The new digital radio system DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting), developed within the Eureka 147 project is a very innovative and universal multimedia broadcast system that has the potential to replace existing AM and FM audio broadcast... more
The new digital radio system DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting), developed within the Eureka 147 project is a very innovative and universal multimedia broadcast system that has the potential to replace existing AM and FM audio broadcast services in many parts of the world in the near future. DAB employs coded OFDM technology that enables it for mobile reception and makes receivers highly robust against channel multipath fading effect. In this paper, we have analyzed the bit error rate (BER) performance of DAB system conforming to the parameters established by the ETSI (EN 300 401) using frequency interleaving and Forward Error Correction (FEC) in different transmission channels. The results shows DAB to be suitable radio broadcasting technology for high performance in mobile environment.
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... Fuzzy techniques for adaptive nonlinear equalization. Sarat Kumar Patra a and Bernard Mulgrew Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , b. a Applied Electronics & Instrumentation... more
... Fuzzy techniques for adaptive nonlinear equalization. Sarat Kumar Patra a and Bernard Mulgrew Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , b. a Applied Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering ...
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ABSTRACT In a communication system, operation of the transmitter power amplifier is limited to linear range. Input signal with an amplitude more than the transmitter power amplifier linear range results in signal distortion. Hence, the... more
ABSTRACT In a communication system, operation of the transmitter power amplifier is limited to linear range. Input signal with an amplitude more than the transmitter power amplifier linear range results in signal distortion. Hence, the input signal to the transmitter should be with low peak to average power ratio. This paper presents a new method of reducing the peak to average power ratio in OFDM system. The proposed ethod is based on DCT aided successive addition and subtraction of OFDM symbols inside the single OFDM frame. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated and found to be superior to PTS, SLM echniques. For more information please visit http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in:8080/dspace/handle/2080/2222
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ABSTRACT A compact and simple design of a CPW-fed planar antenna for ultra-wideband application with a band-notch characteristic is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular metal patch on a printed circuit board fed by a... more
ABSTRACT A compact and simple design of a CPW-fed planar antenna for ultra-wideband application with a band-notch characteristic is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular metal patch on a printed circuit board fed by a 50Ω coplanar waveguide (CPW) with an overall size of 32×30×1.6mm3. By cutting a C-shaped slot in the rectangular radiating patch, a frequency band notch will be created. The proposed antenna yields an impedance bandwidth of 3.1-10.6GHz with VSWR≤2, except the bandwidth of 5-6GHz for WLAN. The bandwidth and central frequency of the notched band can be adjusted with ease by proper selection of C-shaped slot. The parameters simulated by CST Microwave Studio. The antenna is successfully designed and simulated. Showing broadband matched impedance, stable gain and radiation patterns over an operating bandwidth.
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ABSTRACT This paper proposes a compact planar single band and dual-band antenna for Wideband local area (WLAN)/ ultra wideband (UWB) applications. The antenna consists of elliptical metal patch and a 50Ω coplanar waveguide (CPW)... more
ABSTRACT This paper proposes a compact planar single band and dual-band antenna for Wideband local area (WLAN)/ ultra wideband (UWB) applications. The antenna consists of elliptical metal patch and a 50Ω coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line. By etching C-shaped slot in the patch for dual-band antenna (2.45GHz/3.1-10.6GHz). The proposed antenna is successfully designed and simulated. It shows that broadband matched impedance, stable radiation patterns, constant gain and consistent group delay over an operating bandwidth.
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ABSTRACT In this paper, a design and analysis of compact probe fed slot antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has simple structure consisting #x03A9;-shape on a rectangular patch, the overall dimension of the antenna come around... more
ABSTRACT In this paper, a design and analysis of compact probe fed slot antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has simple structure consisting #x03A9;-shape on a rectangular patch, the overall dimension of the antenna come around 36mmX26mmX5.127mm and fed by 50 #x03A9; probe feed. The impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the designed structure are investigated by using MOM based IE3D #x2122;. The simulation results show that the antenna impedance bandwidth of the antenna reaches about 31% (4.25GHz-5.8GHz) with return loss better than -10 dB over the chosen frequency spectrum. The proposed antenna gain of 9dBi and 7dBi are achieved. Its radiation patterns are also studied.
