric acid, characteristic of peptaibols. Cytotoxic activity of 2 and 4 was observed against HL-60, LS180, MDA-MB-231, and A549 cancer cell lines.
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Exploitation of natural photovoltaic reaction center pigment proteins in biohybrid architectures for solar energy harvesting is attractive due to their global abundance, environmental compatibility, and near-unity quantum efficiencies.... more
Exploitation of natural photovoltaic reaction center pigment proteins in biohybrid architectures for solar energy harvesting is attractive due to their global abundance, environmental compatibility, and near-unity quantum efficiencies. However, it is challenging to achieve high photocurrents in a device setup due to limitations imposed by low light absorbance by protein monolayers and/or slow long-range diffusion of liquid-phase charge carriers. In an attempt to enhance the photocurrent density achievable by pigment proteins, here, an alternative solid-state device architecture enabled by a mechanoresponsive gel electrolyte that can be applied under nondenaturing conditions is demonstrated. The phase-changing electrolyte gel provides a pervading biocompatible interface for charge conduction through highly absorbing protein multilayers that are fabricated in a simple fashion. Assembled devices exhibit enhanced current stability and a maximal photoresponse of ≈860 µA cm-2 , a fivefold...
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William Jones, who was the first to find a link between three ancient languages, namely: Greek, Latin and Sanskrit, has been regarded as the father of linguistics. His placing of Sanskrit at the apex of other languages, at first, received... more
William Jones, who was the first to find a link between three ancient languages, namely: Greek, Latin and Sanskrit, has been regarded as the father of linguistics. His placing of Sanskrit at the apex of other languages, at first, received wide support from European scholars, soon after his translations of the Sanskrit texts started appearing in Europe. The term Indo-European will eventually be coined and the initial excitement among the Europeans of having come across the beauty and power of Sanskrit will fade. The sociopolitical events of late nineteenth-century Germany and Austria will result in placing of the Europeans in ascendancy, both ethnically and linguistically. As a consequence, Sanskrit will be demoted from its high position and the place of the ‘Indo’ half of the ‘Indo-European’ name marginalised. These forces have continued to gather momentum with some speed in the recent decades. The prevailing Western view, crystallised by Asko Parpola in a recent book and concerted ...
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Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of salivary gland origin. However, its morphologic heterogeneity poses difficulty in interpretation. In the present series we discuss the morphologic features of MEC,... more
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of salivary gland origin. However, its morphologic heterogeneity poses difficulty in interpretation. In the present series we discuss the morphologic features of MEC, limitations and pitfalls in its diagnosis on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). Fourteen cases of suspected MEC were evaluated cytologically followed by histopathological examination for confirmation. A definite cytological diagnosis was rendered in nine cases; three of the remaining five were underdiagnosed as abscess, pleomorphic adenoma and mucus cyst. Of the remaining two cases, one case each of sebaceous carcinoma and sialadenitis was mislabeled as MEC on cytology. A satisfactory aspirate composed of intermediate cells, mucin secreting cells and squamous cells in a mucinous background may not be obtained in all cases of low grade MEC. High grade MEC can be classified as squamous cell carcinoma. Hence, awareness of confounding factors with cl...
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Streptomyces species are amongst the most exploited microorganisms due to their ability to produce a plethora of secondary metabolites with bioactive potential, including several well known drugs. They are endowed with immense unexplored... more
Streptomyces species are amongst the most exploited microorganisms due to their ability to produce a plethora of secondary metabolites with bioactive potential, including several well known drugs. They are endowed with immense unexplored potential and substantial efforts are required for their isolation as well as characterization for their bioactive potential. Unexplored niches and extreme environments are host to diverse microbial species. In this study, we report Streptomyces lavendulae ACR-DA1, isolated from extreme cold deserts of the North Western Himalayas, which produces a macrolactone antibiotic, valinomycin. Valinomycin is a K(+) ionophoric non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptide with a broad range of bioactivities including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and cytotoxic/anticancer activities. Production of valinomycin by the strain S. lavendulae ACR-DA1 was studied under different fermentation conditions like fermentation medium, temperature and addition of biosynthetic precu...
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Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cholelithiasis. But most of the studies have actually tried to establish the risk of cholelithiasis in overweight and obese people. Very few studies have addressed the issue of cholelithiasis... more
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cholelithiasis. But most of the studies have actually tried to establish the risk of cholelithiasis in overweight and obese people. Very few studies have addressed the issue of cholelithiasis in patients with otherwise normal Body Mass Index (BMI). In this study we have tried to establish if there is any relationship between increasing BMI and cholelithiasis. To establish a relationship between increasing BMI and risk of cholelithiasis. Retrospective analysis was carried out after doing a prospective pilot study. Ten years data of patients admitted to surgery ward with complaints of pain abdomen was reviewed. Patients with cholelithiasis were segregated as cases and patients with some other diagnosis were selected as controls. Patients with incidental diagnosis of cholelithiasis were excluded. Appropriate analytical tools were used to draw the results using SPSS(©) 20. Over 11,000 patients data was reviewed and 7,182 patients were select...
