Lisa Magnani
Macquarie University, Economics, Faculty Member
In developing countries, the absence of universal social safety nets frequently necessitates co-residence between older parents and adult children for the provision of elderly care. In this article we use the 2000 Indonesian Family Life... more
In developing countries, the absence of universal social safety nets frequently necessitates co-residence between older parents and adult children for the provision of elderly care. In this article we use the 2000 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS 3) to distinguish between co-residence with and care-giving for the elderly and examine the impact of care-giving for elderly household members on the labor supply decisions of co-resident working-age adults. After controlling for the potential endogeneity of co-residing decisions and the selection bias arising from such endogeneity, our results suggest that care-giving reduces the margins of labor supply, both the intensive (working hours) and extensive (participation) margins. This effect is particularly strong in samples of female adults.
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Do unions really impede manufacturers’ output flexibility? If so, in what ways? The authors propose a methodology for quantifying George Stigler's concept of output flexibility and for decomposing the effects of unionization on... more
Do unions really impede manufacturers’ output flexibility? If so, in what ways? The authors propose a methodology for quantifying George Stigler's concept of output flexibility and for decomposing the effects of unionization on average cost differences between union and non-union plants. Using a recently compiled data set on U.S. three-digit manufacturing industries from 1973 to 1996, they adapt this methodology to simulate the effects of unionization on flexibility and average costs for average-size plants. Simulation results indicate that higher unionization was associated with higher average costs and lower flexibility than low unionization. Higher average costs appear to have been primarily due to higher fixed costs, such as higher benefits.
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What drives firms’ investments in green R&D? We use Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development facility-level data to address three main questions, namely, (1) the relationship between R&D and green... more
What drives firms’ investments in green R&D? We use Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development facility-level data to address three main questions, namely, (1) the relationship between R&D and green R&D at the firm level, (2) whether investments in R&D at the industry level can be perceived as complementary to firm-specific investments in green R&D, and (3) whether market uncertainty and capital obsolescence affect microdecisions concerning the introduction of green technology. We find that facility-level R&D intensity and industry-level R&D intensity reinforce one another in enhancing green R&D investments at the facility level, thereby suggesting the presence of positive R&D spillovers. (JEL D21, O14)
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What drives firms’ investments in green R&D? We use Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development facility-level data to address three main questions, namely, (1) the relationship between R&D and green... more
What drives firms’ investments in green R&D? We use Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development facility-level data to address three main questions, namely, (1) the relationship between R&D and green R&D at the firm level, (2) whether investments in R&D at the industry level can be perceived as complementary to firm-specific investments in green R&D, and (3) whether market uncertainty and capital obsolescence affect microdecisions concerning the introduction of green technology. We find that facility-level R&D intensity and industry-level R&D intensity reinforce one another in enhancing green R&D investments at the facility level, thereby suggesting the presence of positive R&D spillovers. (JEL D21, O14)
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Workforce casualization is often conceived as a source of production flexibility and increased profitability. However, workforce casualization may have substantial effects on all workers, including those in continuing positions. This... more
Workforce casualization is often conceived as a source of production flexibility and increased profitability. However, workforce casualization may have substantial effects on all workers, including those in continuing positions. This study investigates the impact of workforce casualization on permanent workers’ training. The use of two matched employer–employee datasets for Australia and Canada, respectively, allows the author to address a number of identification issues arising from (i) the endogenous nature of workforce casualization as a strategy of workplace governance; (ii) the positive correlation between workforce casualization and other features of organizational change that may directly impact on permanent workers’ training. The main findings are that workforce casualization has a positive effect on the training chances of non-production workers, but leaves production workers with no gains, and potentially losses, in the distribution of the effects of casualization. A compa...
Empirical evidence on the link between inequality and redistribution mechanisms is inconclusive, and depends on the nature of the mechanism in question. We present a series of political economy models, and the associated results may be... more
Empirical evidence on the link between inequality and redistribution mechanisms is inconclusive, and depends on the nature of the mechanism in question. We present a series of political economy models, and the associated results may be interpreted as being consistent with these facts. Specifically, we demonstrate that the link between inequality and redistribution depends on the nature of the mechanism relative to the alternatives that are available. Our analysis suggests that, in the presence of higher inequality, a median voter faced with the choice of the proportion of expenditure between two mechanisms is likely to choose in favour of public goods that are more efficient mechanisms of redistribution. In some cases, inequality does not matter and the proportion of spending on any particular public good is related only to the preference and technology related parameters of the model.
