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    L. Chow

    The performance of CdTe/CdS/TCO/glass structure which is generally used as a solar cell depends on the impurities incorporated in the system before and after electrodeposition of CdTe thin films. In this report we present a detailed... more
    The performance of CdTe/CdS/TCO/glass structure which is generally used as a solar cell depends on the impurities incorporated in the system before and after electrodeposition of CdTe thin films. In this report we present a detailed investigation of this structure using secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS), x-ray microanalysis, x-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) to identify those impurities. We also discuss possible ways of minimizing or eliminating some of these impurities in order to improve the cell efficiency.
    Deposition of high quality zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin film over a large area is required if it is to be effectively used in electroluminescent devices, solar cells, and other optoelectronic devices. Of all deposition techniques, chemical... more
    Deposition of high quality zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin film over a large area is required if it is to be effectively used in electroluminescent devices, solar cells, and other optoelectronic devices. Of all deposition techniques, chemical bath deposition (CBD) is the least costly technique that meets the above requirements. Recently it is found that the growth of ZnS film, of thickness less than 100 nm in a single dip, by CBD is facilitated by the use of ammonia and hydrazine as complexing agents. Here we report that the thickness of the deposited ZnS film can be increased if ammonium salt is used as a buffer. We also present an analytical study to explain our results and to further understand the ZnS growth process in CBD.
    Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition has been used for the deposition of diamond and diamond-like thin films during the last decade with great success. Here we present experimental evidence that a chemical vapor deposition technique... more
    Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition has been used for the deposition of diamond and diamond-like thin films during the last decade with great success. Here we present experimental evidence that a chemical vapor deposition technique can also be used to synthesize ...
    ABSTRACT A comprehensive study of the effect of the cadmium source on chemical bath deposited cadmium sulfide thin films is reported. Four different cadmium sources, namely cadmium sulfate, cadmium chloride, cadmium iodide, and cadmium... more
    ABSTRACT A comprehensive study of the effect of the cadmium source on chemical bath deposited cadmium sulfide thin films is reported. Four different cadmium sources, namely cadmium sulfate, cadmium chloride, cadmium iodide, and cadmium acetate have been used. Single-dip, for 15 minutes, as well as multi-dip depositions (four successive depositions for 8-12 minutes each) were carried out at 70oC on quartz substrates. The effect of changing the cadmium source on the film optical/electrical properties as well as the film thickness was studied. Hall Effect measurements were carried out for all films as well as Rutherford Back Scattering (RBS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
    Sn-doped ZnO nanorod arrays were synthesized by a novel method combining the aqueous solution process with post-growth rapid photothermal processing (RPP). The post-growth RPP of Sn-doped ZnO nanostrnctures at 700 degC in vacuum was found... more
    Sn-doped ZnO nanorod arrays were synthesized by a novel method combining the aqueous solution process with post-growth rapid photothermal processing (RPP). The post-growth RPP of Sn-doped ZnO nanostrnctures at 700 degC in vacuum was found to result in a drastic decrease of the near-bandgap photoluminescence intensity. A comparison of the impact of RPP in Sn and AI doped samples is
    For development of individual ZnO microwire in hydrogen sensors an environmentally benign synthesis process and fabrication route are required. Here we report a synthesis route for ZnO microwires using vapour phase process. Furthermore,... more
    For development of individual ZnO microwire in hydrogen sensors an environmentally benign synthesis process and fabrication route are required. Here we report a synthesis route for ZnO microwires using vapour phase process. Furthermore, our synthesis technique permits microwires to be transferred to other substrates. This offers the possibility of using focused ion beam instrument for handling. We fabricated a single microwire-based sensor and found ~4% sensitive hydrogen 200 ppm in the air at room temperature.
    Transferable ZnO tetrapods were grown by an aqueous solution method. An individual ZnO tetrapod-based sensor was fabricated by in situ lift-out technique and its ultraviolet (UV) and gas sensing properties were investigated. This single... more
    Transferable ZnO tetrapods were grown by an aqueous solution method. An individual ZnO tetrapod-based sensor was fabricated by in situ lift-out technique and its ultraviolet (UV) and gas sensing properties were investigated. This single tetrapod-based device responds to the UV light rapidly and showed a recovery time of about 23s. The sensitivity of a single ZnO tetrapod sensor to oxygen
    ABSTRACT ZnO nanorods with hexagonal structures were synthesized by a hydrothermal method under different The effect of synthesis conditions on ZnO nanorod growth was systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy. All samples... more
    ABSTRACT ZnO nanorods with hexagonal structures were synthesized by a hydrothermal method under different The effect of synthesis conditions on ZnO nanorod growth was systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the morphology and ordering of ZnO nanorods are determined by the growth temperature, the overall concentration of the precursors and deposition time. ZnO nanorod morphology and surface-to-volume ratio are most sensitive to temperature. The width of ZnO nanorods can be controlled by the overall concentration of the reactants and by temperature. The influence of the chemical reactions, the nucleation and growth process on the morphology of ZnO nanorods is discussed.
    In this work, we report on a single ZnO nanowire-based nanoscale sensor fabricated using focused ion beam (FIB/SEM) instrument. We studied the diameter dependence of the gas response and selectivity of ZnO nanowires (NWs) synthesized by... more
    In this work, we report on a single ZnO nanowire-based nanoscale sensor fabricated using focused ion beam (FIB/SEM) instrument. We studied the diameter dependence of the gas response and selectivity of ZnO nanowires (NWs) synthesized by chemical vapor phase growth method. The photoluminescence (PL) measurements were used to determine the deep levels related to defects which are presented in the