- Poland
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During the amateur excavations carried out by Seweryn Tymieniecki in the 1880s at the Roman Period cemetery at Kwiatków (Greater Poland), a complex iron fitting was discovered. There are no straight parallels for this fitting in the... more
During the amateur excavations carried out by Seweryn Tymieniecki in the 1880s at the Roman Period cemetery at Kwiatków
(Greater Poland), a complex iron fitting was discovered. There are no straight parallels for this fitting in the Przeworsk Culture. Determination of its function is not obvious, but it is most likely to be the fitting of a lock of a wooden casket. The lock from Kwiatków
may have been a kind of hybrid – a variety of the Kietrz type lock with some elements of the Wetzendorf type. The replica of a casket
fitted with such lock showed that the proposed solution was fully functional. Among the finds from the Kwiatków cemetery, there is
no key matching this lock; however, such keys are known from three other cemeteries of the Przeworsk Culture
(Greater Poland), a complex iron fitting was discovered. There are no straight parallels for this fitting in the Przeworsk Culture. Determination of its function is not obvious, but it is most likely to be the fitting of a lock of a wooden casket. The lock from Kwiatków
may have been a kind of hybrid – a variety of the Kietrz type lock with some elements of the Wetzendorf type. The replica of a casket
fitted with such lock showed that the proposed solution was fully functional. Among the finds from the Kwiatków cemetery, there is
no key matching this lock; however, such keys are known from three other cemeteries of the Przeworsk Culture
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Graves of two warriors equipped with rich sets of weapons, emerge on the Celtic territories from the early La Tène period till the end of phase D 2. Graves with double sets of weapons (one and two-edged swords) placed in metal vessels are... more
Graves of two warriors equipped with rich sets of weapons, emerge on the Celtic territories from the early La Tène period till the end of phase D 2. Graves with double sets of weapons (one and two-edged swords) placed in metal vessels are known from the apparently Germanic cultures of northern Europe. Celtic graves are evident burials of two (or more) persons, warriors of similar status expressed by analogous weaponry. " Germanic " Oksywie Culture, and Scandinavian finds are burials of individual persons, notable warriors, who were given special sets of weapons to show their social position. A similar situation observed at an archaeological level could have had different grounds and meant different phenomena.
Research Interests: Ancient History and Art
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Please be advised that this information was generated on 2017-03-31 and may be subject to change.
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Miecz, spatha z Konina
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Among the wooden caskets with metal locks (a characteristic element of the furniture of graves of women in barbaricum) there is a distinguished group of finds with outstanding decoration made of large sheets of bronze covered with rich... more
Among the wooden caskets with metal locks (a characteristic element of the furniture of graves of women in barbaricum) there is a distinguished group of finds with outstanding decoration made of large sheets of bronze covered with rich set of various punched motifs, fixed with vast amount of decorative, dome headed bronze nails. These caskets, similar in style, are known exclusively from the Przeworsk culture area (cemeteries in Opatów, Chmielów Piaskowy, Zamiechów, Kraków-Płaszów, and from the Tisa group cemetery in Badon “Doaşte”, in Romania). Fragments of bronze plates with similar motifs are known from a few other sites. They are dated to phase B2/C1 – C1 and can be treated as a very homogenous group, maybe even works of one craftsmen or workshop. The described ornamented caskets were found in graves with rich, however not outstanding, furniture. They can be treated as an attempt to imitate of wooden boxes with bronze decorative mounts known from the Roman Empire, however the mo...
Weapons as Sign of Prestige, Ritual Attribute, and Indicator of Mutual Contacts in Barbaricum in Late Pre-Roman and Roman Periods. Not only had had weapons the practical, martial functions, but they had also played an important role in... more
Weapons as Sign of Prestige, Ritual Attribute, and Indicator of Mutual Contacts in Barbaricum in Late Pre-Roman and Roman Periods. Not only had had weapons the practical, martial functions, but they had also played an important role in the construction and expression of the image, status in the society, identity, and mythology of the social category of warriors (Fig. 1). Swords and spears in legends and myths have their names and ‘personality’ (Fig. 2). Their symbolic functions explain the particular treatment of weapons in magic or ritual contexts, in burials or in bog offerings. Importance of weapons as indicators of social status, prestige, and also certain magical or religious content, is clearly visible in the rituals of the Germanic societies of Barbaricum in the Late Pre-Roman and Roman Period. The Przeworsk culture materials are highly suitable for such studies, as the burial rites of that culture involved depositing large numbers of weapons in graves. Another, complementary...
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Weapons as Sign of Prestige, Ritual Attribute, and Indicator of Mutual Contacts in Barbaricum in Late Pre-Roman and Roman Periods
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Among the wooden caskets with metal locks (a characteristic element of the furniture of graves of women in barbaricum) there is a distinguished group of finds with outstanding decoration made of large sheets of bronze covered with rich... more
Among the wooden caskets with metal locks (a characteristic element of the furniture of graves of women in barbaricum) there is a distinguished group of finds with outstanding decoration made of large sheets of bronze covered with rich set of various punched motifs, fixed with vast amount of decorative, dome headed bronze nails. These caskets, similar in style, are known exclusively from the Przeworsk culture area (cemeteries in Opatów, Chmielów Piaskowy, Zamiechów, Kraków-Płaszów, and from the Tisa group cemetery in Badon "Doaşte", in Romania). Fragments of bronze plates with similar motifs are known from a few other sites. They are dated to phase B2/C1-C1 and can be treated as a very homogenous group, maybe even works of one craftsmen or workshop. The described ornamented caskets were found in graves with rich, however not outstanding, furniture. They can be treated as an attempt to imitate of wooden boxes with bronze decorative mounts known from the Roman Empire, howeve...