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The global economic crisis offers a powerful instance of how financial shocks shape the biosphere at the intersection of labour and life. In financial times, capitalism activates two interdependent processes, a process of contamination... more
The global economic crisis offers a powerful instance of how financial shocks shape the biosphere at the intersection of labour and life. In financial times, capitalism activates two interdependent processes, a process of contamination that somehow blurs the borders between life and financial matters, and a process of abstraction, which increases the emotional distance between object and subject, thus interrupting the potential for change embedded in experiences of fear that accompany environmental crises. These processes involve key tenets of contemporary neo-liberal capitalism, namely financialization and entrepreneurship, and produce new subjectivities. This is, in my view, central to understand our current organization of ecological concerns and the way biopolitical events, such as the financialization of the economy, organize our collective perception of the possible and alternative ecological configurations to the one we live in. By recognizing the working of a process of cont...
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This paper explores the recent shifts in employment arrangements away from long-term employment contracts and internal labor markets towards outside contracting of labor in OECD countries. It examines the driving forces behind this... more
This paper explores the recent shifts in employment arrangements away from long-term employment contracts and internal labor markets towards outside contracting of labor in OECD countries. It examines the driving forces behind this phenomenon, focusing on the relationship with another important trend of the last few decades, namely the labor productivity slowdown. A comparison of U.S. and European institutional arrangements
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In recent years, there has been a huge increase in interest in the environment and its interaction with the economy. A key feature of this liter- ature is its recognition of the interdependence between the economy and the environment. In... more
In recent years, there has been a huge increase in interest in the environment and its interaction with the economy. A key feature of this liter- ature is its recognition of the interdependence between the economy and the environment. In general, this interdependence operates in both directions and it is poorly understood. A rather overlooked issue is how economic institutions aect our ability and willingness to provide GPG such as environment quality. In addressing Bromley's question "How do we wish the future to unfold for us?", this paper develops an argument according to which future research will need to devote resources to understanding the spillovers between institutional settings and incentives to provide global public goods. I focus on labour market institu- tions as labour markets are traditionally the "environment" in which inequality is created and perpetuated at the local and global levels. In this paper I ar- gue that LM institutional design, v...
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ABSTRACT The mechanism through which outsourcing favourably impacts on workplace performance, particularly productivity, is still unclear. I explore the hypothesis that it does so by impacting workers’ training. I use AWIRS-1995, a... more
ABSTRACT The mechanism through which outsourcing favourably impacts on workplace performance, particularly productivity, is still unclear. I explore the hypothesis that it does so by impacting workers’ training. I use AWIRS-1995, a matched employer–employee survey that reports ample information on the extent of technology and organizational change in Australian workplaces. I find that there is a positive and significant impact of outsourcing on training when I do not control for the correlation between ununobservable factors in these two binary outcomes. However, once I control for this correlation using a bivariate probit estimator, the training impact of outsourcing becomes negative. I then assess the sensitivity of the outsourcing effect to endogeneity by using the method advocated by Altonji et al. (J Polit Econ 113(1):151–184, 2005) to find that this latter result persists even in the presence of a low correlation between unobservables.
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Internationally, political and academic discourse is increasingly focussed on two intensifying trends: the underprovision of environmental quality and population ageing. However, the potential interrelationship between these two phenomena... more
Internationally, political and academic discourse is increasingly focussed on two intensifying trends: the underprovision of environmental quality and population ageing. However, the potential interrelationship between these two phenomena has been virtually completely ignored. Importantly, the social preference for environmental care is a critical factor explaining the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), the purported inverted U-curve relationship between environmental degradation and Gross
Research Interests: Economic Growth, Fiscal policy, Multidisciplinary, Population Aging, Demographic change, and 13 moreResearch and Development, Environmental protection, Social Preferences, Environmental degradation, Population Ageing, Environmental quality, Willingness to Pay, environmental Kuznets curve, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Budget Constraint, Global Environmental Issues, Air Pollutants, and Gross Domestic Product
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... 3.1. Environmental protection policy and income inequality. ... (7) introduces a disaggregation of the demand for environmental policy into a ... Full-size image. Note that in principle there is no guarantee that the demand for... more
... 3.1. Environmental protection policy and income inequality. ... (7) introduces a disaggregation of the demand for environmental policy into a ... Full-size image. Note that in principle there is no guarantee that the demand for pollution abatement will increase during the process of ...