- Philological School of Higher Education in Wroclaw, English Philology, Graduate Studentadd
- English Philology, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Comparative Linguistics, Etymology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 17 moreVedic Sanskrit, Philosophy, Russian Language, Translation Studies, Translation theory, Corpus Linguistics and Translation Studies, Corpus Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Legal Translation, Legal translation studies, Teaching Translation, Open Access Books in Linguistics, Biblical Studies, Ancient Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics), Patrology, Septuagint, and Bible Translationsedit
- Translator, researcher in Translation Studies and Biblical Studies. PhD in descriptive translation studies and transl... moreTranslator, researcher in Translation Studies and Biblical Studies. PhD in descriptive translation studies and translation universals. Graduate of English Philology (MA thesis in translation universals), Russian Philology (MA in false friends of translator), Theology (MA in LXX translation).edit
Z okładki: Septuaginta – święty tekst w języku greckim sprzed ponad dwóch tysięcy lat. Dzieło o wielkim znaczeniu nie tylko dla wspólnot wiernych. Dla żydów z czasów Ptolemeuszy to nowe stworzenie Biblii, umożliwiające... more
Z okładki: Septuaginta – święty tekst w języku greckim sprzed ponad dwóch tysięcy lat. Dzieło o wielkim znaczeniu nie tylko dla wspólnot wiernych. Dla żydów z czasów Ptolemeuszy to nowe stworzenie Biblii, umożliwiające rozpowszechnienie pism hebrajskich w helleńskim świecie. Dla rodzącego się Kościoła – jego pierwszy Stary Testament, skarbnica cytatów i terminów Testamentu Nowego oraz klucz otwierają- cy świat na przyjęcie Ewangelii. Dla ojców Kościoła – fundament pojęć teologicznych i pomoc w dyskusjach egzegetycznych i apologetycznych. Dla pierwszych narodów przyjmujących chrześcijaństwo – podstawa przekładu tłumaczeń Biblii na ich języki. Dla Kościołów wschodnich – zasadniczy kanon biblijny. Dla Kościoła zachodniego – źródło tekstów wtórnokanonicznych. Dla zborów protestanckich – zbiór ksiąg do celów porównawczych. Dla nieuznających jej natchnienia – przekład o niezwykłych walorach i świadek pierwotnych biblijnych pism. Tekst, którego popularność nie maleje, lecz przyciąga nowych badaczy, otwiera nowe projekty translatorskie (również na język polski) i zdobywa nowych czytelników. Księga, której historia zasługuje na naszą uwagę.
Research Interests:
This paper focused on the methods adopted in order to render proper names in the translation of the Septuagint into Polish. The following techniques were identified and exemplified: transcription of proper names, substitution of selected... more
This paper focused on the methods adopted in order to render proper names in the translation of the Septuagint into Polish. The following techniques were identified and exemplified: transcription of proper names, substitution of selected anthroponyms and toponyms with recognised equivalents, modifications to fit grammatical requirements of the Polish language, translation of those proper names that have expressive denotative meaning, and substitution with invented equivalents. The comparative analysis of proper names in the Polish translation, the Greek text, other translations from the Hebrew canon as well as the introduction and footnotes of the Author showed, as expected, that it is the transcription that comes to the fore, which may sometimes sound astounding for the reader familiar with other Bible editions, but certainly ensures an insight into the content of the Septuagint.
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Newer and newer Bible translations from original languages tend to appear regularly. Their authors pursue a plethora of strategies, from interlinear to philological to dynamic ones, taking as the source text not only the Hebrew, but also... more
Newer and newer Bible translations from original languages tend to appear regularly. Their authors pursue a plethora of strategies, from interlinear to philological to dynamic ones, taking as the source text not only the Hebrew, but also the Greek canon. Since the 1980s, the books of the Greek Bible have been translated into German, English, Italian, Spanish and French; ten years ago, this group was complemented by the Polish rendering made by Rev. Prof. Remigiusz Popowski. Though enthusiastically received, the text was not much researched. This article is intended to make up for this paucity and present the Polish text of the Septuagint from the perspective of its bibliological process and that of descriptive translation studies: a brief account of its historical background, the author of the translation, a record of editions and the significance for the Polish biblical milieu is followed by a closer analysis and exemplification of strategies and techniques adopted by the author.
