- Nashville, Tennessee, United States
... Notes. *Oxyfluorfen; 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene, trade name Goal ® , was obtained from the Rohm and Hass Company, IndependenceMall West, Philadelphia, PA. 19105. Trade names ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Agronomy, Photosynthesis, Biology, Agricultural Sciences, Soil Respiration, and 15 moreStomata, Leaf Area Index, Agricultural, Crop Yield, Photosynthetic Rate, Leaves, Cultivars, Southeastern United States, Leaf Area, Cajanus, Planting Date, Sowing, Stomatal Conductance, CO Emission, and Plant density
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Beef cattle feedlot manure at 0, 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 mt/ha and anaerobically digested municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 mt/ha were applied and incorporated into an acid (pH 5.6) Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) for two... more
Beef cattle feedlot manure at 0, 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 mt/ha and anaerobically digested municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 mt/ha were applied and incorporated into an acid (pH 5.6) Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) for two consecutive years. Corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) were grown in replicated plots (6.1m × 4.6m). At
Research Interests:
Treated municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha was applied each year for two consecutive years and incorporated into a Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) having an initial pH of 5.6. Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.)... more
Treated municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha was applied each year for two consecutive years and incorporated into a Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) having an initial pH of 5.6. Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) was grown in replicated plots (6.1m × 4.6m). Soil samples were taken at 0 to 20 cm and 20 to 40
Research Interests:
Trifluralin (α, α, α-trifluoro-2, 4, dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was applied in 1973 to Egam loam and Beason clay field plots, which differed in slope and texture of the surface 12 in. of soil. Recommended (1×) and excessive (1.5×... more
Trifluralin (α, α, α-trifluoro-2, 4, dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was applied in 1973 to Egam loam and Beason clay field plots, which differed in slope and texture of the surface 12 in. of soil. Recommended (1×) and excessive (1.5× and 2×) rates of trifluralin were applied, and the herbicide was incorporated to a depth of 4 in. Movement of trifluralin below the 8-in. depth was essentially nil in both soils, but considerable movement occurred to the 8-in. depth in both. Trifluralin longevity in each soil was essentially the same, although higher rates were applied in the clay soil. On the average, less than 1% of the herbicide remained 5 months after application; an increasing trend of trifluralin residues with 1.5× and 2× rates was discerned, however. No herbicide was found in the soil the following spring (11 months after application). There was some evidence of upward movement of trifluralin in both soils. Trifluralin degradation followed first-order kinetics with half-life values of 35.8 and 25.7 days for Egam and Beason soils, respectively. Five weeks after herbicide application, control of two broad-leaf weeds and one grass weed was poor, being consistent with low herbicide concentrations (0.06 ppm) remaining in the soil at that time. The growth of oats (Avena sativa L.), a species sensitive to trifluralin, was also not significantly affected in the greenhouse at 0.05 ppm of trifluralin concentration.
Research Interests:
Trifluralin (α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2, 4‐dinitro‐N, N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine) was applied in 1976 to Egam loam and Beason clay soils on the same field plots that were utilized in a 1973 study. The rates and methods of herbicide application,... more
Trifluralin (α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2, 4‐dinitro‐N, N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine) was applied in 1976 to Egam loam and Beason clay soils on the same field plots that were utilized in a 1973 study. The rates and methods of herbicide application, herbicide formulation and soil incorporation and plot size were also the same. Soybean (Glycine max L.) was seeded in both years with the same crop row‐width.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Agronomy, Climatology, Agriculture, Ecophysiology, and 15 moreWater use efficiency, Soil Respiration, Field Experiment, Leaf Area Index, Transpiration, Experimentation, Arid, Photosynthetic Rate, Southeastern United States, Cajanus, Sowing, Stomatal Conductance, Growing Season, Climatic condition, and Plant density
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Trifluralin (α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2, 4‐dinitro‐N, N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine) was applied in 1976 to Egam loam and Beason clay soils on the same field plots that were utilized in a 1973 study. The rates and methods of herbicide application,... more
Trifluralin (α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2, 4‐dinitro‐N, N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine) was applied in 1976 to Egam loam and Beason clay soils on the same field plots that were utilized in a 1973 study. The rates and methods of herbicide application, herbicide formulation and soil incorporation and plot size were also the same. Soybean (Glycine max L.) was seeded in both years with the same crop row‐width.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Photosynthesis, Biology, Agricultural Sciences, Water use efficiency, Soil Respiration, and 14 moreStomata, Leaf Area Index, Transpiration, Agricultural, Crop Yield, Photosynthetic Rate, Leaves, Cultivars, Southeastern United States, Leaf Area, Planting Date, Stomatal Conductance, CO Emission, and Plant density