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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most promising technique for today’s wireless broadband communication systems.3GPP’s LTE was the first to adopt OFDM as its downlink technique. One of the major disadvantage... more
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most promising technique for today’s wireless broadband communication systems.3GPP’s LTE was the first to adopt OFDM as its downlink technique. One of the major disadvantage is its high peak-to- average power ratio (PAPR). In this paper two main PAPR Reduction Techniques i.e. Selective Mapping (SLM) and Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) are discussed along with their advantages, disadvantages and comparison between them.
The current demand of advance communication field is high data rate in addition to both power efficiency and lower bit error rate. This can be fulfilled by the single carrier modulation while compromising the trade-off between the power... more
The current demand of advance communication field is high data rate in addition to both power efficiency and lower bit error rate. This can be fulfilled by the single carrier modulation while compromising the trade-off between the power efficiency and bit error rate. But, in the frequency selective fading environment, to achieve high data rate is very difficult for single carrier modulation scheme. Considering an advance step towards the multicarrier modulation scheme, it is possible to get high data rate in the multipath fading channel without degrading the bit error rate performance. To achieve better performance using multicarrier modulation the subcarriers must be orthogonal to each other. This is what we get in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique. But the great disadvantage of the OFDM technique is its high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). This book presents the Selected Mapping Technique (SLM), its modified versions and a new SLM technique for reduci...
This work is concentrating on generating gamma-gamma turbulence model taking into consideration the Forward method, Matsuno method, Huen method, Runge-Kutta 2 method (mid-point), Runge-Kutta 4 method, Adams-Bashforth 2 method... more
This work is concentrating on generating gamma-gamma turbulence model taking into consideration the Forward method, Matsuno method, Huen method, Runge-Kutta 2 method (mid-point), Runge-Kutta 4 method, Adams-Bashforth 2 method (extrapolates P, Z in time), Adams-Bashforth 3 method (extrapolates P, Z in time), Quasi-Adams-Bashforth 2 method (extrapolates P, Z in time) and Adams-Moulton 3 method. Where P stands for atmospheric pressure and Z stands for atmospheric height. Analyzing the gamma-gamma pdf for smaller and larger separation of timescale regimes using stability and skewness criterion, we concluded that the Matsuno and Quasi-Adams-Bashforth 2 methods are suitable for generating accurate gamma-gamma turbulence model.
ABSTRACT CMODE (Combining Multi-objective Optimization with Differential Evolution) technique has been proved to be very efficient to design a low power low phase noise LC Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). The proposed technique... more
ABSTRACT CMODE (Combining Multi-objective Optimization with Differential Evolution) technique has been proved to be very efficient to design a low power low phase noise LC Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). The proposed technique optimizes the power consumption and phase noise of the 3.3-4 GHz LC-VCO for GSM-900 standard. The performance indices are optimized by using CMODE technique in MATLAB and corresponding optimal design parameters are obtained and implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology. The Figure Of Merit(FOM) is found out to be -192.436 dBc/Hz @ 3 MHz and -180.1 dBc/Hz @ 100 kHz offset with a very low power consumption of 849.7 μW.
ABSTRACT Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLC) provides excellent control to non-linear systems owing to its ability to represent linguistic and heuristic knowledge in mathematical formulation. However, this delineation comes at an expense of... more
ABSTRACT Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLC) provides excellent control to non-linear systems owing to its ability to represent linguistic and heuristic knowledge in mathematical formulation. However, this delineation comes at an expense of large no. of computations. This paper discusses Fired Rules Hyper Cube (FRHC) based rule reduction technique and implements it on Analog Devices ADSP-BF537 processor. Performance of the designed system is compared and analysed with Fuzzy Logic Toolbox of Matlab which expended as benchmark for testing using a simple control of DC motor.
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ABSTRACT The presence of physical layer impairments (PLIs) in high-speed optical virtual private network (OVPN) over wavelength-division multiplexing/ dense-wavelength division multiplexing network degrades the connection quality (CQ).... more
ABSTRACT The presence of physical layer impairments (PLIs) in high-speed optical virtual private network (OVPN) over wavelength-division multiplexing/ dense-wavelength division multiplexing network degrades the connection quality (CQ). The quality can be numerically expressed as the quality factor (Q-Factor) of the connection. The CQ can be further affected by the increasing demand of connections and data speed. It is important to have an efficient OVPN control manager (OVPNCM) to maintain the CQ. OVPNCM can ensure better quality of transmission to the OVPN clients. Traditional routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithms have less regards to the PLIs and cannot provide guaranteed OVPN connection (OVPNC) quality. In order to achieve a guaranteed CQ, we proposed a wavelength assignment (WA) scheme and a hybrid crosstalk model based on linear inband and nonlinear four-wave mixing crosstalk. The performance of the proposed WA scheme with the hybrid crosstalk model is demonstrated. The results show that the proposed hybrid crosstalk model with WA scheme not only provides a guaranteed OVPNC, but also improves the OVPN performance in terms of blocking probability.
