Rose flower production and export has emerged as major foreign exchange earner and source of employment in Ethiopia. This young and fast growing industry gave rise to social and economic concerns which were also part of the wider debate... more
Rose flower production and export has emerged as major foreign exchange earner and source of employment in Ethiopia. This young and fast growing industry gave rise to social and economic concerns which were also part of the wider debate about the social and economic implications of global trade under liberalized trade regimes. This thesis attempts to explore the economic and social opportunities and challenges of rose flower production and export in Ethiopia. Specifically, it looks at the benefits of flower industry for workers who are employed in the sector. It has also examined the labor, health and safety conditions and regulations. In this regard flower farms adherence to core labor standards and government efficacy in enforcing ILO core labor standards and national labor laws proclamation are scrutinized. Finally, it discusses the gendered impacts of the industry by analyzing the characteristics of the workforce and the nature of employment. The study employed qualitative resea...
In the global South, local markets are among the settings where children’s everyday life experience unfolds. Children participate in various forms of work in local markets and make valuable economic contributions. This study was an... more
In the global South, local markets are among the settings where children’s everyday life experience unfolds. Children participate in various forms of work in local markets and make valuable economic contributions. This study was an attempt to get an insight on the everyday life experiences of boys and girls who work in three open local markets. It looked at children places and social relationships in local markets. It has also examined the influence of different types of local markets on boys and girls life circumstances, in particular the effect of the changes in national economic processes such as the growing significance of Khat on boys and girls local contexts and livelihood options. Qualitative research approach was employed to get an in-depth insight on nuances of boys and girls everyday life experiences. The empirical data of this studywas collected using a range of techniques, which includes observation, time recall, photograph and photo elicitation, in-depth interview and focus group discussions. Children engagement in various forms of work in each market evidenced the significant diversity of their work and the strong link between children’s everyday experiences with places withinwhich it happened. Children were engaged in competitive and collaborative relationships in different market settings. These collaborative and competitive relationships shape the everyday life experiences of children in different market settings. Children acquired and used combinations of informal and practical knowledge by working in the market, which they considered as an alternative livelihood options in future adulthood. Working in local markets gave children not only economic independence but also a sense of self-reliance and self-respect.Boys and girls usually combine trading activities with formal school and household responsibilities. Thus, children face with a dilemma on their choices between life here and now and the future. Moreover, the dynamics involved in national economic process, in particular the increasing production and marketing of Khat, affected children’s local careers and livelihood options differently. Therefore, understanding children’s everyday life experiences requires situating their social practices within diverse local contexts in which they work.
Rose flower production and export has emerged as major foreign exchange earner and source of employment in Ethiopia. This young and fast growing industry gave rise to social and economic concerns which were also part of the wider debate... more
Rose flower production and export has emerged as major foreign exchange earner and source of employment in Ethiopia. This young and fast growing industry gave rise to social and economic concerns which were also part of the wider debate about the social and economic implications of global trade under liberalized trade regimes. This thesis attempts to explore the economic and social opportunities and challenges of rose flower production and export in Ethiopia. Specifically, it looks at the benefits of flower industry for workers who are employed in the sector. It has also examined the labor, health and safety conditions and regulations. In this regard flower farms adherence to core labor standards and government efficacy in enforcing ILO core labor standards and national labor laws proclamation are scrutinized. Finally, it discusses the gendered impacts of the industry by analyzing the characteristics of the workforce and the nature of employment. The study employed qualitative resea...
The rise of emerging economies represents a challenge to traditional global power balances and raises the question of how we can combine sustainability with continued economic growth. Understanding this global shift and its impact on the... more
The rise of emerging economies represents a challenge to traditional global power balances and raises the question of how we can combine sustainability with continued economic growth. Understanding this global shift and its impact on the environment is the paramount contemporary challenge for development-oriented researchers and policy makers alike. This book breaks new ground by combining scholarship on the role of emerging economies with research on sustainable development.
The book investigates how the development strategies of emerging economies challenge traditional development theory and sustainability discourses. With regional introductions and original case studies from South Asia, East Asia, Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa, it discusses how to conceptualise sustainable development in the global race for economic prosperity. What characterises the development strategies of emerging economies, and what challenges are these posing for global sustainable development? How can emerging economies shed light on the global challenges, dilemmas and paradoxes of the relationship between socio-economic improvements and environmental degradation?
Det nye favorittordet innan utvikling og bistand er «framveksande» (på engelsk: «emerging»). Vi snakkar no om framveksande økonomiar, framveksande land, framveksande marknadar og framveksande donorar. Kva betyr dette eigentleg, og kvar... more
Det nye favorittordet innan utvikling og bistand er «framveksande» (på engelsk: «emerging»). Vi snakkar no om framveksande økonomiar, framveksande land, framveksande marknadar og framveksande donorar. Kva betyr dette eigentleg, og kvar kom det i frå?
Northern donors must live up to their commitments to assist the South in dealing with the negative impacts of development. But this cannot replace the rich countries’ imperative to reduce their ecological footprints.