Published in Agron. J. 106:2202–2208 (2014) doi:10.2134/agronj14.0280 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or... more
Published in Agron. J. 106:2202–2208 (2014) doi:10.2134/agronj14.0280 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ABSTRACT As the demand in the United States for legume crops such as pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] increases, it becomes increasing important to improve yield and extend the area where pigeonpea may suitably be grown. To understand the effect of agricultural management on the leaf physiology, growth, and yield of pigeonpea, a 3-yr (2010–2012) field experiment was conducted in Nashville, TN. A split-split-plot experimental design with two planting dates in years 2010 and 2012, and one late planting in 2011 were used (main plot factor, early and late planting). Four pigeonpea varieties (subplot factor, GA1, GA2, W1, and W3) at three plant densities (sub-subplot factor, 295,500, 145,250, and 96,833 plants/ha) were planted. Maximum leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, plant height, plant stem diameter, leaf area index (LAI), and seed yield were measured. There were significant differences in leaf physiology, growth and yield among varieties, between planting dates, and between years. Leaf transpiration (5.4 mmol H2O/m 2/s) and yield (1048 kg/ha) were higher at early planting than at late planting (4.8 mmol H2O/m 2/s, 2.64, and 629 kg/ha), but height (138 cm) was lower at early planting than at late planting (150 cm). Among varieties, GA2 plants were shorter (131 cm) and had lower LAI (1.61), but produced higher seed yield (1263 kg/ha). Plant density did not show significant influence on leaf physiology, LAI, or yield. All variables measured showed remarkable variation between years. Our results indicated that variety selection and early planting may improve pigeonpea growth and yield in middle Tennessee.
Research Interests:
Treated municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha was applied each year for two consecutive years and incorporated into a Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) having an initial pH of 5.6. Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.)... more
Treated municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha was applied each year for two consecutive years and incorporated into a Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) having an initial pH of 5.6. Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) was grown in replicated plots (6.1m × 4.6m). Soil samples were taken at 0 to 20 cm and 20 to 40
Research Interests:
Trifluralin (α, α, α-trifluoro-2, 4, dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was applied in 1973 to Egam loam and Beason clay field plots, which differed in slope and texture of the surface 12 in. of soil. Recommended (1×) and excessive (1.5×... more
Trifluralin (α, α, α-trifluoro-2, 4, dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was applied in 1973 to Egam loam and Beason clay field plots, which differed in slope and texture of the surface 12 in. of soil. Recommended (1×) and excessive (1.5× and 2×) rates of trifluralin were applied, and the herbicide was incorporated to a depth of 4 in. Movement of trifluralin below the 8-in. depth was essentially nil in both soils, but considerable movement occurred to the 8-in. depth in both. Trifluralin longevity in each soil was essentially the same, although higher rates were applied in the clay soil. On the average, less than 1% of the herbicide remained 5 months after application; an increasing trend of trifluralin residues with 1.5× and 2× rates was discerned, however. No herbicide was found in the soil the following spring (11 months after application). There was some evidence of upward movement of trifluralin in both soils. Trifluralin degradation followed first-order kinetics with half-life values of 35.8 and 25.7 days for Egam and Beason soils, respectively. Five weeks after herbicide application, control of two broad-leaf weeds and one grass weed was poor, being consistent with low herbicide concentrations (0.06 ppm) remaining in the soil at that time. The growth of oats (Avena sativa L.), a species sensitive to trifluralin, was also not significantly affected in the greenhouse at 0.05 ppm of trifluralin concentration.
Research Interests:
— Increasing population growth and the impact of global climate change continue to place heavy demands on water quantity and quality. As such, there is growing concern about the availability of drinking water from clean, reliable sources.... more
— Increasing population growth and the impact of global climate change continue to place heavy demands on water quantity and quality. As such, there is growing concern about the availability of drinking water from clean, reliable sources. This concern is heightened due to the occurrence of karst topography and unconfined sand aquifers in the State of Tennessee. In such environments, the structural stability of groundwater sources, such as water wells, can be at greater risk of failing and allowing contaminants to infiltrate the water. These contaminants can be from either rural or urban areas, including agro and petrochemicals usage. Water wells (n=18) were selected at random from three counties in Middle Tennessee and observed with a down well camera, an emerging technology in water well design and construction. The down well camera was used to check for structural stability or emergent leaks and cracks in the well casing. Our results showed no sign of leaks at the casings or casin...
