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Peeraya Sripian
The visual acuity test is a routine part of an eye examination or general physical examination, particularly if there is a change in vision or a problem with vision. In most places, the Snellen chart is used to test visual acuity in... more
The visual acuity test is a routine part of an eye examination or general physical examination, particularly if there is a change in vision or a problem with vision. In most places, the Snellen chart is used to test visual acuity in humans. The Snellen chart relies on viewing the letters or symbols from a certain distance, usually 20 feet away. Human visual acuity is then determined by the smallest letter on the chart he/she is able to identify from that viewing distance. This testing method requires a room with enough viewing distance. With the advent of new technology, computerized visual acuity testing has been proposed and used in some clinical applications. The researchers propose an innovative media to measure visual acuity in human. A hybrid image is an image that changes its meaning according to the viewing distance. It is an image composed of two different spatial frequencies; high and low spatial frequency. Based on the contrast sensitivity function, the best viewing spatial frequency is changed by the viewing distance. With this assumption, we propose the use of hybrid image as a tool to test human visual acuity. From the experiment, it was found that the hybrid images can discriminate between patients with vision problems and patients with normal vision, and that the difference detected is statistically significant.
Abstract Hybrid image is the image that changes interpretation according to viewing distance. By simply extracting the low and the high spatial frequency bands from two source images, the combination result image can be interpreted... more
Abstract Hybrid image is the image that changes interpretation according to viewing distance. By simply extracting the low and the high spatial frequency bands from two source images, the combination result image can be interpreted differently by viewing distance. This research finds the way to allow construction of hybrid image regardless of the source image's shape. Without the need to carefully pick the two images to be superimposed, hybrid image can be extended to use with any kind of image contents. There are two approaches ...
In Thailand, drug abuse is perceived as the number one social problem, ranked by the Thai population. Adolescent drug abuse, although decreased in total number, surprisingly increased among younger youths compared to before. This work... more
In Thailand, drug abuse is perceived as the number one social problem, ranked by the Thai population. Adolescent drug abuse, although decreased in total number, surprisingly increased among younger youths compared to before. This work presents “HalluciFear,” an educational 3D horror game with the first-person view that relates drugs’ side effect with fear. The game imitates vision effect resulting from lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) substance abuse. The targeted players are Thai people ages 13 or above, the ages that are believed to be in a high risk of becoming victims of drug abuse. Upon evaluation of the game, the authors used a satisfactory survey for regular players and game content survey for specialists. The evaluation result showed the average game quality, and overall user’s satisfaction was good with the averages of 4.16 and 3.91, respectively.
Nowadays, communication robots are becoming popular since they are actively used in both commercially and personally. Increasing empathy between human-robot can effectively enhance the positive impression. Empathy can be created by... more
Nowadays, communication robots are becoming popular since they are actively used in both commercially and personally. Increasing empathy between human-robot can effectively enhance the positive impression. Empathy can be created by syncing human emotion with the robot expression. Emotion estimation can be done by analyzing controllable expressions like facial expression, or uncontrollable expression like biological signals. In this work, we propose the comparison of robot expression synchronization with estimated emotion based on either facial expression or biological signal. In order to find out which of the proposed methods yield the best impression, subjective impression rating is used in the experiment. From the result of the impression evaluation, we found that the robot’s facial expression synchronization using the synchronization based on periodical emotion value performs the best and best suitable for emotion estimated both from facial expression and biological signal.
This work presents an innovative media to assess 3 different levels of myopia using hybrid images. The experiment results showed that hybrid images can be used to distinguish the person with the different level of myopia.
Empathy, the ability to share the other’s feeling, is one of the effective elements in promoting mutual reliability and construction of a good relationship. In order to create empathy between human-robot, a robot must be able to estimate... more
Empathy, the ability to share the other’s feeling, is one of the effective elements in promoting mutual reliability and construction of a good relationship. In order to create empathy between human-robot, a robot must be able to estimate the emotion of human and reflect the same emotion on its expression. In general, emotion can be estimated based on observable expressions such as facial expression, or unobservable expressions such as biological signals. Although there are many methods for measuring emotion from both facial expression and biological signals, few studies have been done on the comparison of estimated emotion. In this paper, we investigate whether emotion estimated from facial expression or biological signals could lead to empathy toward a robot. Using our proposed emotion estimation system, we performed two experiments and found that higher impression was rated on sociability elements with significant when the reflected emotion is estimated from uncontrollable emotion.