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Zur reichen Ausstattung des Grabes 17 aus dem Graberfeld Mojtyny der Bogaczewo-Kultur gehoren auch Eisengegenstande, deren Funktion nicht bekannt war. Diese Funde sollen hier als Teile eines provinzialromischen Schlosses einer... more
Zur reichen Ausstattung des Grabes 17 aus dem Graberfeld Mojtyny der Bogaczewo-Kultur gehoren auch Eisengegenstande, deren Funktion nicht bekannt war. Diese Funde sollen hier als Teile eines provinzialromischen Schlosses einer Sklavenfessel identifiziert werden. Solche Vorhangeschlosser mit einem Bugel, in den man ein Kettenglied einlegen kann, sind aus zahlreichen romischen Militarlagern bekannt. Ein solches Set aus Vorhangeschloss und Schlussel wie das aus Mojtyny stellt einen ganz besonderen Fund dar, zumal er so weit von der romischen Grenze zutage kam. Die sehr seltenen Fesselfunde aus dem Barbaricum wurden mit Sklavenhandel verbunden, jedoch soll das Exemplar aus Mojtyny nicht als Beweis fur einen organisierten Sklavenhandel, sondern eher als eine Ausnahme unter den Importen betrachtet werden.
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Graves of two warriors equipped with rich sets of weapons, emerge on the Celtic territories from the early La Tène period till the end of phase D2. Graves with double sets of weapons (one and two-edged swords) placed in metal vessels are... more
Graves of two warriors equipped with rich sets of weapons, emerge on the Celtic territories from the early La Tène period till the end of phase D2. Graves with double sets of weapons (one and two-edged swords) placed in metal vessels are known from the apparently Germanic cultures of northern Europe. Celtic graves are evident burials of two (or more) persons, warriors of similar status expressed by analogous weaponry. “Germanic” Oksywie Culture, and Scandinavian finds are burials of individual persons, notable warriors, who were given special sets of weapons to show their social position. A similar situation observed at an archaeological level could have had different grounds and meant different phenomena.
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Weapons as Sign of Prestige, Ritual Attribute, and Indicator of Mutual Contacts in Barbaricum in Late Pre-Roman and Roman Periods
Weapons as Sign of Prestige, Ritual Attribute, and Indicator of Mutual
Contacts in Barbaricum in Late Pre-Roman and Roman Periods
Contacts in Barbaricum in Late Pre-Roman and Roman Periods
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Among the wooden caskets with metal locks (a characteristic element of the furniture of graves of women in barbaricum) there is a distinguished group of finds with outstanding decoration made of large sheets of bronze covered with rich... more
Among the wooden caskets with metal locks (a characteristic element of the furniture of graves of women in barbaricum) there is a distinguished group of finds with outstanding decoration made of large sheets of bronze covered with rich set of various punched motifs, fixed with vast amount of decorative, dome headed bronze nails. These caskets, similar in style, are known exclusively from the Przeworsk culture area (cemeteries in Opatów, Chmielów Piaskowy, Zamiechów, Kraków-Płaszów, and from the Tisa group cemetery in Badon "Doaşte", in Romania). Fragments of bronze plates with similar motifs are known from a few other sites. They are dated to phase B2/C1-C1 and can be treated as a very homogenous group, maybe even works of one craftsmen or workshop. The described ornamented caskets were found in graves with rich, however not outstanding, furniture. They can be treated as an attempt to imitate of wooden boxes with bronze decorative mounts known from the Roman Empire, however the motifs are deeply rooted in the local "barbarian" tradition. The ornamented caskets could have been a sign of special social status. Most interesting and really mysterious are figures on the plates from Kraków Płaszów presenting stylised complete human and animal representations.
The British Vessel with an Enamelled Zoomorphic Spout from Łęg Piekarski – New Explications and Hypotheses From the accidently discovered “grave I” from Łęg Piekarski (Turek County, Poland) comes a unique bronze bowl with a perforated... more
The British Vessel with an Enamelled Zoomorphic Spout from Łęg Piekarski – New Explications and Hypotheses
From the accidently discovered “grave I” from Łęg Piekarski (Turek County, Poland) comes a unique bronze bowl with a perforated wall and an enamelled, zoomorphic spout, which finds analogies among the Late Celtic vessels from the British Isles. A re-analysis, which took into account the increase in the reference material, made it possible to present a new interpretation of this unusual find, both in regard to its form and supposed use. The strainer and spout suggest that the vessel might have been used to prepare herbal infusions. We do not know if it was used in this manner in the territory of the Przeworsk Culture.
From the accidently discovered “grave I” from Łęg Piekarski (Turek County, Poland) comes a unique bronze bowl with a perforated wall and an enamelled, zoomorphic spout, which finds analogies among the Late Celtic vessels from the British Isles. A re-analysis, which took into account the increase in the reference material, made it possible to present a new interpretation of this unusual find, both in regard to its form and supposed use. The strainer and spout suggest that the vessel might have been used to prepare herbal infusions. We do not know if it was used in this manner in the territory of the Przeworsk Culture.
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Przeworsk culture, unique decoration on spearheads from cemetery in Legionowo
Recycling in a smithy. An interesting find of a casket lock
mounting from the Przeworsk culture cemetery in Garwolin
mounting from the Przeworsk culture cemetery in Garwolin
Apart from the coins, the hoard from Cichobórz yielded almost fully preserved rivets with silver heads, which, most probably, were
originally placed on leather straps and were part of a ceremonial harness,
( bridle )
originally placed on leather straps and were part of a ceremonial harness,
( bridle )