to arid and semi-arid tropical and subtropical climates of the world [1-3]. Pigeonpea is the sixth most important legume food crop globally and is grown on about 5 million ha of land [4]. Currently, pigeonpea is widely cultivated in India... more
to arid and semi-arid tropical and subtropical climates of the world [1-3]. Pigeonpea is the sixth most important legume food crop globally and is grown on about 5 million ha of land [4]. Currently, pigeonpea is widely cultivated in India [5]. Uganda and Kenya in Africa; the West Indies, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic in the Caribbean region; and Burma in Asia are also major pigeon-pea-producing countries [6-8]. Pigeonpea is a nutritious high protein crop with high digestible protein (68%), low in fat and sodium with no cholesterol and has high dietary fibers [9]. Interest in this crop is growing in many other countries because of its multiple uses as a source of food, feed, fuel, and fertilizer [10-12]. During the three years of 1997-1999, the consumption of dry edible beans per person in the US has increased by 28% over the 1987-1989 period to 3.5 kg [13]. It has been postulated that a combination of rising immigration (particularly among the Hispanic population), wide-sp...
Adsorption-Desorption and Movement of Picloram (4-Amino-3,5,6-Trichloropicolinic Acid) in Soils by Desh Raj Duseja, Doctor of Philosophy Utah State University, 1972 Major Professor: Dr. R. W. Miller Department: Soils and Biometeorology... more
Adsorption-Desorption and Movement of Picloram (4-Amino-3,5,6-Trichloropicolinic Acid) in Soils by Desh Raj Duseja, Doctor of Philosophy Utah State University, 1972 Major Professor: Dr. R. W. Miller Department: Soils and Biometeorology xiii -Adsorption and desorption of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) in soils was studied utilizing both batch technique and soil columns. The five soils from the states of Utah and California ranged from 0.6 to 18.7 percent in organic matter content, 5 to 21 percent in sesquioxides and 6.45 to 7.55 in pH. In batch studies, the factors affecting picloram adsorption-desorption included time, soil type, organic matter, herbicide concentration, temperature, pH, and inorganic electrolytes. The soils adsorbed 10.8 to 58.2 percent of the added picloram from 0.05 to 10,0 ppm of picloram aqueous solutions. Adsorption was highly correlated with organic matter (r • 0.99), pH (r •0.98), and aesquioxides content (r • 0.96) of the soils, Adsorption ...
Research Interests:
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is an important legume crop widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates of the world. Interest in this crop is growing in many countries because of its multiple uses as a source of food,... more
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is an important legume crop widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates of the world. Interest in this crop is growing in many countries because of its multiple uses as a source of food, feed, fuel, and fertilizer. However, the performance of pigeonpea in Southeastern US has not been well investigated. We conducted an experiment in Nashville, Tennessee to test the effects of two planting dates, three densities, and four varieties on pigeonpea ecophysiology that included leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, water use efficiency (WUE), leaf area index (LAI) and soil respiration. Results indicated that the plants in the late planting plots had higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration. There were significant differences in the levels of leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, WUE and LAI among all four varieties. W3 and G1 showed higher photosynthetic rate and LAI than W1, ...
Zero-tillage (no-tillage, NT) system of crop production is attractive to farmers because of savings in fuel, labor and machinery, increased potential for double-cropping, reduced soil erosion, reduced environmental pollution, and various... more
Zero-tillage (no-tillage, NT) system of crop production is attractive to farmers because of savings in fuel, labor and machinery, increased potential for double-cropping, reduced soil erosion, reduced environmental pollution, and various other advantages. To compare two tillage systems --NT and conventional tillage (CN) --as to their influence on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill var. Forrest) production, soil properties and nutrient uptake, an eight-year field study was conducted at a university (USA) research farm on a Byler silt loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf). Soybean grain yields in NT were comparable to those in CN. At the conclusion of the study, organic matter (OM) levels were higher in NT. NT surface-soil evidenced a tendency to be acidic. Generally, surface accumulations of nutrients in NT did not occur. With the exception of seed nitrogen, plant nutrient-uptake remained uninfluenced by tillage; seed nitrogen tended to be higher in NT. It is estimated that with comparable soy...
... Notes. *Oxyfluorfen; 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene, trade name Goal ® , was obtained from the Rohm and Hass Company, IndependenceMall West, Philadelphia, PA. 19105. Trade names ...