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ABSTRACT This work investigated the performance of a newly developed protograph-based low-density parity-check code (LDPC) families belonging to accumulate-repeat-4-jagged-accumulate codes. The proposed code has hierarchical irregularity... more
ABSTRACT This work investigated the performance of a newly developed protograph-based low-density parity-check code (LDPC) families belonging to accumulate-repeat-4-jagged-accumulate codes. The proposed code has hierarchical irregularity and quasi-cyclic property that retains it to be suitable for fast encoder and decoder implementation. The code used in this work is a rate-compatible linearly punctured code. The modified iterative decoding algorithm as mentioned in the literature is used along with a newly proposed encoder and simulation has been done for proposed LDPC coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) link over wireless and optical wireless channels with hard- and soft-decision decoding. The code relates to new methods for designing rate-compatible families of protographs of different rates, all having the linear minimum distance property showing small performance degradation compared with the threshold. The parity-check matrix is composed of small identical modules to reduce the routing complexity of the decoder. The main essence of this code lies in the fact that LDPC codes of arbitrarily large size can be built by expanding from individual protographs or rate-compatible protograph families.
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ABSTRACT In recent years, graphics processing unit (GPU) has escalated interest in computational applications. In this paper, we proposed an efficient implementation of multipleinput multiple-output orthogonal frequency division... more
ABSTRACT In recent years, graphics processing unit (GPU) has escalated interest in computational applications. In this paper, we proposed an efficient implementation of multipleinput multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system using GPU. The WiMAX system uses space time block code (STBC) and maximal ratio receive combining (MRRC), which is computationally rich due to complex multiplication and fast fourier transform (FFT) computation. To harness the benefits of GPU computing power the complex multiplications in MRRC and FFT are computed in parallel. The processing time for FFT and MRRC under CPU and GPU environment are analyzed and presented.
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ABSTRACT Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction is a important signal processing aspect of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Minimization of PAPR can be achieved efficiently using PTS Technique. The main drawback of... more
ABSTRACT Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction is a important signal processing aspect of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Minimization of PAPR can be achieved efficiently using PTS Technique. The main drawback of PTS lies in its computational complexity due to large order of multiple IFFT and phase factor computation. Typically simulation to tune 4 sub-blocks with 4 phase factors in PTS is achievable using standard computing hardware. In this paper we present performance comparison of PTS technique using different number of sub-blocks (V=2, 4, 6 and 8) with different phase factors (W=2, 4 and 8) under Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) environments. The performance gain of GPU over CPU in terms of speedup is presented and the computational complexity involved is analyzed. The GPU is approx 3.7×, 7×, and 9× faster than CPU in case of 2, 4, and 8 phase factors respectively
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ABSTRACT This paper explores a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) design that can satisfy a wide range of frequency which can be used for GSM application. PLL is used for the wireless communication in the GHz range to correct the phase and frequency... more
ABSTRACT This paper explores a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) design that can satisfy a wide range of frequency which can be used for GSM application. PLL is used for the wireless communication in the GHz range to correct the phase and frequency error and provides synchronization with low locking time, reduced skew and jitter. The PLL is used inside many processing elements to provide clock synchronization and clock recovery. Above important applications call for the design of a Phase Locked Loop with low phase noise, low lock in time and high capture range. The design of this PLL is performed in 90nm process technology (GPDK 090) in cadence virtuoso Analog design environment which achieves a frequency range of 250 MHz to 950 MHz. This PLL has phase noise of -91.74 dBc/ Hz at 1 MHz of offset frequency where the lock in time is 220 ns which is considerably less.
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Abstract Radio broadcasting technology has evolved rapidly over the last few years due to ever increasing demands for as high quality sound services with ancillary data transmission in mobile environment. The Eureka-147 Digital Audio... more
Abstract Radio broadcasting technology has evolved rapidly over the last few years due to ever increasing demands for as high quality sound services with ancillary data transmission in mobile environment. The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system ...