Visual illusion such as a double image sometimes is used as an experiment stimulus. A double image usually contains two alternative representations in one image. The observer could indicate what he/she sees from a double image under a... more
Visual illusion such as a double image sometimes is used as an experiment stimulus. A double image usually contains two alternative representations in one image. The observer could indicate what he/she sees from a double image under a specified condition such as specific presentation time or task. From the answers, researchers can investigate and further analyses to study human perceptual model. According to human contrast sensitivity function, we can compute a double image that allows multiple image interpretations to be modulated by the viewing distance. Such image is called a hybrid image. To produce a compelling hybrid image, the original hybrid image synthesis method could only use similar shapes of source images that were aligned in the edges. If any two different images can be hybrid, it would be beneficial as a new experimental tool. My recent research proposed the method of constructing a hybrid image that does not rely on the source images shape, an edge-alignment free hybrid image. In this talk, the hybrid image will be explored in detail from original method, the updated method, and its application. In addition to the hybrid image, this paper sums up several interesting computational visual illusions that can be applied in many areas from medical to education along with their underlying theory.
The visual acuity test is a routine part of an eye examination or general physical examination, particularly if there is a change in vision or problems with vision. In most places, the Snellen chart is used to test visual acuity in... more
The visual acuity test is a routine part of an eye examination or general physical examination, particularly if there is a change in vision or problems with vision. In most places, the Snellen chart is used to test visual acuity in humans. The Snellen chart usually comprises of many optotypes, which sizes decreasing along with subsequent rows. A person's visual acuity is determined by the smallest letter on the chart that he/she is able to identify. This visual acuity testing method requires a room with enough viewing distance. With the advent of new technology, computerized visual acuity assessment has been proposed and used in some clinical applications. This paper proposes an innovative media to assess human visual acuity using hybrid images. A hybrid image is an image that changes its meaning according to the viewing distance. It is an image composited from two different image's spatial frequency, high and low, accordingly. Based on the contrast sensitivity function, maximum sensitivity of spatial frequency is related to the viewing distance. With this assumption, we propose the use of hybrid image as a new tool to assess human visual acuity, starting with a pioneer vision experiment described in this paper. From the experiment, it was found that the hybrid images can discriminate between patients with vision problems and patients with normal vision, and that the difference detected is statistically significant.
Distance learning, for which the demand is increasing due to the recent expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic, pointed out the problem of less communication level that it would reduce student's concentration level in the study. However,... more
Distance learning, for which the demand is increasing due to the recent expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic, pointed out the problem of less communication level that it would reduce student's concentration level in the study. However, there is no clear and objective evidence about such effect on the concentration level. In this work, we propose a method to objectively evaluate distance learning with the biometric information to understand the difference of the student's concentration level during the study. We measure the student's electroencephalography (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV) to evaluate the concentration level by observing the change of student's emotion based on different communication condition during distance learning. In the experiment, we measured EEG and HRV of the students, while turning on and off face-to-face (FTF) video camera. The analysis of EEG and HRV results show that different communication condition effect student's concentration level. We found that their emotional states are different when the video is turned on and off and also found that it could be due to their preferences of the subject.
Making emotional expressions on social media has recently become an ordinary part of life, but sometimes people might send messages with the wrong expression to other people through these media based on unconscious emotions such as anger.... more
Making emotional expressions on social media has recently become an ordinary part of life, but sometimes people might send messages with the wrong expression to other people through these media based on unconscious emotions such as anger. However, it is often difficult to recognize these unconscious emotions, and easy to send inappropriate expressions to other people without proper consideration. This could cause an unpleasant experience. To avoid these situations, it is expected that some observable mechanism could detect and communicate the unconscious emotions to the user before they send the message. These days, there are approaches that can detect unconscious emotions using physiological sensors such as EEGs and heartbeat sensors. These approaches provide the procedure to make unconscious emotions observable and communicated to the user in real-time. We apply this technology for detecting the mismatch between the unconscious emotion and expression before sending the message. Based on this idea, we design and implement the mechanism for detecting the mismatch and feed it back to the user of social media. We carry out an experiment using the proposed system. The preliminary result shows that the system tends to be effective for the purpose.
Imagine the day that a robot would comfort you when you feel sad. In the field of artificial intelligence and robot engineering, there are many research regarding automatic classification of human emotion to enhance human-robot... more
Imagine the day that a robot would comfort you when you feel sad. In the field of artificial intelligence and robot engineering, there are many research regarding automatic classification of human emotion to enhance human-robot communication, especially for therapy. Generally, estimating emotions of people is based on information such as facial expression, eye-gazing direction, and behaviors that are expressed externally and the robot can observe through a camera and so on. However, there is some invisible information that cannot be expressed, or control not to express. In this case, it is difficult to estimate the emotion even if the analysis technologies are sophisticated. The main idea of this research is to compare the classified emotion based on two different sources: controllable and uncontrollable expression. The preliminary experiments show that our proposed method suggested that the classification of emotion from biological signals outperform the classification from facial expression.
