Sergio Salazar-Galán

In this paper, we analyse the effectiveness of flood management measures based on the concept known as "re-taining water in the landscape". The investigated measures include afforestation, micro-ponds and small-reservoirs. A comparative and model-based methodological approach has been developed and applied for three meso-scale catchments located in different European hydro-climatological regions: Poyo (184 km 2) in the Spanish Mediterranean, Upper Iller (954 km 2) in the German Alps and Kamp (621 km 2) in Northeast-Austria representing the Continental hydro-climate. This comparative analysis has found general similarities in spite of the particular differences among studied areas. In general terms, the flood reduction through the concept of "retaining water in the landscape" depends on the following factors: the storage capacity increase in the catchment resulting from such measures, the characteristics of the rainfall event, the antecedent soil moisture condition and the spatial distribution of such flood management measures in the catchment. In general, our study has shown that, this concept is effective for small and medium events, but almost negligible for the largest and less frequent floods: this holds true for all different hydro-climatic regions, and with different land-use, soils and morphological settings.

Acidovorax species cause a wide range of economically important diseases in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, including sugarcane, corn, rice, oats, millet, foxtail watermelon and orchids. In Argentina, the red stripe disease of sugarcane caused by A. avenae affects 30% of the milling stems with important economic losses. To explore the genetic diversity of this bacterium associated with red stripe in Argentina, MLST was applied. This study included 15 local strains isolated from four different sugarcane planting regions and selected after RAPD analysis and reference strains of A. citrulli, A. avenae, and A. oryzae to investigate their phylogenetic relationships. MLST analysis resulted in five sequence types (STs) among the sugarcane A. avenae strains which constitute a clonal complex, meaning a common and close origin. Sugarcane strains were related to A. avenae from other hosts and distant to A. citrulli. Signals of frequent recombination in several lineages of A. avenae...

A bacterial strain, designated BC09, was isolated from a contaminated sample of condensed milk. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain BC09 into the genus Bacillus with its closest relatives being Bacillus safensis and Bacillus australimaris with 100 and 99.9 % similarity, respectively. Analysis of the gyrB gene confirmed the closeness of strain BC09 with respect to the species B. safensis since it presented 97.8 and 95.2 % similarity values, respectively, to the type strains of B. safensis and B. australimaris. DNA-DNA hybridization confirmed these results showing averages of 67 and 56 %, respectively, between strain BC09 and the type strains of B. safensis and B. australimaris. Average nucleotide identity blast values obtained for BC09 compared to the closest relative type strains were 95.7 and 67.6 %, respectively, and predicted DNA-DNA hybridization values were 93.1 and 51.9 %, respectively. However, strain BC09 differs from the type strains of its ...

The species Arthrobacter viscosus was isolated from soil from Guatemala and it was classified into the genus Arthrobacter on the basis of phenotypic traits. Nevertheless, the results of16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that this species is a member of the genus Rhizobium, with Rhizobium alamii GBV016T and Rhizobium mesosinicum CCBAU 25010T as the most closely related species with 99.64 and 99.48 % similarity, respectively. The similarity values for the recA gene are 92.2 and 94.4 % with respect to R. alamii GBV016T and R. mesosinicum CCBAU 25010T, respectively, and those for the atpD gene are 92.9 and 98.7 %, respectively. Results of DNA-DNA hybridization analysis yield averages of 46 and 41 % relatedness with respect to the type strains of R. alamii and R. mesosinicum, respectively. Phenotypic characteristics also differed from those of the most closely related species of the genus Rhizobium. Therefore, based on the data obtained in this study, we propose to classify strain LMG 16473T as representing a novel species named Rhizobiumviscosum comb. nov. (type strain LMG 16473T=CECT 908T).