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Septuaginta jest bezsprzecznie dziełem o wielkim znaczeniu dla wspólnot wiernych różnych wyznań i denominacji, będąc Biblią grecką dla żydów z czasów Ptolemeuszy, pierwszych chrześcijan i kościołów prawosławnych, głównym źródłem cytatów... more
Septuaginta jest bezsprzecznie dziełem o wielkim znaczeniu dla wspólnot wiernych różnych wyznań i denominacji, będąc Biblią grecką dla żydów z czasów Ptolemeuszy, pierwszych chrześcijan i kościołów prawosławnych, głównym źródłem cytatów dla autorów nowotestamentowych, przekładem i świadkiem pierwotnego tekstu hebrajskiego, pomocą w porównawczych badaniach czy biblijnych egzegezach. Zasłużenie zatem również tłumaczenie tego dzieła jest uznawane za "wydarzenie historyczne, pierwsze tego typu przedsięwzięcie", dzięki któremu polska biblistyka dołączyła do kręgu narodów posiadających swoje tłumaczenie Biblii greckiej. Niniejsze studium poświęcone jest analizie strategii tłumaczeniowych zastosowanych przez ks. prof. Remigiusza Popowskiego w procesie przekładu Septuaginty na język polski. Celem jest poznanie odpowiedzi na pytania: jakie strategie i techniki Autor tłumaczenia opublikowanego pod tytułem Septuaginta, czyli Biblia Starego Testamentu wraz z księgami deuterokanonicznymi i apokryfami zapowiada we Wstępie oraz w artykułach poświęconych przekładom, a także w jaki sposób wybór tych strategii i technik Autor realizuje.
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This paper aims at presenting an analysis of terminological consistency in translation bases compiled by professionals. Due to the development of IT technologies, the translators are offered new tools that manage terminology in new... more
This paper aims at presenting an analysis of terminological consistency in translation bases compiled by professionals. Due to the development of IT technologies, the translators are offered new tools that manage terminology in new translation projects. These tools suggest solutions, monitor the consistency, and enable the translator to analyse the search term or phrase in a context, and subsequently select the best equivalent. In practice, however, these tools have their shortcomings that will be discussed in greater detail.
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This paper aims to present the compilation of the English-Polish parallel corpus comprising legal acts of the European Union as well as preliminary investigations into this corpus against comparative corpora of British and Polish acts.... more
This paper aims to present the compilation of the English-Polish parallel corpus comprising legal acts of the European Union as well as preliminary investigations into this corpus against comparative corpora of British and Polish acts. The corpora have been compiled for the purposes of research on grammatical and lexical features of translated texts in comparison to texts produced originally by native speakers of the target language. The phenomenon of divergence between translated and non-translated texts have recently been given considerable attention and this research is intended to contribute to the studies dedicated to this phenomenon. Therefore, both translated and non-translated legal acts have been acquired. The parallel corpus contains two subcorpora with English and Polish texts of the EU body of law (L series) published by the Euro-pean Commission from 2004 to 2011. The size of each subcorpus exceeds forty million words. The texts were downloaded both as plain text files and aligned translation memories. Additionally, two comparative corpora, covering the same period of time, were compiled: the first being the general legal acts of the British Parliament, and the second being legal acts published in the Polish Journal of Laws. All the files underwent basic – though labour-intensive – processing: pdf files were converted to plain text formats, and character encoding was unified if required. The files were then uploaded to WordSmith Tools, a tool for text analysis, which produced word frequency lists and key word lists. The initial analyses included the investigation of (i) a hand-picked Polish improper verb należy with an untypical frequency in the parallel corpus against the distribution of the English modal verb shall in both parallel and comparative corpora; and (ii) Polish impersonal verb forms ended with-no,-to. As far as the impersonals were concerned, it was assumed that the analysis would confirm the
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This paper aims to present the positive and negative cross-linguistics transfer on the basis of selected words of international currency, i.e. the interference of L1 on the semantics and morphological structure of L2: English and Russian... more
This paper aims to present the positive and negative cross-linguistics transfer on the basis of selected words of international currency, i.e. the interference of L1 on the semantics and morphological structure of L2: English and Russian in this case. The selected examples of Greek and Latin origin were divided into interlingual synonyms and homonyms, further subdivided with regard to the type of interference they cause. This classification is expected to raise students’ consciousness to the aforementioned phenomena and bring about positive changes in their mental schemes.