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The stepwise photoinduced charge transfer in a series of N-carbazolyl benzoate ester push-pull chromophores has been studied in solution. Dual emission from the locally excited (LE, the lowest-energy singlet excited state of (1)Lb nature... more
The stepwise photoinduced charge transfer in a series of N-carbazolyl benzoate ester push-pull chromophores has been studied in solution. Dual emission from the locally excited (LE, the lowest-energy singlet excited state of (1)Lb nature localized on the carbazole donor) and the highly polarized, intramolecular charge-transfer states of (pre)-twisted type (TICT states) is observed in non-polar and polar solvents. Ultrafast transient spectroscopy reveals that the excitation into the (1)Lb LE state is followed by rapid (∼ps) charge separation into an emissive TICT state. Excitation into the second singlet excited state localized on the carbazole (S2) with (1)La nature results in sub-100 fs population of both (1)Lb and TICT states.
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Current study is conducted in our laboratory due to failure in quality control testing of twenty batches of Human Albumin solution in which sodium content is higher than the prescribed limit. These batches are received in short duration... more
Current study is conducted in our laboratory due to failure in quality control testing of twenty batches of Human Albumin solution in which sodium content is higher than the prescribed limit. These batches are received in short duration from indigenous manufacturer and is the first incident of failure of Human albumin preparation in sodium content of manufacturer. On request of manufacturer, study is conducted to rule out the cause. Repeat testing of each out of specification batch is conducted and a trend analysis is drawn between our findings and manufacturer's results, also study of trend analysis of manufacturer for the last one year. Trend analysis data indicated towards poor consistency of batches with major shift at various time intervals in sodium content of human albumin preparation. Further analysis rule out that non-traceable quality of standard used in the internal quality control testing by manufacturer is the root cause of the problem.
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Methods and systems for coordinating user terminals are disclosed. A user terminal may receive a user terminal identifier and a sensor identifier from a user terminal, determine a group topology based on the user terminal identifier and... more
Methods and systems for coordinating user terminals are disclosed. A user terminal may receive a user terminal identifier and a sensor identifier from a user terminal, determine a group topology based on the user terminal identifier and the sensor identifier to identify a spatial relationship relative to the user terminal, receive a media signal, and identify a subsection of the media signal. The user terminal also may generate subsection information to assign a subsection of the media signal to the user terminal corresponding to the spatial ...
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Trichoderma is an anamorphic filamentous fungal genus with immense potential for production of small valuable secondary metabolites with indispensable biological activities. Microbial dynamics of a psychrotrophic strain Trichoderma... more
Trichoderma is an anamorphic filamentous fungal genus with immense potential for production of small valuable secondary metabolites with indispensable biological activities. Microbial dynamics of a psychrotrophic strain Trichoderma velutinum ACR-P1, isolated from unexplored niches of the Shiwalik region, bestowed with rich biodiversity of microflora, was investigated for production of nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) by metabolite profiling by intact-cell mass spectrometry (ICMS) employing matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. Being the first report on NRPs production by T. velutinum, studies on optimization of growth conditions by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for production of NRPs by ACR-P1 was carried out strategically. Multifold enhancement in the yield of NRPs belonging to subfamily SF4 with medium chain of amino acid residues having m/z 1437.9, 1453.9, and 1452.0 at pH 5.9 at 20 °C and of subfamily SF1 with long-chain amino...
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Developing countries like India seriously lack computing infrastructure for evaluating the performance of emergency response services. Most of the time it is assumed that drivers take the shortest distance route to reach the incident... more
Developing countries like India seriously lack computing infrastructure for evaluating the performance of emergency response services. Most of the time it is assumed that drivers take the shortest distance route to reach the incident location. In this paper a model is proposed for the pre-decided route selection behavior of Fire Emergency Vehicle drivers. The characteristics of routes selected by Fire Emergency Vehicle drivers of Allahabad City are analyzed spatially to comprehend the influence of proximity area of road segments on pre-decided route selection. A model using shortest path algorithm and spatial factors, i.e., length, width, land use of the proximity, and population density of the area are developed and compared with Shortest Distance assumption.
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The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful computational tool for solving stress-strain problems; its ability to handle material inhomogeneity and complex shapes makes the FEM, the most suitable method for the analysis of internal... more
The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful computational tool for solving stress-strain problems; its ability to handle material inhomogeneity and complex shapes makes the FEM, the most suitable method for the analysis of internal stress levels in the tooth, periodontium, and alveolar bone. This article intends to explain the steps involved in the generation of a three-dimensional finite element model of tooth, periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone, as the procedure of modeling is most important because the result is based on the nature of the modeling systems. Finite element analysis offers a means of determining strain-stress levels in the tooth, ligament, and bone structures for a broad range of orthodontic loading scenarios without producing tissue damage.