The demand for distance learning is increasing due to the recent expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic. In distance learning, less communication level has been pointed out that it would reduce student’s concentration level in the study.... more
The demand for distance learning is increasing due to the recent expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic. In distance learning, less communication level has been pointed out that it would reduce student’s concentration level in the study. However, these were subjective evaluations based on questionnaires, therefore, there was a lack of criteria to evaluate this problem. In this work, we propose a method to objectively evaluate distance learning using the biometric information to understand the difference of the student’s concentration level during the study. We measure the student’s electroencephalography (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV) to evaluate the change of student’s emotion based on different communication condition during distance learning. In the experiment, we measured EEG and HRV of the students, while turning on and off face-to-face video camera. The analysis of results show that different communication condition effect student’s concentration level. We found that it could be due to their preferences of the subject. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
A hybrid image allows multiple image interpretations to be modulated by the viewing distance. It can be constructed on the basis of the multiscale perceptual mechanisms of the human visual system by combining the low and high spatial... more
A hybrid image allows multiple image interpretations to be modulated by the viewing distance. It can be constructed on the basis of the multiscale perceptual mechanisms of the human visual system by combining the low and high spatial frequencies of two different images. The hybrid image was introduced as an experimental tool for visual recognition study in terms of spatial frequency perception. To produce a compelling hybrid image, the original hybrid image synthesis method could only use similar shapes of source images that were aligned in the edges. If any two different images can be hybrid, it would be beneficial as a new experimental tool. In addition, there is no measure for the actual perception of spatial frequency, whether a single spatial frequency or both spatial frequencies are perceived from the hybrid stimulus. This paper describes two methods for synthesizing a hybrid image from dissimilar shape images or unaligned images; this hybrid image is known as an “edge-alignment-free hybrid image.” A noise-inserted method can be done by intentionally inserting and enhancing noises into the high-frequency image. With this method, the low-frequency blobs are covered with high-frequency noises when viewed up close. A color-inserted method uses complementary color gratings in the background of the high-frequency image to emphasize the high-frequency image when viewed up close, whereas the gratings disappear when viewed from far away. To ascertain that our approach successfully separates the spatial frequency at each viewing distance, we measured this property using our proposed assessment method. Our proposed method allows the experimenter to quantify the probability of perceiving both spatial frequencies and a single spatial frequency in a hybrid image. The experimental results confirmed that our proposed synthesis methods successfully hid the low-frequency image and emphasized the high-frequency image at a close viewing distance. At the same time, the perception of the low-frequency image was not disturbed when the image was viewed from far away.
In the modern information society, people are constantly exposed to stress due to complex work environments and various interpersonal relationships. Aromatherapy is attracting attention as one of the methods for relieving stress using... more
In the modern information society, people are constantly exposed to stress due to complex work environments and various interpersonal relationships. Aromatherapy is attracting attention as one of the methods for relieving stress using aroma. A method to quantitatively evaluate such an effect is necessary to clarify the effect of aroma on the human psychological state. In this study, we propose a method of using two biological indexes, electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV), to evaluate human psychological states during the inhalation of aroma. The purpose is to investigate the relationship between biological indexes and the psychological effect of aromas. First, we conducted an aroma presentation experiment using seven different olfactory stimuli while collecting data from EEG and pulse sensors. Next, we extracted the EEG and HRV indexes from the experimental data and analyzed them with respect to the olfactory stimuli. Our study found that olfactory stimuli hav...
Making emotional expressions on social media has recently become an ordinary part of life, but sometimes people might send messages with the wrong expression to other people through these media based on unconscious emotions such as anger.... more
Making emotional expressions on social media has recently become an ordinary part of life, but sometimes people might send messages with the wrong expression to other people through these media based on unconscious emotions such as anger. However, it is often difficult to recognize these unconscious emotions, and easy to send inappropriate expressions to other people without proper consideration. This could cause an unpleasant experience. To avoid these situations, it is expected that some observable mechanism could detect and communicate the unconscious emotions to the user before they send the message. These days, there are approaches that can detect unconscious emotions using physiological sensors such as EEGs and heartbeat sensors. These approaches provide the procedure to make unconscious emotions observable and communicated to the user in real-time. We apply this technology for detecting the mismatch between the unconscious emotion and expression before sending the message. Based on this idea, we design and implement the mechanism for detecting the mismatch and feed it back to the user of social media. We carry out an experiment using the proposed system. The preliminary result shows that the system tends to be effective for the purpose.
Due to the recent spread of COVID-19 infection, online communication tools are rapidly becoming widespread. However, it is difficult to convey nonverbal information online, therefore, it is difficult to obtain “empathy,” which is... more
Due to the recent spread of COVID-19 infection, online communication tools are rapidly becoming widespread. However, it is difficult to convey nonverbal information online, therefore, it is difficult to obtain “empathy,” which is important in communication. Although there are methods to convey empathy in existing SNS platform such as using buttons, people may feel reluctant to consciously convey their feeling. In our study, we propose a system that will extract empathy feeling from biological signals, heart rate variability and brain waves. With our proposed method, it is possible to generate and share empathy reaction automatically and unconsciously. As a preliminary study toward creating such a system, we assess the method for analyzing empathy in this study by calculating correlation of biological signals of two persons communicating in online environment under two conditions: video on and off. The results showed significant effects of correlation coefficient, suggesting that empathy could be measured. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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