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This paper falls within the scope of descriptive translation studies and corpus linguistics. It sets itself the task of validating one of the translation universals, namely the simplification. For the purposes of this paper we have... more
This paper falls within the scope of descriptive translation studies and corpus linguistics. It sets itself the task of validating one of the translation universals, namely the simplification. For the purposes of this paper we have selected The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov as the source text and its two English and two Polish translations.
Chapter 1 lays down the theoretical assumptions and the applied methodology. It introduces the hypothesis and the method i.e. quantitative and qualitative analysis by means of which the said hypothesis will be validated. It also gives a detailed presentation of translation universals, defines the basic notions and methods of corpus linguistics that are made use of; it also defines the terms used in quantitative and qualitative analysis as well as presenting precise syntax terminology.
Chapter 2 reveals the results of the quantitative analysis that was carried out on the basis of a few selected sample texts. This chapter starts with a brief description of the writer’s life and his work and then details the samples and the computer software as used in the research. It also presents consecutive stages of the research, the gathered data, which are shown in the form of tables and diagrams.
Chapter 3 contains the qualitative analysis of the selected texts, it gives an insight into the syntax of the sentences under analysis and their syntactical transformations that they undergo in the translation process. This chapter presents the data on the number of finite predicates, and the types of sentences. Here also particular transformations are discussed, all of which is supported by numerous examples.
The last part of the paper presents the interpretation of the results of the analyses. It is also here that both analytical approaches – qualitative and quantitative – are summed up and inferences drawn. All of which is concluded with the answer to the question whether the hypothesis that was assumed in Chapter 1 has been validated.
Chapter 1 lays down the theoretical assumptions and the applied methodology. It introduces the hypothesis and the method i.e. quantitative and qualitative analysis by means of which the said hypothesis will be validated. It also gives a detailed presentation of translation universals, defines the basic notions and methods of corpus linguistics that are made use of; it also defines the terms used in quantitative and qualitative analysis as well as presenting precise syntax terminology.
Chapter 2 reveals the results of the quantitative analysis that was carried out on the basis of a few selected sample texts. This chapter starts with a brief description of the writer’s life and his work and then details the samples and the computer software as used in the research. It also presents consecutive stages of the research, the gathered data, which are shown in the form of tables and diagrams.
Chapter 3 contains the qualitative analysis of the selected texts, it gives an insight into the syntax of the sentences under analysis and their syntactical transformations that they undergo in the translation process. This chapter presents the data on the number of finite predicates, and the types of sentences. Here also particular transformations are discussed, all of which is supported by numerous examples.
The last part of the paper presents the interpretation of the results of the analyses. It is also here that both analytical approaches – qualitative and quantitative – are summed up and inferences drawn. All of which is concluded with the answer to the question whether the hypothesis that was assumed in Chapter 1 has been validated.
Research Interests:
The paper aims at presenting negative emotions as a positive factor in the process of producing correct and natural-sounding texts (both spoken and written). Anxiety, apprehension, and a lack of self-confidence may become, if excessive,... more
The paper aims at presenting negative emotions as a positive factor in the process of producing correct and natural-sounding texts (both spoken and written). Anxiety, apprehension, and a lack of self-confidence may become, if excessive, an unnecessary constraint, inhibiting the translator. However, at a moderate intensity they may exert a beneficial influence, stimulating one to make additional effort and thus contributing to the reduction of unnaturalness in translation. In other words, these negative emotions are indispensable in the decision-making process as they develop sensitivity to language complexity, help concentrate attention to detail, and raise consciousness about the phenomenon of translationese and related issues, such as a translator’s . In this paper, I intend to explore the question of negative emotions, provide a few examples of how they affect the translation product, and present the results of a small-scale questionnaire survey on the role of anxiety in the translation process.