Based on a qualitative study of Chinese-led construction projects in Mozambique, this article explores how Chinese engagement in the construction sector affects workplace regimes. The study addresses the following set of questions: What... more
Based on a qualitative study of Chinese-led construction projects in Mozambique, this article explores how Chinese engagement in the construction sector affects workplace regimes. The study addresses the following set of questions: What characterises these workplace regimes, and why do the workplace regimes give rise to resentment and tension amongst Mozambican workers? Furthermore, how is labour agency constrained or enabled within these workplace regimes? The data reveals that Chinese companies in Mozambique are granted great freedom to develop workplace regimes as they see fit, characterised by functional flexibility, low pay and few benefits. Furthermore, the creation of a divided workplace, with separate workplace regimes for Chinese and Mozambican workers, exacerbates resentment amongst Mozambican workers. The Mozambican workers employ multiple strategies to express their discontent, but labour agency is constrained by weak national institutional support, and lack of alternative employment opportunities in the local labour market.
China has become a significant contributor to closing Africa's infrastructural gap, but Chinese companies are repeatedly criticised for not involving local businesses in their operations, and for isolating themselves from the... more
China has become a significant contributor to closing Africa's infrastructural gap, but Chinese companies are repeatedly criticised for not involving local businesses in their operations, and for isolating themselves from the socio-economic environment. Can this be attributed to ‘typical Chinese business practice’? This article employs linkage theory to examine the weak domestic backward linkages in Chinese-led construction projects in Mozambique. The analysis shows that while Chinese companies do not involve Mozambican businesses in their activities to any extent, this cannot be attributed solely to any ‘Chinese business model’. It is a consequence of weak local industrial capabilities, fragile social infrastructure and a liberal policy environment not conducive to the creation of domestic backward linkages in Chinese-led construction projects.
Part 1: Introduction 1. Emerging Economies and Challenges to Sustainability Arve Hansen &Ulrikke Wethal 2.The 'Rise of the Rest' and the Revenge of 'Development': The emerging economies and shifts in development theory... more
Part 1: Introduction 1. Emerging Economies and Challenges to Sustainability Arve Hansen &Ulrikke Wethal 2.The 'Rise of the Rest' and the Revenge of 'Development': The emerging economies and shifts in development theory Benedicte Bull 3. Making Sense of Sustainable Development in a Changing World Desmond McNeill & Harold Wilhite Part 2: Asia 4. Miracles or Uneven Development? Asia in the contemporary world economy Pietro Masina 5. Ecological Modernisation and Dilemmas of Sustainable Development in China Hege Merete Knutsen & Xiaoxi Ou 6. Between Peasant Utopia and Neoliberal Dreams: Industrialisation and its discontents in emerging India Kenneth Bo Nielsen 7. Best of Both Worlds? The power and pitfalls of Vietnam's development model Arve Hansen 8. Indonesia: Neoliberal development in the context of decentralised patronage politics Gyda Maras Sindre Part 3: Latin America 9. Latin America's Decade of Growth: Progress and challenges for a sustainable development Benedicte Bull 10. Brazil, Land of the Future? Conservative development strategy and the urban challenges Einar Braathen & Yuri Kasahara 11. Agricultural change in Argentina: Impacts of the gene modified soybean revolution Kristi Anne Stolen 12. The Paradoxes of Chilean Economic Development: Growth, inequality, deindustrialisation and sustainability risks Andres Solimano and Marianne Schaper 13. Mining, Development and Environmental Sustainabilty in Peru Jemima Garcia-Godos & Henrik Wiig Part 4: Sub-Saharan Africa 14. Between Emerging Economies and Protracted Conflict: Challenges to sustainability in sub-Saharan Africa Morten Boas 15. Pro-Growth Challenges to Sustainability in South Africa Dianne Scott, Catherine Sutherland, Vicky Sim and Glen Robbins 16. Searching for Sustainability in Mozambique's Development Strategy Ulrikke Wethal 17. Botswana's Developmental State: Sustainability under threat? Ian Taylor 18. Ethiopia - Rapid and Green Growth for All? Axel Borchgrevink Part 5: Conclusion 19. Conclusion Arve Hansen & Ulrikke Wethal
Propelled by a commodities boom and expanding South–South investment, mega-projects have reshaped the politics of labour in many African settings. Reflecting on such dynamics, this article critically engages with questions of employment,... more
Propelled by a commodities boom and expanding South–South investment, mega-projects have reshaped the politics of labour in many African settings. Reflecting on such dynamics, this article critically engages with questions of employment, skills development, and contestation re-configuring capital–labour encounters in the ‘Chinese’ and ‘Brazilian’ workplace in Mozambique. We analyse two mega-projects: the Maputo Ring Road, implemented by the China Road and Bridge Corporation, and the Moatize Coal Project, led by the Brazilian mining company, Vale SA. Engaging with the complex realities at project ground level, the article unpacks how workplace regimes and outcomes reflect an intricate, multi-scalar array of spatial encounters, sector-specific characteristics, and national political economies. For both cases, this is associated with common promises of development and prosperity for Mozambique. While such promises take on different ideational guises, we show that the Chinese and Brazil...