In this study we analysed three bacterial strains coded L10.10(T), A4R1.5 and A4R1.12, isolated in the course of a study of quorum-quenching bacteria occurring in Antarctic soil. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was identical in the three strains and showed 99.7% pairwise similarity with respect to the closest related species Pseudomonas weihenstephanensis WS4993(T). Therefore, the three strains were classified within the genus Pseudomonas. Analysis of housekeeping genes (rpoB, rpoD and gyrB) sequences showed similarities of 84-95% with respect to the closest related species of Pseudomonas, confirming its phylogenetic affiliation. The ANI values were less than 86% to the closest related species type strains. The respiratory quinone is Q9. The major fatty acids are C16:0, C16:1 ω7c/ C16:1 ω6c in summed feature 3 and C18:1 ω7c / C18:1 ω6c in summed feature 8. The strains are oxidase- and catalase-positive. Growth occurs at 4-30°C, and at pH 4.0-10. The DNA G+C content is 58.2-58.3mol %. The...

Se caracterizó la variación radial de las dimensiones de las traqueidas y la identificación de las variables climáticas que influyen sobre la variación de las mismas en Abies religiosa  (H.B.K.) Schldtl. & Cham. Se eligieron 20 árboles en una población de la sierra El Campanario, Michoacán. Las muestras fueron tomadas a la altura del pecho (1.30 m), y procesadas con microtecnia convencional para madera. Se analizaron cuatro características de las traqueidas y el ancho de los anillos de crecimiento en sentido radial. Los diámetros tangenciales de la traqueida y del lumen de la traqueida en la madera tardía, así como del lumen de la traqueida en la madera temprana, presentan un ligero incremento que va de la médula al cámbium vascular. El grosor de la pared de la traqueida en la madera tardía muestra un rápido incremento en la región cercana a la médula y posterior a este incremento, manifiesta amplias fluctuaciones. El ancho de los anillos de crecimiento tiene un patrón inverso al gr...

Multiple-choice questions are a gold-standard tool in medical school for assessment of knowledge and are the mainstay of licensing examinations. However, multiple-choice questions items can be criticized for lacking the ability to test higher-order learning or integrative thinking across multiple disciplines. Our objective was to develop a novel assessment that would address understanding of pathophysiology and pharmacology, evaluate learning at the levels of application, evaluation and synthesis, and allow students to demonstrate clinical reasoning. The rubric assesses student writeups of clinical case problems. The method is based on the physician's traditional postencounter Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan note. Students were required to correctly identify subjective and objective findings in authentic clinical case problems, to ascribe pathophysiological as well as pharmacological mechanisms to these findings, and to justify a list of differential diagnoses. A utility analysis was undertaken to evaluate the new assessment tool by appraising its reliability, validity, feasibility, cost effectiveness, acceptability, and educational impact using a mixed-method approach. The Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan assessment tool scored highly in terms of validity and educational impact and had acceptable levels of statistical reliability but was limited in terms of acceptance, feasibility, and cost effectiveness due to high time demands on expert graders and workload concerns from students. We conclude by making suggestions for improving the tool and recommend deployment of the instrument for low-stakes summative assessment or formative assessment.

ABSTRACT Variations of strawberry fruit quality due to year, harvest date, cultivar, and nutrition were studied in Tucumán, Argentina. ‘Camarosa’, ‘Camino Real’, ‘Candonga’, and ‘Ventana’ were fertilized with “C” (control; 120 kg N/ha, 70 kg P2O5/ha, 220 kg K2O/ha, 40 kg CaO/ha, and 20 kg MgO/ha) and “1.5C” in 2006, “C”, “1.33C”, and “1.66C” in 2007, and “C”, “1.5C”, and “2C” in 2008, without affecting fruit quality. Fruit weight decreased with temperature and crop load. Firmness decreased with rainfall and temperature. Redness increased with temperature and decreased with rainfall. Soluble solids content decreased with crop load. Titratable acidity increased with temperature.,

[1] Beauchemin, SS and JL Barron (1995). The computation of optical flow. ACM Computing Surveys 27, 433-467. [2] Bouguet, JY (1999). Pyramidal implementation of the lucas kanade feature tracker. Technical report. Intel. [3] Corke, P. (2004). An inertial and visual sensing ...