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In the article, we will present our experiences with, and problems that we came across while, working on a multilingual corpus of speech data (Polish and German) and conducting a pragmalinguistic and suprasegmental analysis of it.... more
In the article, we will present our experiences with, and problems that we came across while, working on a multilingual corpus of speech data (Polish and German) and conducting a pragmalinguistic and suprasegmental analysis of it. Furthermore, we will present some reflections on the notions of parallelity and comparability in this context. Creating corpora of spoken language constitutes a great challenge for the researcher due to its elusive nature. Speech data can be accessed by the researcher either in the form of transcripts of audio/video recordings (according to the methods of multimodal analysis) or in the form of notes from speech interactions (according to the ethnographic method). The researcher who wants to collect data for his/her specific purposes − for example if he/she wants to investigate (im)politeness − has to create settings, a context of interaction and a situation in which a given phenomenon can be elicited. The need for a phonetic analysis makes it necessary to make audio or video recordings of data. These need to be made in a recording studio in order to ensure quality suitable for such an analysis (e.g. one channel per speaker, no background noises). Participants in recording sessions do not behave as naturally as they would in a natural setting (i.e. without microphones or cameras). What is more, spoken language is characterised by phenomena that are exclusively typical for it when compared to written language. They include: anacoluthons, corrections, repairs, hearer signals, speaker signals, particles, discourse markers etc., i.e. phenomena that are treated as communicative “disturbances” in written language but are fundamental in face-to-face-interactions. Considering the above requirements, one can state that creating corpora of spoken language requires a completely different approach than corpora of written language. In the following article, a bilingual (Polish and German) corpus of spoken language is presented. The corpus has been created as part of the MCCA: Multimodal Communication: Culturological Analysis project for the purposes of culturological and suprasegmental analysis and consists of three types of recordings. They are: dyadic conversations, scripted monologues (where the participants were supposed to intonate sentences in order to achieve a certain result), and extracts from TV talk shows. The recordings have further been transcribed using the Folker programme and GAT2 (GesprächsAnalytisches Transkriptionssystem) conventions, annotated (by means of the ELAN programme) and phonetically analysed (using Praat programme).
Research Interests:
This dissertation was intended as a contribution to numerous studies on the translation product and its features, in particular on the problem of divergence or unnaturalness of translated texts in comparison to texts created by native... more
This dissertation was intended as a contribution to numerous studies on the translation product and its features, in particular on the problem of divergence or unnaturalness of translated texts in comparison to texts created by native speakers of the translation target language. The divergence of translated texts at different linguistic levels and the reasons behind this phenomenon have captured the attention of many researchers who devoted to it numerous studies as well as coin several terms like hybrid language, third code or translationese. In their opinion the phenomenon cannot be accounted for by the translator’s incompetence since the divergence is a noticeable feature even in texts produced by renowned professionals. That this unnativeness is inherent in the translation process is further confirmed by the fact that translated and non-translated texts can be recognised by dedicate software. Various investigations into translated texts demonstrate that the hybrid nature of translations cannot only be put down to the effect of interference, but also to tendencies specified as translation universals. This dissertation was expected to verify the hypothesis on the grammatical divergence of translated texts, which manifests itself in a different distribution of function words and markers of grammatical structures. This study makes use of corpus linguistics i.e. the analysis of large collections of translated and nontranslated texts in the form of parallel corpora (with the source texts being juxtaposed with the target texts), comparative corpora (collections of nontranslated texts of the same topic and genre) as well as reference corpora (nontranslated texts of general target language used as a reference in assessing the features of translated texts). The comparative and reference corpora help identify the features that make translated texts sound unnatural in comparison to native texts, whereas the parallel corpus allows detection of possible interference.
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This paper is devoted to the phenomenon of interlingual Russian-Polish homonymy on the basis of words derived from Greek or Latin. This phenomenon, its definition and scope, has been much discussed, and it generally boils down to two... more
This paper is devoted to the phenomenon of interlingual Russian-Polish homonymy on the basis of words derived from Greek or Latin. This phenomenon, its definition and scope, has been much discussed, and it generally boils down to two words in two different languages having a similar form but a different meaning.