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The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system is a new digital radio technology for broadcasting radio stations that provides high-quality audio and data services to both fixed and mobile receivers and employs coded orthogonal... more
The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system is a new digital radio technology for broadcasting radio stations that provides high-quality audio and data services to both fixed and mobile receivers and employs coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (COFDM) technology. In this paper, we present the efficient synchronization method based on Phase reference symbol (PRS) for the DAB signal at the
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Abstract Radio broadcasting technology in this era of compact disc is expected to deliver high quality audio programmes in mobile environment. The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system is a new digital radio technology for... more
Abstract Radio broadcasting technology in this era of compact disc is expected to deliver high quality audio programmes in mobile environment. The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system is a new digital radio technology for broadcasting radio ...
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Radio broadcasting technology has evolved rapidly over the last few years due to ever increasing demands for as high quality sound services with ancillary data transmission in mobile environment. The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting... more
Radio broadcasting technology has evolved rapidly over the last few years due to ever increasing demands for as high quality sound services with ancillary data transmission in mobile environment. The Eureka-147 Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system with coded OFDM technology accomplish this demand by making receivers highly robust against effects of multipath fading environment. In this paper, we have analyzed the performance of DAB system conforming to the parameters established by the ETSI (EN 300 401) using frequency interleaving and different coding rates in different transmission channels. The results show that interleaving is essential for the forward error correction to work properly and an increased coding rate makes the system more flexible without increase in the receiver complexity.
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ABSTRACT OFDM with Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) technique can be used for high speed optical applications. As the order of modulation increases, the bit error rate (BER) increases. Forward Error correction (FEC) coding like LDPC... more
ABSTRACT OFDM with Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) technique can be used for high speed optical applications. As the order of modulation increases, the bit error rate (BER) increases. Forward Error correction (FEC) coding like LDPC coding is generally used to improve BER performance. LDPC provides large minimum distance and also the power efficiency of the LDPC code increases significantly with the code length. Here we have given a look into different algorithms of LDPC codes along with a comparison note of various codes. A long Irregular LDPC code is simulated over the BIAWGN channel demonstrating the fact that LDPC coded OFDM with soft decision decoding provides very low bit error rate as well as a large gain in transmitter power and thus making the link more power efficient than the case with hard decision decoding. Lastly, the simulation analysis is directed towards the goal of getting advantages of using the LDPC coded OFDM in Optical wireless communication (OWC).
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ABSTRACT The k-tier heterogeneous wireless networks (kHWN) deployment focused on the needs of the users. Many challenges exist in integrating kHWN architectures into one seamless flow of voice, data and multimedia. The handoff's... more
ABSTRACT The k-tier heterogeneous wireless networks (kHWN) deployment focused on the needs of the users. Many challenges exist in integrating kHWN architectures into one seamless flow of voice, data and multimedia. The handoff's between kHWN that allows user equipment (UE) to continuously find seamless connectivity with the transceivers is complex and challenging. The common and most desired, cost effective parameter for vertical handoff scheme (VHOS) is the receiving signal strength (RSS). In this paper we investigated the best suited empirical and statistical model to get the optimized result of the RSS for GSM, UMTS, advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE) and WLAN which are integrated in the kHWN. Based on the RSS results the VHOS algorithm for kHWN is proposed, to achive mobility within the kHWN. The simulation results validate the findings.
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"A flurry of low-density parity check codes from small template graphs(protographs)LDPC code that perform at rates extremely close to the Shannon capacity has been discussed here.Finally a new method for designing protograph codes... more
"A flurry of low-density parity check codes from small template graphs(protographs)LDPC code that perform at rates extremely close to the Shannon capacity has been discussed here.Finally a new method for designing protograph codes similar to AR4JA codes of different rates,satisfying the linear minimum distance property is being proposed.The advantage of using this code is that LDPC codes of arbitrarily larger size can be constructed by expanding individual protographs. The method of encoding used in the literatures has encoding complexity prohibitively complex as we move to long codes of length of the order of 10^5 or 10^6. Here using structured parity check matrices we have reduced this encoding complexity. Simulations has been done with Hard-decision decoding to compare the performance of this code with the rates 1/2 ,2/3,3/4 and 4/5 over BIAWGN channel.Finally through analysis of BER performance it is proved that this code has equivalent performance with the long Irregular code taken in the literature with less encoding complexity "