... Our acknowledgement to Ivan Parra and JA Vazquez Morales for their technical assistance in the plant collection and identification, and to Eduardo Ruiz Bustos for his help in ... FJ Alarcón-Aguilera, R Román-Ramos, S Pérez-Gutiérrez, A ... A Cáceres, O Cano, B Samayoa, and ...

RESUMEN El contenido de ADN nuclear en tejido foliar de tres poblaciones silvestres de Agave angustifolia y dos de Agave rhodacantha del municipio de Nácori Chico, Sonora, México, se determinó mediante citometría de flujo. Todos los especímenes en las dos ...

ABSTRACT The strawberry possesses characteristics and qualities that cause they have it a demand consistent, various alternatives of industrialization and social impact in the zones production by their high demand of labor. Argentina produces yearly 40,000 t of fruit in 1,660 ha cultivation, being Tucumán and Santa Fé the main provinces production, with 630 and 455 has, respectively. The plant growth promotion ability of Azospirillum can be reflected in increased root growth and increased water and nutrient uptake, bringing about enhanced plant growth and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Azospirillum as biofertilizer in strawberry. Strawberry plants cv. Camarosa were inoculated by root immersion (10 6 ufc/ml) with three races (RLC1-rhizospheric and REC3 and PEC5-endophytic) of the bacterium, isolated from strawberry plant roots. Treated plants were planted in fruit evaluation plots following a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Water was applied by drip irrigation. Plant were transplanted on May 05, 2009, in Famaillá (Tucumán, Argentina). Harvests occured between July and November. Plants inoculated with the rhizospheric race produced 560 g/plant, with the endophytic race: REC3 501 and PEC5 564 g/plant and non-inoculated plant 489 g/plant.

... in Castanea sativa stands in Salamanca (Spain) and the Cévennes (France) Hélène Gondard1, Ignacio Santa Regina2*, Sergio Salazar2, Alvaro Peix2 and Francois Romane1. 1Cefe (CNRS-UPR 9056), 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France. ...

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In this paper we present the dynamic model and the stabilisation of an original configuration of an small helicopter having eight rotors. This configuration is not yet presented in the literature and in our knowledge is also the first prototype of this kind of helicopters. The equations of motion for the VTOL aircraft are obtained using Euler-Lagrange approach. Due to

Red stripe of sugarcane in Argentina is a bacterial disease caused byAcidovorax avenae. The genome sequence from the first isolate of this bacterium in Argentina is presented here. The draft genome of theA. avenaeT10_61 strain contains 5,646,552 bp and has a G+C content of 68.6 mol%.

We analysed through a polyphasic taxonomy approach two bacterial strains coded BSTT30T and BSTT40, isolated in the course of a study of endophytic bacteria occurring in stems and roots of potato growing in a soil from Salamanca, Spain. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was identical in both strains and had 98.4% identity with respect to the closest relatives Erwinia tasmaniensis Et1/99T and E. rhapontici ATCC29283T and the following closest related species with 98.2 % similarity were E. billingiae E63T and E. toletana A37T, for which the strains were classified within genus Erwinia. The analysis of housekeeping genes gpd, gyrB and rpoD confirmed their phylogenetic affiliation and showed identities lower than 90% in all cases with respect to the mentioned closest relatives. The respiratory quinone is Q8. The major fatty acids are C16:0, C16:1 7c/ 16:1 6c in summed feature 3 and C18:1 7c/ 18:2 6,9c in summed feature 8. Oxidase negative and catalase positive. Glucose is fermented without gas production. Arginine dihydrolase, urease and indole production are negative. It can grow at 35ºC and at pH 10. The DNA G+C content was 50.1 mol %. DNA-DNA hybridization results showed values lower than 29% relatedness with respect to the type strains of the four closest related species. Therefore, the combined results of genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data support the classification of strains BSTT30T and BSTT40 into a novel species of Erwinia, for which the name Erwinia endophytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BSTT30T (=LMG 28457T, CECT 8692T).