The introduction presents and explains the whole spectrum of definitions that lie behind the phenomenon of translator’s false friends: interlingual homonymy, paronymy, and polysemy.
The first chapter includes the classification of intralingual and interlingual homonymy. In the second chapter the interlingual homonyms are classified into two groups: relative to form and meaning: asemantic and semantic homonyms. The third chapter is devoted to interlanguage synonyms that become false friends as a result of the differences in orthography, gender, affixes etc.
The introduction presents and explains the whole spectrum of definitions that lie behind the phenomenon of translator’s false friends: interlingual homonymy, paronymy, and polysemy.
The first chapter includes the classification of intralingual and interlingual homonymy. In the second chapter the interlingual homonyms are classified into two groups: relative to form and meaning: asemantic and semantic homonyms. The third chapter is devoted to interlanguage synonyms that become false friends as a result of the differences in orthography, gender, affixes etc.
Research Interests:
The aim of this paper is to present the first translation of the Septuagint, the Greek Bible, into Polish: the background of this translation, its significance for biblical studies and its reception in Poland. Chapter 1 discusses what the... more
The aim of this paper is to present the first translation of the Septuagint, the Greek Bible, into Polish: the background of this translation, its significance for biblical studies and its reception in Poland. Chapter 1 discusses what the Septuagint is, its origins, historical background, manuscripts, translations into various languages. The second chapter introduces the first translation of the Septuagint into Polish, the Author of the translation, his research interests and publications, the adopted translation strategies and solutions and the details of the editions. The significance of the Greek text of the Septuagint, in different historical periods and for different Christian denominations, and its Polish translation will be presented in Chapter 3.
Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie procesu bibliologicznego pierwszego przekładu Septuaginty na język polski: okoliczności powstawania tego przekładu wraz jego znaczeniem dla kultury biblijnej w Polsce. W części pierwszej niniejszej pracy zostanie omówione czym jest Septuaginta i jakie jest jej tło historyczne, rękopisy, tłumaczenia na języki narodowe. Cześć druga przybliży nam pierwsze tłumaczenie całości Septuaginty na polski, sylwetkę Autora przekładu, jego zainteresowania badawcze i publikacje, sygnalizowane w artykułach trudności związane z wyborem tekstu źródłowego i tworzeniem przekładu, sposoby rozwiązywania problemów gramatycznych i leksykalnych. Niniejszą pracę zwieńczy część trzecia z omówieniem znaczenia Septuaginty. Przedstawione wpierw zostanie znaczenie tekstu greckiego w różnych okresach historycznych i dla różnych denominacji chrześcijańskich, a na tym tle historycznym zostanie pokazane znaczenie pierwszego polskiego tłumaczenia Septuaginty dla polskiej kultury biblijnej i polskiej tradycji translatorskiej.
Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie procesu bibliologicznego pierwszego przekładu Septuaginty na język polski: okoliczności powstawania tego przekładu wraz jego znaczeniem dla kultury biblijnej w Polsce. W części pierwszej niniejszej pracy zostanie omówione czym jest Septuaginta i jakie jest jej tło historyczne, rękopisy, tłumaczenia na języki narodowe. Cześć druga przybliży nam pierwsze tłumaczenie całości Septuaginty na polski, sylwetkę Autora przekładu, jego zainteresowania badawcze i publikacje, sygnalizowane w artykułach trudności związane z wyborem tekstu źródłowego i tworzeniem przekładu, sposoby rozwiązywania problemów gramatycznych i leksykalnych. Niniejszą pracę zwieńczy część trzecia z omówieniem znaczenia Septuaginty. Przedstawione wpierw zostanie znaczenie tekstu greckiego w różnych okresach historycznych i dla różnych denominacji chrześcijańskich, a na tym tle historycznym zostanie pokazane znaczenie pierwszego polskiego tłumaczenia Septuaginty dla polskiej kultury biblijnej i polskiej tradycji translatorskiej.