Research Interests:
Pigeonpea is a nutritious legume crop that has the ability to fix nitrogen, grow on marginal lands and has multipurpose use for human consumption, animal feed and fuel. India is the largest producer and consumer of the crop. However,... more
Pigeonpea is a nutritious legume crop that has the ability to fix nitrogen, grow on marginal lands and has multipurpose use for human consumption, animal feed and fuel. India is the largest producer and consumer of the crop. However, there is growing interest to produce the crop by other countries including the United States. The focus of this study was to examine the role of row spacing on yield. Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) it was found that spacing affects yield. That is, the more the spacing the more the yield.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Three herbicides, trifluralin, (α,α, α‐ trifluoro‐2, 6‐dinitro‐N,N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine), profluralin (N‐dyclopropylmeehyl)‐α,α,α,‐trifluoro‐2, 6‐dinitro‐N‐propyl‐p‐toluidine), and dinitramine (N, N‐diethyl‐α, α,α‐trifluoro‐3,... more
Three herbicides, trifluralin, (α,α, α‐ trifluoro‐2, 6‐dinitro‐N,N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine), profluralin (N‐dyclopropylmeehyl)‐α,α,α,‐trifluoro‐2, 6‐dinitro‐N‐propyl‐p‐toluidine), and dinitramine (N, N‐diethyl‐α, α,α‐trifluoro‐3, 5‐dinitrotoluene‐2, 4‐diamine) were incubated in an Etowah silt loam soil under laboratory conditions. The herbicides were incubated at 0.5 ppmw herbicide concentrations at 73 and 95°F, and for a time period ranging from 7 to 17 days. Three pH levels (5.3, 6.4, and 7.5) and
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Anaerobically digested sewage sludge at 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha and farm manure at 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 metric tons/ ha rates were applied annually for two consecutive years to an acid Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) cropped... more
Anaerobically digested sewage sludge at 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha and farm manure at 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 metric tons/ ha rates were applied annually for two consecutive years to an acid Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) cropped to corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.). A recommended NPK check was included. Available P (1% (NH4)2SO4 in
Research Interests:
Beef cattle feedlot manure at 0, 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 mt/ha and anaerobically digested municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 mt/ha were applied and incorporated into an acid (pH 5.6) Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) for two... more
Beef cattle feedlot manure at 0, 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 mt/ha and anaerobically digested municipal sewage sludge at 0, 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 mt/ha were applied and incorporated into an acid (pH 5.6) Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) for two consecutive years. Corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) were grown in replicated plots (6.1m × 4.6m). At
Research Interests:
As the demand of legume crops such as pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is increasing in the United States, extending the growing areas and improving the yield of such crops become an important task. To understand how agricultural... more
As the demand of legume crops such as pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is increasing in the United States, extending the growing areas and improving the yield of such crops become an important task. To understand how agricultural management could influence the ecophysiology, growth, and yield of pigeonpea, we conducted a three-year (2010-2012) field experiment in Nashville, TN. We used a split-plot design considering two planting dates (main factor, early and later planting), four pigeonpea varieties (sub-plot factor, G1, G2, W1 and W3) and three plant densities (sub-plot factor, 295,500, 145,250, and 96,833 pants/ha). Maximum net leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, water use efficiency (WUE), soil respiration, plant height, plant stem diameter, leaf area index (LAI), and seed yield were measured over the three years. Results showed there were significant differences in ecophysiology, growth and yield between planting dates, among varieties, and among yea...
Anaerobically digested sewage sludge at 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha and farm manure at 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 metric tons/ ha rates were applied annually for two consecutive years to an acid Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) cropped... more
Anaerobically digested sewage sludge at 11.2, 33.6, and 67.2 metric tons/ha and farm manure at 6.7, 20.2, and 40.4 metric tons/ ha rates were applied annually for two consecutive years to an acid Byler loam soil (Typic Fragiudalf) cropped to corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.). A recommended NPK check was included. Available P (1% (NH4)2SO4 in
Research Interests:
Many factors such as climate and agricultural practices influence the ecophysiology of legume crops. As an important legume crop, pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) has been grown mainly in arid, semi-arid tropical and subtropical regions of the... more
Many factors such as climate and agricultural practices influence the ecophysiology of legume crops. As an important legume crop, pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) has been grown mainly in arid, semi-arid tropical and subtropical regions of the World. However, performance of pigeonpea in southeastern United States has not been extensively investigated. To test the effects of climate and agricultural practices on the ecophysiology of pigeonpea, we conducted a two-year field experiment in Nashville, Tennessee. ...